Rx Endocrinology, Enzymes and Hormonal Diseases (A – Z)
Hormones and enzymes are distinct biological substances with different functions: hormones are chemical messengers released by endocrine glands to regulate various bodily processes by traveling through the bloodstream, while enzymes are protein catalysts produced by glands to speed up specific chemical reactions, often working at their site of production or within a duct system. The term “endocrine enzymes” is a misnomer; enzymes are catalysts, and hormones are chemical messengers, although some endocrine glands, like the pancreas, also produce exocrine enzymes for digestion in addition to endocrine hormones like insulin and glucagon.
A hormonal tumor is a growth that makes and releases extra hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers. They are made by glands like the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, ...
Excessive serotonin secretion means the body has too much serotonin in the wrong place or at the wrong time. Serotonin is a natural chemical that helps nerves communicate and also affects the gut and ...
Choreoathetosis with congenital hypothyroidism and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome this triad sits on the spectrum of NKX2-1–related disorders, sometimes nicknamed brain–lung–thyroid (BLT) ...
Choreoathetosis and congenital hypothyroidism with pulmonary dysfunction also call it brain–lung–thyroid (BLT) syndrome or an NKX2-1–related disorder, because it is usually caused by a harmful change ...
Brain-Lung-Thyroid syndrome is a rare genetic condition that can affect the brain (movement control and development), the lungs (breathing), and the thyroid gland (hormone production). The main ...
Bangstad syndrome is a very rare inherited disorder. It affects growth, movement, hormones, and several body systems from birth. Babies are usually small before birth and remain small after birth. ...
Ataxia–diabetes–goiter–gonadal insufficiency syndrome—better known as Bangstad syndrome—is an extremely rare, inherited disorder first described in 1989. It combines problems with movement and ...
Hypothyroidism and cleft palate syndrome is a rare genetic condition in which a baby is born with an under-active or missing thyroid gland (congenital hypothyroidism) and a cleft in the roof of the ...
This condition is a genetic syndrome. Babies are born without a thyroid gland or with a very tiny thyroid (so they have congenital hypothyroidism). They also have a cleft palate (a split or opening ...
Familial infantile hypercalcemia (FIH) is a rare, inherited problem where a baby or young child has too much calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) even though the parathyroid hormone (PTH) level is ...
Autosomal recessive hyperinsulinism due to SUR1 deficiency is a rare genetic condition that starts at birth or soon after. The pancreas makes too much insulin even when blood sugar is low. Insulin ...
ABCC8-related congenital hyperinsulinism is a genetic condition where the pancreas makes too much insulin even when blood sugar is low. The extra insulin pushes sugar from the blood into body cells ...
Autosomal recessive hyperinsulinism due to SUR1 deficiency is a rare genetic condition in which the pancreas makes too much insulin even when blood sugar is already low. “Autosomal recessive” means a ...
Autosomal-recessive hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia from Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder where the beta-cells of the pancreas release too much insulin even when blood sugar is ...
KCNJ11-related congenital hyperinsulinism is a rare condition where a baby’s pancreas releases too much insulin. Insulin lowers blood sugar. When insulin is released in excess, a baby’s blood sugar ...
Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is a group of rare conditions where the body makes aldosterone normally (often in high amounts) but kidney or other tissues do not respond to it. Because the signal is ...
