Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand reality. Common symptoms include false beliefs, unclear or confused thinking, hearing voices ...
Edema also spelled oedema or edema, is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitium, located beneath the skin and in the cavities of the body, which can cause severe pain. Clinically, edema ...
Electrolytes Abnormalities means the abnormal function of body fluid that plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis within the body. They help to regulate heart and neurological function, fluid ...
Hypocalcemia, Hypoglycemia, Malignancies, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Lactic Acidosis is low calcium levels in the blood serum. Mildly low levels that develop slowly often have no symptoms. Otherwise ...
Pleural Effusion, Pulmonary Embolism, Hemoptysis, ARDS. Pulmonary embolism is the fourth leading cause of pleural effusion. The possibility of pulmonary embolus should be evaluated for all patients ...
Dysphagia, Lactic Acidosis, Hyperbilirubinemia, Renal Failure in Cirrhosis He was discharged with gastroenterology follow-up and ultimately underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy which ...
Hematology/ haematology is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood. It involves treating diseases that affect ...
Hypocalcemia / Diabetic Ketoacidosis . Hypercalcemia also spelled Hypercalcaemia is a high calcium (Ca2+) level in the blood serum. Those with a mild increase that has developed slowly typically have ...
Epileptic seizure also known as an epileptic fit is a brief episode of signs or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. The outward effect can vary from ...
Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on the skin. These electrodes detect the tiny ...
Weakness or asthenia is a symptom of a number of different conditions. The causes are many and can be divided into conditions that have true or perceived muscle weakness. True muscle weakness is a ...
Weight loss in the context of medicine, health, or physical fitness, refers to a reduction of the total body mass, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat or adipose tissue or lean mass, namely bone ...
Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe. Typically, the headaches affect one half of the head, are pulsating in nature, and last from ...
Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain. Encephalitis is an acute inflammation swelling of the brain usually resulting from either a viral infection or due to the body's own immune system ...
Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges covering the brain. It is a pathological definition. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) typically exhibits an elevated number of leucocytes (or a pleocytosis). ...
Nandrolone /Deca-Durabolin is a synthetic anabolic steroid analog of testosterone. Similar to testosterone, nortestosterone (19-Nortestosterone) binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors. ...
Adrenal Gland Function Test are conditions that interfere with the normal functioning of the adrenal glands. Adrenal disorders may cause hyperfunction or hypofunction, and may be congenital or ...
Endoscopy (looking inside) is used in medicine to look inside the body. The endoscopy procedure uses an endoscope to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body. Unlike many ...
Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a diagnostic procedure used to investigate lumps or masses. In this technique, a thin (23-25 gauge), hollow needle is inserted into the mass for a sampling of cells ...
Thyroid function tests (TFTs) is a collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid. TFTs may be requested if a patient is thought to suffer from hyperthyroidism (overactive ...
Sleep paralysis is when during awakening or falling asleep, a person is aware but unable to move or speak. During an episode, one may hear, feel, or see things that are not there. It often results ...
Anorexia is a psychological and potentially life-threatening eating disorder. Those suffering from this eating disorder are typically suffering from an extremely low body weight relative to their ...
Bipolar disorders are brain disorders that cause changes in a person’s mood, energy, and ability to function. Bipolar disorder is a category that includes three different conditions — bipolar I, ...
Vitiligo (vit-ill-EYE-go) is a disorder in which white patches of skin appear on different parts of the body. This happens because the cells that make pigment (color) in the skin are destroyed. These ...
Agitation can be defined as excessive verbal / motor behavior. It can readily escalate to aggression, which can be either verbal (vicious cursing and threats) or physical (toward objects or people). ...
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the airspaces in the lung most commonly caused by infections. Bacteria, viruses, or fungi (infrequently) can cause the infection. There are also a few noninfectious ...
Spina bifida is a birth defect where there is incomplete closing of the backbone and membranes around the spinal cord. The most common location is the lower back, but in rare cases, it may be the ...
