The ability to communicate effectively with superiors, colleagues, and staff is essential, no matter what industry you work in. Workers in the digital age must know how to effectively convey and receive messages in person as well as via phone, email, and social media.
Can you recall a really good conversation you’ve had?
What was memorable about it?
Was it the topic, the words, or just a feeling it left you with?
Maya Angelou said,
“People will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel.”
Gallo, 2014
This quote describes the essence of positive communication. Besides leaving an impression on the listener, positive communication provides health and wellness benefits for the speaker (Pitts & Socha, 2013).
Positive communication also “yields the potential to inspire people to achieve higher moments, greater good, and to act selflessly” (Pitts & Socha, 2013, p. 3).
Let’s take a closer look at positive communication.
What Is Positive Communication?
Dale Carnegie (1998, p. 137) stated, “if you would win a man to your cause, first convince him that you are his sincere friend. Therein is a drop of honey that catches his heart.”
Positive communication “is not defined as the absence of negative verbal and nonverbal communication, but rather the presence of positive, enhancing, and facilitative talk and gestures” (Pitts & Socha, 2013, p. 1).
“Positive communication is unique in its ability to generate physical, social, and psychological health and wellness” (Pitts & Socha, 2013, p. 3). It is conceptualized as a “relational communication facilitative of happiness, health, and wellness” (Pitts & Socha, 2013, p. 1).
Positive communication incorporates many of the concepts associated with positive psychology. Three of these concepts help create the structure from which to build the study of positive communication (Pitts & Socha, 2013):
1. Positive emotions
This includes emotions such as contentment, well-being, and satisfaction about past experiences; flow, ecstasy, and happiness in the present; and hope and optimism about the future.
2. Positive traits
This domain offers information on individual strengths and virtues and extends to talents and natural abilities.
Traits such as resilience, forgiveness, optimism, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and hope contribute to the individual’s wholeness bank, formulating a well from which to cull the resources needed to build healthy communication skills. These traits offer strength in tough times and various situations.
3. Positive institutions
The final lens through which we analyze positive communication is through the study of positive institutions and communities. This includes places of work and leisure but also encompasses abstract entities such as family, democracy, and the free press.
Woven together, these concepts provide a foundation for the art of positive communication.
The potential for positive communication to foster relational well-being is palpable through transformational interactions such as forgiveness and listening (Pitts & Socha, 2013).
Why Is Good Communication Important?
When we interact with a person who makes us feel loved or supported, oxytocin is released.
Building trust and creating social bonds also release oxytocin (Breuning, 2012).
This may explain why people are willing to work hard on communication, even when it’s difficult. When done skillfully, we are rewarded with a flood of happy hormones.
Speaking and listening are basic communication skills used daily that build connections with others. These skills help us process language so that we can interact with people.
“When we use these tools well, they help us create wonderful, growing, lasting relationships” (Leal, 2017, p. 15).
Bolton (1986, p. 7) calls our ability to communicate well a matter of life or death: “Our personality development and mental and physical health are linked to the caliber of our communication.”
Conversely, both Leal and Bolton lend their perspectives on the outcomes of poor communication skills.
Leal (2017) discusses the painful consequences the lack of communication skills produces, such as fractured marriages, familial alienation, and workplace chaos.
Bolton (1986, p. 7) goes deeper, discussing how the lack of communication skills or frequent exposure to poor communication techniques “diminishes one’s selfhood both emotionally and physically.” He states that “low-level communication leads to loneliness and distance from friends, lovers, spouses, and children–as well as ineffectiveness at work” (Bolton, 1986, p. 13).
Positive communication “allows for a focus on what makes people feel good, what drives people to invest in good health behaviors, and what motivates people to live fully within the parameters of their personal health and life stories” (Pitts & Socha, 2013, p. 3).
People in large networks and close relationships tend to be healthier, happier, and live longer than those in isolation or with negative relationships (Pitts & Socha, 2013).
Having provided a robust foundation for the importance of good communication, let’s move forward to investigate specific skills.
Positive Communication Skills: 3 Examples
Below are both verbal and nonverbal examples of positive communication that can enhance closeness and generate health and well-being.
Verbal positive communication
Listening
It’s not just about listening but listening deeply and fully. According to Newberg and Waldman (2012, p. 142), you must “train your mind to stay focused on the person who is speaking: their words, tone, gestures, facial cues–everything.”
Further, being fully listened to and understood is the most commonly cited communication value signifying depth in a relationship.
Pitts and Socha (2013) suggest that most people don’t have someone who will listen to them without judging them. They discuss a level of listening to they call ‘listening between the lines,’ which is intuitive listening that includes listening for feelings, energy level, and tone of voice.
The next tool is closely related to listening.
Empathy
Empathy is essential when engaging in positive communication. Being able to demonstrate empathy appropriately is vital – relationship gold.
