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Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A – Z)

Persistent Fetal Circulation (PFC)

Persistent Fetal Circulation (PFC)

Persistent fetal circulation (PFC) is a medical condition where a newborn baby's circulation system doesn't switch from the fetal pattern to the normal pattern after birth. This can cause significant ...

Pneumopericardium

Pneumopericardium

Pneumopericardium might sound like a complex medical term, but it simply means air in the sac around the heart. While this condition isn't common, understanding its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and ...

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that primarily affects premature infants who have undergone prolonged mechanical ventilation or oxygen therapy shortly after birth. It ...

Traumatic Pneumomediastinum

Traumatic Pneumomediastinum

Traumatic pneumomediastinum is a condition where air leaks into the mediastinum, the area in the chest between the lungs. This can happen due to trauma or injury, leading to various symptoms and ...

Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum

Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum may sound complicated, but it's essentially a condition where air leaks into the space between the lungs. It can be frightening, but understanding its causes, symptoms, ...

What is Pneumomediastinum?

What is Pneumomediastinum?

Pneumomediastinum might sound like a complicated term, but it's essentially air trapped in the chest area. Don't worry if it sounds a bit overwhelming; we're here to break it down into simple terms. ...

Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS)

Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS)

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a condition that can happen during pregnancy when twins share a placenta. This condition affects how blood flows between the twins, causing one twin to get ...

Complete Placental Insufficiency

Complete Placental Insufficiency

Complete placental insufficiency occurs when the placenta, the organ responsible for providing nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus, fails to function adequately. This condition can lead to ...

Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis

Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disorder where a protein substance builds up in the air sacs of the lungs, making it difficult to breathe. This article aims to provide a simple ...

Idiopathic Pulmonary Haemosiderosis

Idiopathic Pulmonary Haemosiderosis

Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare condition where there is bleeding in the lungs for no known reason. This bleeding leads to the accumulation of iron-rich pigment called ...

Mediastinal Emphysema

Mediastinal Emphysema

Mediastinal emphysema might sound like a complex term, but understanding it can be straightforward. In simple terms, it refers to the presence of air or gas in the mediastinum, the space in the ...

Mediastinitis

Mediastinitis

Mediastinitis is a serious condition that involves inflammation or infection in the mediastinum, the area in the middle of the chest. It can be caused by various factors and can lead to severe ...

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