Extradural and subdural hemorrhages are types of bleeding inside the skull, often due to trauma. They differ in location and severity, affecting treatment and outcomes.
Types:
- Extradural Hemorrhage (EDH): Bleeding between the skull and the outer layer of the brain (dura mater).
- Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH): Bleeding between the dura mater and the brain itself.
Causes
Extradural Hemorrhage:
- Head trauma from falls, car accidents, assaults.
- Fractures of the skull.
- Rupture of arteries, typically the middle meningeal artery.
Subdural Hemorrhage:
- Head injuries, often mild or repetitive.
- Aging (brain shrinkage increases risk).
- Bleeding disorders like hemophilia.
Symptoms
Extradural Hemorrhage:
- Loss of consciousness followed by a lucid interval.
- Severe headache.
- Dizziness, nausea, vomiting.
Subdural Hemorrhage:
- Confusion or slurred speech.
- Headache that worsens.
- Weakness, numbness, or seizures.
Diagnostic Tests
- CT Scan: Quick and effective for both types.
- MRI: Detects smaller hemorrhages.
- Neurological Examination: Assesses motor and sensory functions.
Non-pharmacological Treatments
- Observation: Monitoring vital signs and neurological status.
- Surgical Drainage: Evacuation of clots to relieve pressure.
- Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation after surgery.
Drugs
- Anticoagulants: Managed carefully to prevent bleeding.
- Anti-seizure Medications: After surgery to prevent seizures.
- Pain Relievers: For symptomatic relief.
Surgeries
- Craniotomy: Opening the skull to evacuate clots.
- Burr Hole Surgery: Small hole to drain blood.
- Craniectomy: Removing part of the skull temporarily.
Preventions
- Wear Seatbelts: Prevents head injuries in accidents.
- Avoid Falls: Especially important for the elderly.
- Manage Hypertension: Reduces risk of spontaneous bleeds.
When to See Doctors:
- After Any Head Injury: Especially if symptoms like headache or confusion develop.
- Sudden Onset of Symptoms: Loss of consciousness or speech difficulties.
- Persistent Symptoms: Headaches or weakness that worsen over time.
Disclaimer: Each person’s journey is unique, treatment plan, life style, food habit, hormonal condition, immune system, chronic disease condition, geological location, weather and previous medical history is also unique. So always seek the best advice from a qualified medical professional or health care provider before trying any treatments to ensure to find out the best plan for you. This guide is for general information and educational purposes only. If you or someone are suffering from this disease condition bookmark this website or share with someone who might find it useful! Boost your knowledge and stay ahead in your health journey. Thank you for giving your valuable time to read the article.