Skills that enhance empathic listening include (Leal, 2017):
- Quiet your mind to focus on the person speaking.
- Listen to them fully and openly.
- Listen through the words.
- Avoid interrupting them when they’re speaking.
- Use your own words to reflect on what you heard them say, including the emotional content of the message.
Nonverbal positive communication
Positive communication is identified by “the presence of positive, enhancing, and facilitative talk and gestures” (Pitts & Socha, 2013, p. 1).
When in conversation, it’s often easy to detect the commitment and interest someone has through nonverbal involvement behaviors, which are actions indicating our interest and excitement (Remland, 2009). This can be shown through eye contact, body and facial orientation, leaning toward, close distance, open body positions, and touch.
Other nonverbal cues that show involvement include facial and vocal expressiveness and relaxed laughter. Relaxation of the voice and posture and absence of nervous mannerisms can be included in this cluster of behaviors (Remland, 2009).
These nonverbal cues, along with positive reinforcers such as head nodding and smiling, high vocal energy, speech fluidity, and illustrative gestures (Remland, 2009) signal to the speaker that we are committed and interested in what they have to say.
Top 10 Skills for Effective Communication you need to know about:
Below specified are the Top 10 Skills for Effective Communication.
1. Be an attentive listener
Listening is one of the essential elements of effective communication. People who are active or engaged listeners understand things in more detail. It means that active listeners understand what the user is trying to say, even if the speaker is not highly effective.
Sometimes people, particularly in the workplace, do not listen to what other people say. They ignore it or do not listen with full attention. All this causes valuable information to be misplaced and reduces the essence that you need for effective communication.
Furthermore, being an active listener also helps you identify the current mood of a speaker, and the intentions behind it. Hence, for effective communication, build a deeper connection. And build trust within your team members, it is crucial to be an attentive listener.
How to be an attentive listener?
To be an attentive listener, make proper eye contact with the speaker, and focus on his or her expression and the words. In case of any confusion, you can ask numerous questions. But make sure to do this after the conversation is over, as interrupting for your benefit is not recommended. Moreover, be attentive and have a proper body posture to practice active listening.
2. Be concrete and clear
Another skill that you should learn to be an effective communicator is to be precise and unambiguous with your message. If you are a person that tells the whole background story that is unauthentic and without any proof to explain your things, then you are not an effective communicator.
However, if you are specific with your message, your audience can comprehend you better. Being concrete with your message also means providing explicit details about the information you are delivering, including facts and figures.
Furthermore, you should be clear with your message as well. You want your message to be well-defined and clear so others can understand you better in a short time. The clarity in a message is vital as it ensures that every member of the work team can understand you without any inconvenience. To be clear in your speech, use simple vocabulary, use active voice, and be clear about your objectives.
3. Non-verbal communication is the key
Your body language plays a vital role for you to be an effective communicator. Words are important but what is more important is your tone, eye contact, facial expressions, and hand gestures. Hand gestures while communicating represent that you are confident and courageous. Hence, it allows the person you are speaking with to pay attention to you and actually listen to what you are saying.
Using non-verbal communication while speaking helps build a stronger relationship with others, and deliver your message more conveniently and effectively. To improve your non-verbal communication, learn about different hand gestures, tones, and stances. Also, make sure to pay attention to other people’s body language to interpret the message better.
It is surely one of very important Top 10 Skills for Effective Communication. You can’t ignore this.
4. Be relaxed
Stress and anxiety can ruin your communication and discourage you. Both these things can cause you to be an ineffective communicator. To communicate effectively, you should relax and be stress-free. Stress causes you to choose the wrong sets of words. It makes it harder for your audience to understand you.
Also, remaining calm and stress-free during a conversation helps you understand the nature of the conversation in a better way. Plus, it helps you choose between fight and flight mode. Fight and flight here mean to reply or stay quiet depending on the situation.
In addition, being relaxed also ensures that you make decisions that you no longer regret in the future and avoid numerous complications. Hence, to communicate effectively, it is recommended to stay calm.
5. Inform
To be an effective communicator, you should inform your audience about what your conversation would be about. It would help your audience to have a general idea about the conversation. Furthermore, it would also allow them to grasp the knowledge easily. Other than that, you should also inform your audience about the key features or points that they should listen to and keep in mind during the conversation.
Informing others about what the conversation is about prepares your audience, and helps them take the necessary action needed to comprehend you. You should also explain your points in detail to your audience, as not all your audience might have the same informative background as you. Explaining your ideas and thoughts in detail helps numerous groups in the audience, which allows you to be an effective communicator.
6. Be visual
Representing the information that you want to display in front of your audience in a visual form helps them to remember it for a long time. It is embedded in human psychology, that the information that we process information a lot faster than is expressed in the form of pictures. According to a study, humans have an enhanced ability to interpret and remember pictures for an extended period.