Erb's palsy / Erb–Duchenne palsy is a form of obstetric brachial plexus palsy. It occurs when there's an injury to the brachial plexus, specifically the upper brachial plexus at birth. The injury can ...
Dementia is a broad category of brain diseases that cause a long-term and often gradual decrease in the ability to think and remember that is great enough to affect a person's daily ...
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. The symptoms generally come on slowly over time. Early in the ...
Water on the knee / Knee effusion is a general term used to describe excess fluid that accumulates in or around your knee joint. Your doctor may refer to this condition as a knee "effusion." Painful ...
Pernicious anemia (also known as Biermer’s disease) is an autoimmune atrophic gastritis, predominantly of the fundus, and is responsible for a deficiency in vitamin B12 (cobalamin) due to its ...
Leukorrhea or leucorrhoea is a thick whitish or yellowish white, sticky, foul-smelling material from the vagina is called Leucorrhoea. This common problem may occur due to unhygienic conditions, ...
Metatarsalgia literally metatarsal pain and colloquially known as a stone bruise, is any painful foot condition affecting the metatarsalregion of the foot. This is a common problem that can affect ...
Shin splints also known as medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), is defined by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons as "pain along the inner edge of the shinbone this can cause your shins a ...
Mallet finger is an injury to the thin tendon that straightens the end joint of a finger or thumb. Although it is also known as "baseball finger," this injury can happen to anyone when an unyielding ...
Thoracic outlet syndrome can be described compression of the neurovascular structures as they exit through the thoracic outlet (cervicothoracobrachial region). It is a condition in which there is ...
Serum lipid profile or lipid panel is a panel of blood tests that serves as an initial broad medical screening tool for abnormalities in lipids, such as cholesterol and triglycerides. The results of ...
RBS (Random/High blood sugar)also spelled hyperglycemia or hyperglycæmia) is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma. This is generally a blood sugar level ...
Serum creatinine is a chemical waste molecule that is generated from muscle metabolism. It is produced from creatine, a molecule of major importance for energy production in muscles. Approximately 2% ...
CRP (C-reactive protein) is an annular (ring-shaped) pentameric protein found in blood plasma, whose levels rise in response to inflammation. It is an acute-phase protein of hepatic origin that ...
ESR (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate) is a type of blood test that measures how quickly erythrocytes (red blood cells) settle at the bottom of a test tube that contains a blood sample. Normally, red ...
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries or pain in the human musculoskeletal system, including the joints, ligaments, muscles, nerves, tendons, and structures that support limbs, neck and back. ...
EMG (Electromyography) is an electrodiagnostic medicine technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. EMG is performed using an instrument called ...
Lidocaine is a local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmic agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of procaine but its duration of action ...
Anesthesia is the temporary loss of sensation or pain in one part of the body produced by a topically applied or injected agent without depressing the level of consciousness. ...
MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body in both health and disease. MRI ...
Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body. It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). TCM theory and practice are not based upon ...
Omega-3 fatty acids are considered essential fatty acids. It is called an essential fatty acid for a reason it's essential for your body to function. They are necessary for human health, but the body ...
Asthma treatment guide line accourning the NICE Guide line, Asthma UK indicated that the number of patients receiving an asthma action plan had increased since 2013, but the number of inhaler ...
Delirium is a common neuropsychiatric syndrome in the elderly. The DSM-IV-TR defines delirium as a “disturbance of consciousness and a change in cognition that develop over a short period of time. ...
Anticholesterol drug is also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are a class of lipid-lowering medications. Statins have been found to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in those ...
Anxiety is what we feel when we are worried, tense, or afraid – particularly about things that are about to happen, or which we think could happen in the future. Anxiety is a natural human response ...
Chest pain is pain in any region of the chest. Chest pain may be a symptom of a number of serious disorders and is, in general, considered a medical emergency. Chest pain can be differentiated into ...
