VRT Scan Test (Volume Rendering Technique)

Clinical Applications

Purpose of resecting cervical dumbbell tumors as much as possible; Protecting the spinal cord; Protecting vertebral artery; Securing stability and flexibility of cervical vertebrae.

• MR Angiography
• MR Cholangiopancreatography
• Integrated with other 3D functionality
• Color image creation
• Color gallery of icon presets
• Additional threshold-based segmentation of 3D objects
• Volume measurements

There is no better technique other than VRT for image reconstruction to clearly visualize the feeding arteries of spinal tumors. Besides, VRT shares advantages with other techniques which ensure itself as the only choice for image reconstruction. However, other techniques assisted by VRT are preferred for obtaining more detailed information to reconstruct images of large or massive tumors cell. Furthermore, VRT has great advantages in revealing three-dimensional means of 3D contours of different structures which vitrified tumors and vertebrae by revolving and dissection for optimally detailed neurosurgical approach as well as postoperative evaluation.

Indications

VRT Scan Test(Volume Rendering Technique) image analysis included defining the three-dimensional anatomical location of the tumor, and cancerous cell, evaluating the maximum axial diameter, margin fracture, and density of the bony lesions, and assessing associate anatomical relationships of feeding arteries, vessel, capillary, and vertebral artery on the pre-contrast images and contrast-enhanced CT images. It can also help in dissecting vertebra overlapping superior and inferior borders of the spinal tumor, complete, incomplete vertebral fracture, stroke, vascular perforation in the brain, separating and protecting peripheral vessels around the tumor, as well as a resecting tumor for revealing intratumoral vessels to achieve maximal resection 3D image of the tumor and minimal damage to the spinal cord.

Thoraco‐abdominal aorta

• Diagnosis of congenital and degenerative aortic diseases
• Assessment of acute aortic injuries and dissections
• Evaluation of visceral arteries (coeliac, superior mesenteric, and renal arteries)
• Preoperative planning and follow up
• Tumor staging and surgical planning

Renal arteries

• Assessment of anatomy for donor transplants
• Diagnosis of renal artery stenosis in hypertensives or deteriorating renal function
• Assessment of renal arteries post‐intervention (renal artery stenting)

Peripheral arterial system

• Assessment of peripheral vascular disease
• Assessment of bypass grafts

Carotid/intracranial circulation

• Characterization of the atherosclerotic disease
• Assessment of aortic arch vessels
• Verification of internal carotid artery stenosis
• Preoperative planning of endovascular and surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms and vascular malformations

Cardiac imaging

• Atypical chest pain
• Patients with intermediate-risk
• Young patients with a high risk for coronary disease
• Coronary artery anomalies
• Non‐invasive follow‐up following percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting
• Assessment of myocardial scars, aneurysms, tumors, and thrombi
• Assessment of coronary artery bypass grafts
• Assessment of the pulmonary veins before and following radiofrequency ablation

Bone and spine

• Intraspinal or intervertebral foramen cervical dumbbell tumors,
• tumors beyond the intervertebral foramen
• Spinous process, supraspinal and interspinous ligament,
• The contralateral paravertebral muscle thus
• Investigate stability and flexibility problems of cervical vertebrae and
• alleviates cervical stiffness.
• Reveals the contour of the tumor as well as compression upon the spinal cord, the extent of spinal edema as well as mutual relationships among the tumor, dura mater, and nerve root [rx,rx].
• At the same time, VRT is conducive to analyzing tumors at different levels for intratumoral vascular route and evaluating infliction and erosion extent of vessels thus assessing neurosurgical difficulties and risks.
• Owing to its high resolution based on the reconstruction thickness at the sub-millimeter level,
• VRT formulates images from different perspectives for locating vertebral artery, confirming vascular route and compression degree as well as visualizing peripheral vessels around the tumor.
• sparing nerve roots: nerve roots above the tumor or enwrapped by the tumor could be dissected and protected, while nerve roots coursing through the tumor should be resected due to their involvement in the tumor original.