According to the same study, it was concluded that we do not remember words for a longer time as compared to pictures. Hence, to be an effective communicator, you must be able to make your points understood to your audience, and to do this, it is advised to choose the right info delivering strategies like visual communication. Visual communication means representing the information through charts, maps, images, and graphs.
7. Show empathy
Showing empathy means showing understanding. There are times when your statement or opinions contradict other members or members of the team. But in a situation like this, you should not be angry or frustrated. Instead, you should respect their opinion and admire their courage. Think of it as a healthy competition.
To show exceeding levels of understanding and make sure that other people consider you as a competitive communicator, make sure to use statements like “I know what you are trying to say, but….”, or “Sorry, but I think….” Statements like these would help others to know that you were paying attention to their views and would boost their morale.
8. Completeness
Completeness means completing your sentences while communicating. Sometimes you may notice that people start a sentence. But after a short, while they get so confused, they start explaining other points leaving the first one. Hence, all this creates utmost confusion and does not help with effective communication.
To communicate effectively, you must completely explain the first point in detail, then move to the next one. Also, make sure that you move in a sequence while explaining your points, and there must be a connection and logical deduction within the sentences.
Furthermore, it is also crucial if you are replying to someone, as completeness makes numerous things in conversation easy and structured. Hence, if you want to be an effective communicator, make sure to develop this skill.
9. Give and Receive Feedback
Giving and receiving feedback is essential and one of the core skills for effective communication. Giving feedbacks encourages a person, and similarly receiving a couple helps you to view and improve your weak points.
You might not get all the feedback stating how good of a person you are. Sometimes they may be tough to read, but you must act positively on them to be a better communicator. Also, try to understand the problems that are causing people to give the feedback they are giving. You can also ask the senders about what it means if you cannot comprehend the feedback well.
10. Utilize your time insensible manner
To effectively communicate in a workplace or your profession, you must know your team members. So, do not waste the precious time that you get during coffee or lunch break in just sitting alone and eating. Make sure to utilize that time to know more about your colleagues to have a better understanding of them.
9 Techniques to Foster Positive Communication
One approach used to teach positive communication skills is the relationship enhancement (RE) approach, which focuses on conversation sharing, conflict resolution skills, and effective self- and other-changing techniques for enriching relationships (Pitts & Socha, 2013).
The method can be used to help clients express themselves, respond to the attitudes and needs of others, manage interpersonal issues skillfully, and solve problems promptly (Pitts & Socha, 2013).
To accomplish these relational milestones, the RE approach (Pitts & Socha, 2013, pp. 150–151) encourages the study and practice of skills, such as:
- Empathic (listening)
- Expressive (speaking)
- Discussion–negotiation (conversing)
- Problem–conflict resolution
- Self-change
- Helping others change
- Teaching or facilitation
- Generalization
- Maintenance skills
Although all these skills are important to the practical application of positive communication, we discuss only a few here:
Empathic listening
When listening, it’s paramount to focus all your attention on the other person and demonstrate appropriate nonverbal mannerisms. This is also a good time to focus on emotions, perceptions, needs, or wants (Pitts & Socha, 2013).
Leal (2017) believes preparation for empathic listening starts with empathic awareness:
- Recognize the inherent value and dignity of yourself and the other person.
- Foster a desire to want to listen and relate to the other person.
- Think of the other person in a positive light.
Humility resides in these components.
Expressive Speaking
Pitts and Socha (2013) recommend responding empathically to the other person before expressing your wants, needs, or feelings. Further, using assertive statements when sharing your perceptions, needs, wants, or feelings enable communication transparency and build trust.
Newberg and Waldman (2012, p. 123) discuss compassionate communication and list strategies they believe should be adhered to consistently. They include:
- Express appreciation.
- Speak warmly.
- Speak slowly.
- Speak briefly.
- Listen deeply.
Discussion–negotiation conversation
Again, it’s important to express empathy first, take turns in the conversation, and view each other as conversational partners.
Problem–conflict resolution
Use the conversational skills previously detailed to discuss interpersonal needs and issues to arrive at an equitable, agreed-upon plan.
Best Strategies for Workplace Communication
According to Pitts and Socha (2013, p. 208), “employee wellbeing is in the best interest of the employer.” Further, one of the main contributors to the well-being of employees is their capacity for effective communication.
Many organizations require interpersonal and team communication for organizational efficiency and effectiveness.
Goleman (1998) provides solid strategies for positive workplace communication using the context of emotional intelligence skills.
Employees with the following skills provide unique value in the workplace.