Nausea-Vomiting is a sensation of unease and discomfort in the upper stomach with an involuntary urge to vomit. It may precede vomiting, but a person can have nausea without vomiting. When prolonged, ...
Calcium Supplement is a basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. ...
Antiasthmatic drugs are medicines that treat or prevent asthma attacks. Bronchodilators relax the smooth muscles that line the airway. This makes the airways open wider, letting more air pass through ...
Sciatica Pain Pregabalin is ineffective. The nerve pain drug pregabalin is not an effective treatment for sciatica and is associated with a significant number of side effects, researchers have ...
Neuropathic pain (NP) has been defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) as “pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system” NP is a common ...
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. Used without further specification, "blood pressure" usually refers to the pressure in large arteries of ...
Antidiabetes drugs is used in diabetes treat diabetes mellitus by lowering glucose levels in the blood. With the exceptions of insulin, exenatide, liraglutide and pramlintide, all are administered ...
Antihypertensive drugs are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensives drugs therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such ...
Antibiotic also called an antibacterial is a type of antimicrobial drug used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections.They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. A limited ...
Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome is a common clinical problem characterized by loss of appetite and weight loss or complex metabolic syndrome of involuntary weight loss associated with cancer and some ...
Ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled or noncancerous lump associated with a joint or tendon sheath. They most often occur at the back of the wrist followed by the front of the wrist. Onset is often over ...
Diabetic foot is a foot that exhibits any pathology that results directly from diabetes mellitus or any long-term (or "chronic") complication of diabetes mellitus. Due to the peripheral nerve ...
Computer vision syndrome is a group of eye and vision-related problems that result from prolonged computer, tablet, e-reader and mobile phone use. Individuals may present in pharmacies ...
Pregnancy Loss management pharmacists can play an important role in counseling women who experience early pregnancy loss. It is important for patients to know that routine activities, such as ...
Stingers also called a burner or nerve pinch injury is a neurological injury suffered by athletes, mostly in high-contact sports such as ice hockey, rugby, American football, and wrestling. ...
Dry skin or xerodermia is a condition involving the integumentary system, which in most cases can safely be treated with emollients or moisturizers. Xeroderma occurs most commonly on the scalp, ...
Health in Winter season can be busy and exciting. With so many events like family dinners, holiday parties, and the preparation and planning for gift giving, we have plenty of distractions to keep us ...
Sildenafil is a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Its effectiveness for treating sexual dysfunction in women has not been demonstrated.Common side ...
Sleeping position is associated with a state of muscle relaxation and reduced perception of environmental stimuli. Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body characterized by ...
Adhesive capsulitis (also known as frozen shoulder) is a painful and disabling disorder of unclear cause in which the shoulder capsule, the connective tissue surrounding the glenohumeral joint of the ...
Contraceptive Pill also is known as contraception and fertility control pill is a method or device used to prevent pregnancy. Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe ...
Eye disorders means the combined problems at one time or another is that someone is minor and will go away on their own, or are easy to treat at home. Others need a specialist’s care. Because it is ...
Vaginal discharge is a mixture of liquid, cells, and bacteria that lubricates and protects the vagina. This mixture is constantly produced by the cells of the vagina and cervix and it exits the body ...
Foot drop is a gait abnormality in which the dropping of the forefoot happens due to weakness, irritation or damage to the common fibular nerve including the sciatic nerve, or paralysis of the ...
Vasculitis is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation.B oth arteries and veins are affected. Lymphangitis is sometimes considered a type of vasculitis. Vasculitis is primarily ...
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition that affects millions of Americans. Overactive bladder isn't a disease. It's the name of a group of urinary symptoms. The most common symptom of OAB is ...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent difficulties in social ...
Links Between the Gut Microbiome and Arthritis . In order to understand how the gut microbiome may affect susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis, it ...
