Bilateral Renal Parenchymal Disease Bilateral Renal Parenchymal Disease is a medical term that may seem complex but is rather simple when broken down. The kidneys are vital organs responsible for detoxifying our body, maintaining fluid balance, and aiding in other essential body functions. Any disease that affects these crucial organs could have significant consequences on our health. One such Read More >>>>
Renal Parenchymal Disease Renal parenchymal disease is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. It is a group of different renal disorders which may include diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, interstitial renal parenchymal diseases, and polycystic kidney diseases.[rx] More than half of the patients with renal parenchymal diseases are found to have hypertension and the incidence of hypertension increases with the Read More >>>>
Male Infertility Male Infertility is usually defined as the inability of a couple to conceive even after one year of unprotected, frequent sexual intercourse.[rx] It affects about 15% of all couples in the United States and at least 180 million worldwide.[rx] Male infertility is defined as the inability of a male to make a fertile female pregnant, also for Read More >>>>
Oligospermia Oligospermia is a male fertility issue characterized by a low sperm count. Low sperm count means that the fluid (semen) you ejaculate during an orgasm contains fewer sperm than normal. A low sperm count is also called oligospermia (ol-ih-go-SPUR-me-uh). A complete absence of sperm is called azoospermia. Your sperm count is considered lower than normal Read More >>>>
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) CAH refers to a group of genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands. These glands sit on top of the kidneys and release hormones the body needs to function. CAH creates imbalances in these hormones, which cause a wide range of symptoms in infants, children, and adults. NICHD research aims to find new ways to Read More >>>>
Acute Kidney Injury – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF) is a sudden decrease in kidney function that develops within 7 days, as shown by an increase in serum creatinine or a decrease in urine output, or both.[rx] Causes of AKI are classified as either prerenal (due to decreased blood flow to the kidney), intrinsic renal (due to damage to the kidney itself), Read More >>>>
Electrolyte Balance – Anatomy, Mechanism, Functions Electrolyte balance is one of the key issues in maintaining homeostasis in the body, and it also plays important roles in protecting cellular function, tissue perfusion, and acid-base balance. Fluid and electrolyte balance must also be maintained for the management of many clinical conditions. Electrolyte imbalances are common findings in many diseases.[rx,rx] Imbalances in every Read More >>>>
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare and aggressive variant of chronic pyelonephritis. It usually occurs due to chronic nephrolithiasis and infection. The diagnosis is often confused with renal cell carcinoma, and a CT scan, as well as histology of the mass, helps to confirm the diagnosis. Since it can involve adjacent structures or organs, early diagnosis Read More >>>>
Cystinuria – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment Cystinuria is a condition characterized by the buildup of the amino acid cysteine, a building block of most proteins, in the kidneys and bladder. As the kidneys filter blood to create urine, cystine is normally absorbed back into the bloodstream. Cystine stones are due to an inherited defect in the transport of the amino acid cystine Read More >>>>
Acute Kidney Colic – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment Acute Kidney Colic/Acute renal colic is severe pain resulting from the presence of a stone in the urinary system. The stone can be present anywhere along the path between the kidneys and the urethra. Nephrolithiasis refers to kidney stones, or renal calculi, and, in conjunction with ureteral calculi, are the primary cause of acute renal Read More >>>>
Acute Renal Colic – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment Acute renal colic is severe pain resulting from the presence of a stone in the urinary system. The stone can be present anywhere along the path between the kidneys and the urethra. Nephrolithiasis refers to kidney stones, or renal calculi, and, in conjunction with ureteral calculi, are the primary cause of acute renal colic. Nephrolithiasis Read More >>>>
Acute Pyelonephritis – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection causing inflammation of the kidneys. Pyelonephritis occurs as a complication of an ascending urinary tract infection that spreads from the bladder to the kidneys. Symptoms usually include fever, flank pain, nausea, vomiting, burning with urination, increased frequency, and urgency. This activity outlines the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of Read More >>>>