- Emotional awareness
This person knows what they’re feeling and can explain why they are experiencing the emotion. They are also aware of their goals and values. - Self-control
Self-controlled employees can manage their inappropriate impulses. They stay composed and can think clearly under pressure, which is invaluable when crucial incidents occur. - Trustworthiness
This team member is steady and above reproach. Trustworthiness is one of the most important factors for building bonds and effective teams. - Understanding others
This interpersonal skill is essential for positive communication. Individuals with this skill are adept at reading nonverbal cues, sensitive to others, and good listeners. They can understand what others are feeling and need. - Communication
This person handles difficult conversations straightforwardly. They seek mutual understanding and foster open communication. This role is essential for great teams. - Conflict management
The employee who is adept at conflict management uses diplomacy in difficult times, encourages open discussion, and seeks mutually satisfying agreements. - Building bonds
The person able to build bonds on a team is skilled in creating rapport and keeping people in the loop. - Collaboration and cooperation
This employee can balance working on a task while focusing on relationships. They are friendly and cooperative and dispense needed information and resources. - Team capabilities
This coworker exhibits team qualities such as respect and cooperation. They can motivate and generate enthusiasm among team members. They help build team identity.
3 Useful Activities and Worksheets
How we approach interactions with others can determine relationship success or failure.
1. Consider Your Intentions
This Consider Your Intentions worksheet invites clients to prepare for successful communication by considering their intentions before they begin the interaction. The worksheet was originally designed for family interactions but can be generalized to fit any crucial communication setting.
Clients are first prompted to consider their objective for the interaction. Does the client truly want to connect with the other or do they want to get their way? Although these questions can seem brazen, it provides an excellent self-reflection opportunity.
If the intention is to connect with the other, the client is prompted to continue. They are then asked to consider what they are seeking in the relationship and what successful interactions would entail.
However, if the client is only seeking to get their way, they are not prepared to connect with the other person. At this point, they may want to delve deeper into the relationship dynamics and consider their best options going forward.
2. Active Constructive Responding
The Active Constructive Responding worksheet reviews four types of responses we give when hearing the good news of others.
The four styles are passive-destructive, passive-constructive, active-destructive, and active-constructive. Examples of each of the styles are provided. Clients are asked to review the styles and reflect on which style they use in different relationships.
Responding to the other person’s good news using the active-constructive response style represents the ideal and shows components of positive communication outlined in this article.
3. Active Listening Reflection
The Active Listening Reflection Worksheet begins by teaching appropriate active listening and responding skills such as encouraging, reflecting, and paraphrasing. This is followed by an explanation of the four golden rules of communication.
The worksheet moves on to a reflection exercise asking participants to review which skills they used, which worked well, and which did not. In the follow-up, participants are asked to consider which unused skill they can incorporate in their next conversation.
Finally, participants are asked to decide if they met conversational objectives, such as effective silence or being nonjudgmental when listening.
Resources
Positive communication has a strong relationship with positive psychology. On our blog, we have numerous resources that can assist with improving communication techniques.
Assertive communication
Assertive communication is one of the most efficient and clear ways to communicate in a way that benefits both parties. The Assertive Communication worksheet helps clients find the balance between passive, aggressive, and assertive communication.
The worksheet has two parts. Part one provides examples of aggressive, assertive, and passive communication.
Part two provides a scenario that some people would find difficult to respond to. Participants are asked to provide an assertive response and describe the feelings associated with the situation.
Wants Into Words
The Wants Into Words exercise simplifies the skills needed for assertive communication. Participants can prepare a situation when they will need to express a direct need or want to another person.
The worksheet breaks the assertive statement into specific components of a want or need and then participants weave together each of the separate components for a whole and concise assertive statement.
Practicing Empathic Listening
The following group exercise is available as part of a subscription to the Positive Psychology Toolkit© which has over 400 tools, exercises, and worksheets.
Being a skilled, empathic listener is crucial to positive communication. One goal of empathic listening is ensuring the speaker feels and understands they are being heard. The Practicing Empathic Listening exercise emphasizes three components of this skill: pausing, paraphrasing, and reflecting feelings.
The exercise begins with an overview of the key ingredients of empathic listening. Participants are then divided into roles. Each participant is asked to take a turn being each of three roles: interviewer, speaker, and observer. Each role has a specific duty. Participants can practice pausing, paraphrasing, and reflecting on feelings.
Once each participant has walked through the roles, they are asked to provide feedback for the larger group. This exercise can take between 30 and 60 minutes to complete in a group.
17 Positive communication exercises
If you’re looking for more science-based ways to help others communicate better, check out this collection of 17 validated positive communication tools for practitioners. Use them to help others improve their communication skills and form deeper and more positive relationships.
A Take-Home Message
Dale Carnegie (1998, p. 52), once said, “You can make more friends in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get other people interested in you.”
Connecting with others is crucial for health and well-being. Great relationships through great conversation provide physical and mental benefits and leave us feeling good through the release of happy chemicals. This leaves an impression – the kind Maya Angelou spoke of.
Each of us has the potential to become great communicators, connecting deeply with others and enhancing our well-being.