Pressure Sores also known as pressure sores, bedsores and decubitus ulcers, are localized damage to the skin and/or underlying tissue that usually occur over a bony prominence as a result of ...
Regenerative medicine is a branch of translational research in tissue engineering and molecular biology which deals with the process of replacing, engineering or regenerating human cells, tissues or ...
Dopamine among central neurotransmitters involved in the control of sexual behavior, dopamine is certainly one of the most extensively studied. Our attempt to review old and recent ...
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is the most common autoimmune disease affecting neuromuscular junction transmission. MG is characterized by muscle weakness that worsens with activity and fluctuates over the ...
Ankylosing Spondylitis (Bechterew’s disease or Marie Struempell disease as it is also known) is a form of chronic, degenerative arthritis that affects the spine and sacroiliac joints and often other ...
Cerebral Palsy is a group of neurological non-progressive/ permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood or before, during, or after birth due to brain injury or abnormal development of ...
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rapidly progressive form of muscular dystrophy that occurs primarily in boys. It is caused by an alteration (mutation) in a gene, called the DMD gene that can ...
Dandruff (pityriasis capitis, seborrheic dermatitis confined to the scalp) is a disease that has been around for centuries despite several treatment options. Dandruff should not be defined only by ...
Oxygen-Ozone Treatment for PLID, Herniated Discs (PLID) or Spinal disc herniation, also known as a slipped disc, is a medical condiervertibral dissection affecting the spine in which a tear in the ...
Are you Feel Sad, Stressed or Depressed Again? Dopamine is necessary for your happiness and well-being. It is a neurotransmitter that helps with the control of your brain’s pleasure and reward ...
Hair loss also is known as alopecia or baldness, refers to a loss of hair from part of the head or body. Typically at least the head is involved. The severity of hair loss can vary from a small area ...
Constipation refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass. The stool is often hard and dry. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if one has not ...
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread to other parts ...
Allergy also known as allergic diseases are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment. These diseases include hay ...
Stroke is a neurological deficit of cerebrovascular causes the sudden death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen, caused by blockage of blood flow or rupture of an artery to the brain. Sudden loss of ...
Hallux valgus /Bunion is a common deformity of the joint connecting the big toe to the foot. It is characterized by the first metatarsal bone deviating toward the midline of the body and the big toe ...
Your relationship with your life partner is not good? When you first met your girlfriend or wife, you probably felt you could fly. You were in seventh heaven. Those first feelings were strong, ...
White blood cells (also called leukocytes or leucocytes and abbreviated as WBCs) are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and ...
Antibiotic Resistance are medicines used to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in response to the use of these medicines.Bacteria, not humans or ...
Acne also is known as acne vulgaris is a long-term skin disease that occurs when hair follicles are clogged with dead skin cells and oil from the skin. It is characterized by blackheads or ...
Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals, thereby leading to chain reactions that may damage the cells of organisms. ...
Viagra is one of the most controversial and widely talked about pharmaceutical drugs to have hit the market in the last 30 years. The drug works well in most cases and has changed people's lives for ...
Medication Guides are paper handouts that come with many prescription medicines. The guides address issues that are specific to particular drugs and drug classes, and they contain FDA-approved ...
Achilles tendon rupture is when the Achilles tendon, at the back of the ankle, breaks. Symptoms include the sudden onset of sharp pain in the heel. A snapping sound may be heard as the tendon breaks ...
Chikungunya Fever is a viral disease transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. It can cause high fever, join and muscle pain, and headache. ...
Gastrointestinal Disorders refer to diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract, namely the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum, and the accessory organs of digestion, ...
Neuropathic pain is pain caused by damage or disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system. Neuropathic pain may be associated with abnormal sensations called dysesthesia or pain from normally ...
Keloid Scar is also known as keloid disorder and keloidal scar, is the formation of a type of scar which, depending on its maturity, is composed mainly of either type III (early) or type I ...
Drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect ...
Hypertension is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms. Long-term high blood ...
