Telangiectasia

Dr. Harun Ar Rashid, MD - Arthritis, Bones, Joints Pain, Trauma, and Internal Medicine Specialist Dr. Harun Ar Rashid, MD - Arthritis, Bones, Joints Pain, Trauma, and Internal Medicine Specialist
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Rx Dermatology (A-Z)

Telangiectasia refers to small, dilated blood vessels that can be seen near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. They can be caused by various factors and can result in a variety of symptoms.

Types of Telangiectasia:

  1. Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT): A genetic disorder causing blood vessels to form incorrectly.
  2. Ataxia-Telangiectasia: A rare inherited condition causing neurological problems and increased risk of infections.
  3. Spider Telangiectasia: Looks like a spider, commonly found in pregnant women or those with liver diseases.
  4. Unilateral Nevoid Telangiectasia: Appears on one side of the body.
  5. Generalized Essential Telangiectasia: Occurs without any clear cause.

Causes of Telangiectasia:

  1. Genetic mutations (e.g., in HHT)
  2. Aging
  3. Sun exposure
  4. Rosacea (skin condition)
  5. Alcohol consumption
  6. Pregnancy
  7. Liver diseases
  8. Radiation exposure
  9. Certain medications
  10. Trauma or injury to the skin
  11. Autoimmune diseases
  12. Chronic venous insufficiency
  13. Hormonal changes
  14. Infections
  15. Chronic steroid use
  16. Connective tissue diseases
  17. Surgery or skin procedures
  18. High altitude
  19. Certain systemic diseases like scleroderma
  20. Smoking

Symptoms of Telangiectasia:

  1. Visible red or blue vessel patterns on skin.
  2. Nosebleeds (common in HHT).
  3. Facial redness.
  4. Shortness of breath (if blood vessels affect the lungs).
  5. Digestive bleeding.
  6. Fatigue.
  7. Brain abscesses (in HHT cases).
  8. Skin discoloration.
  9. Movement problems (in Ataxia-Telangiectasia).
  10. Recurrent infections (in Ataxia-Telangiectasia).
  11. Vision problems.
  12. Swelling.
  13. Pain at affected site.
  14. Skin ulcers.
  15. Loss of coordination.
  16. Sensitivity to sun.
  17. Dizziness or fainting.
  18. Coughing up blood.
  19. Enlarged liver.
  20. Memory problems.

Diagnostic Tests for Telangiectasia:

  1. Physical Examination: To check for visible blood vessels.
  2. Genetic Testing: For hereditary types.
  3. Blood Tests: To rule out liver diseases or other conditions.
  4. MRI or CT Scans: For suspected lung or brain involvement.
  5. Endoscopy: To check for vessel malformations in the gut.
  6. Pulse Oximetry: Measures oxygen in blood.
  7. Liver Function Tests.
  8. Chest X-ray.
  9. Biopsy: A small skin tissue sample for analysis.
  10. Angiography: Using dye to view blood vessels.
  11. Ultrasound.
  12. Echocardiogram: For heart issues.
  13. Lung Function Tests.
  14. Immune System Evaluation: For Ataxia-Telangiectasia.
  15. Skin Prick Test: For allergy-related causes.
  16. Slit-Lamp Examination: For eyes.
  17. Neurological Assessment.
  18. Urine Tests.
  19. Electromyography: For muscle function.
  20. Dermoscopy: Enhanced skin examination.

Treatments for Telangiectasia:

  1. Laser Therapy: Targets and removes blood vessels.
  2. Sclerotherapy: Injecting solution to collapse the vessel.
  3. Electrocautery: Using electrical current.
  4. Freezing/Cryotherapy.
  5. Surgery: For severe cases.
  6. Compression Stockings: For leg-related cases.
  7. Antibiotics: For infections.
  8. Blood Transfusions: For severe bleeding.
  9. Embolization: Blocks abnormal vessels.
  10. Avoiding triggers: Like alcohol or sun.
  11. Skin creams: To reduce redness.
  12. SPF creams: Protection against sun.
  13. Anti-inflammatory medications.
  14. Pain relievers.
  15. Estrogen therapy: For hormone-related cases.
  16. Dietary changes: Low iron for HHT patients.
  17. Oxygen therapy.
  18. Physiotherapy: For mobility issues.
  19. Counseling: For genetic implications.
  20. Antioxidants.
  21. Cosmetic camouflage.
  22. Lifestyle modifications: No smoking.
  23. Support groups.
  24. Steroid creams.
  25. Antihistamines: For itchiness.
  26. Hormonal treatments.
  27. Avoiding certain medications.
  28. Vitamin C and E supplementation.
  29. Moisturizers.
  30. Regular medical check-ups.

Drugs for Telangiectasia:

  1. Timolol: Reduces redness.
  2. Brimonidine: For facial redness.
  3. Ranibizumab: For eye involvement.
  4. Tranexamic Acid: Reduces bleeding.
  5. Estrogens: For hormonal issues.
  6. Anti-inflammatory drugs.
  7. Topical steroids.
  8. Isotretinoin: For rosacea.
  9. Propranolol: Reduces redness.
  10. Antibiotics: For infections.
  11. Azelaic Acid: For skin redness.
  12. Metronidazole: For rosacea.
  13. Doxycycline: Antibiotic for skin issues.
  14. Nadolol.
  15. Bevacizumab: For eye problems.
  16. Amlodipine: For vascular issues.
  17. Thalidomide: Reduces nosebleeds in HHT.
  18. Anti-seizure medications: For Ataxia-Telangiectasia.
  19. Antihistamines.
  20. Clonidine: For redness.

Conclusion:

Telangiectasia is a condition characterized by the appearance of small, dilated blood vessels. Its causes, symptoms, and treatments are diverse, depending on its type and underlying conditions. Regular check-ups, early detection, and personalized treatment can help manage and alleviate many of the symptoms.

 

Disclaimer: Each person’s journey is unique, always seek the advice of a medical professional before trying any treatments to ensure to find the best plan for you. This guide is for general information and educational purposes only. If you or someone are suffering from this disease condition bookmark this page or share with someone who might find it useful! Boost your knowledge and stay ahead in your health journey. Thank you for giving your valuable time to read the article.

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  2. https://www.aad.org/about/burden-of-skin-disease
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  4. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/skin/default.html
  5. https://www.skincancer.org/
  6. https://www.jaad.org/
  7. https://www.psoriasis.org/about-psoriasis/
  8. https://books.google.com/books?
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  11. https://www.fda.gov/files/drugs/published/Acute-Bacterial-Skin-and-Skin-Structure-Infections—Developing-Drugs-for-Treatment.pdf
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  15. https://aafa.org/allergies/allergy-symptoms/skin-allergies/
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  21. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition
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  25. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health
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  27. https://www.aarda.org/diseaselist/
  28. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets
  29. https://www.nibib.nih.gov/
  30. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/topics
  31. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/
  32. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics
  33. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/
  34. https://www.niehs.nih.gov
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