DSLR is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor. The reflex design scheme is the primary difference between a DSLR and other digital cameras. In the reflex design, light travels through the lens and then to a mirror that alternates to send the image to either the viewfinder or the image sensor. The viewfinder of a DSLR presents an image that will not differ substantially from what is captured by the camera’s sensor but presents it as a direct optical view through the lens, rather than being captured by the camera’s image sensor and displayed by a digital screen.
Design of DSLR Cameras
Like SLRs, DSLRs typically use interchangeable lenses
(1) with a proprietary lens mount. A movable mechanical mirror system
(2) is switched down (exact 45-degree angle) to direct light from the lens over a matte focusing screen
(3) opens, and the image is projected and captured on the image sensor
(4), after which actions, the shutter closes, the mirror returns to the 45-degree angle, and the built in drive mechanism re-tensions the shutter for the next exposure.
(5) via a condenser lens
(6) and a pentaprism/pentamirror
(7) to an optical viewfinder eyepiece
(8). Most of the entry-level DSLRs use a pentamirror instead of the traditional pentaprism.
Focusing can be manual, by twisting the focus on the lens; or automatic, activated by pressing half-way on the shutter release or a dedicated auto-focus (AF) button. To take an image, the mirror swings upwards in the direction of the arrow, the focal-plane shutter
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