wineberry/Rubus phoenicolasius (Japanese wineberry, wine raspberry, wineberry or dewberry) is an Asian species of raspberry (Rubus subgenus Idaeobatus) in the rose family, native to China, Japan, and Korea. The species was introduced to Europe and North America as an ornamental plant and for its potential in breeding hybrid raspberries. It has subsequently escaped from cultivation and become naturalized in parts of Europe and North America.[rx][rx][]
| Wineberry Quick Facts | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Wineberry |
| Scientific Name: | Rubus phoenicolasius |
| Origin | Eastern Asia including China, Japan, and Korea |
| Colors | Green to yellow to orange-red, they are bright and shiny when matured |
| Shapes | Juicy and bright clusters of drupelets about 1 cm in diameter |
| Taste | Sour |
| Health benefits | Good for Weight Loss, Skin health, Cancer, fevers, coughs, common cold, heart and liver health |
Rubus phoenicolasius popularly known as Japanese Wineberry or wineberry is an Asian species of raspberry in the rose family Rosaceae. It is in the genus Rubus, which also consists of blackberry and raspberry. The name Rubus phoenicolasius is translated as blackberry with purple hairs. The plant is native to eastern Asia including China, Japan, and Korea, and has been introduced into parts of North America and Europe. The species was introduced to Europe and North America as an ornamental plant and for its potential in breeding hybrid raspberries. It has subsequently escaped from cultivation and become naturalized in parts of Europe and North America. Japanese Wineberry, Dairy bramble, Purple-leaf blackberry, Wine raspberry, Wineberry, and purple-hair bramble are a few of the popular common names of the plant.
Wineberry Facts
| Name | Wineberry |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Rubus phoenicolasius |
| Native | Eastern Asia including China, Japan, and Korea and has been introduced into parts of North America and Europe |
| Common Names | Japanese Wineberry, Hairy bramble, Purple-leaf blackberry, Wine raspberry, Wineberry, purple-hair bramble |
| Name in Other Languages | Chinese: Duo xian xuan gou zi (多腺悬钩子) Czech: Ostružník japonský Dutch: Japanse wijnbes, japanse braam Danish: Vin-brombær English: Japanese Wineberry, Hairy bramble, Purple-leaf blackberry, Wine raspberry, Wineberry, purple-hair bramble Esperanto: Japana vinbero Finnish: Japaninvatukka French: Framboisier du japon German: Japanische Weinbeere, Rotborstige Brombeere, Rotborstige Himbeere, rotborstige Himbeere, Weinhimbeere Hungarian: Vörösbolyhú málna, japán szeder Italian: Lampone del Giappone Japanese: Ebigaraichigo (エビガライチゴ), Urajiroichigo (ウラジロイチゴ) Russian: Malina purpurnoplodnaya (Малина пурпурноплодная), malina yaponskaya (малина японская) Slovak: Japonský černica Slovene: Rdečeščetinava robida Swedish: Vinhallon, Rödborstigt björnbär Welsh: Llwyn wear gwin |
| Plant Growth Habit | Perennial, deciduous, thicket-forming shrub |
| Growing Climates | Waste places, clearings in lowland, mountains, roadsides, montane valleys, forest, fields, stream banks, wetland edges, open woods, wood, riparian areas, savannas, prairies, and fields, early- to the mid-successional forest, floodplain forest, herbaceous and shrub wetland, wet meadows, riparian corridors, open disturbed areas, burned areas, trail sides, ditches, vacant lots |
| Soil | Grows well in sandy, loamy, and clay soils and prefers moist, well-drained soil. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil |
| Plant Size | 9 feet high by 3 feet 3 inches wide at a medium rate |
| Stem | Upright and arching, densely haired with scattered prickles, hairs reddish-purple and glandular, green become red with maturity, arching canes root at tip |
| Leaf | Leaves are compound and consist of 3 serrated, blunt-tipped leaflets with purple veins that are densely white-tomentose underneath. Petioles are densely hairy. The terminal leaflet is 1.6 to 3.9 inches (4-10 cm) long and about as wide. Lateral leaflets are 1.0 to 3.1 inches (2.5-8.0 cm) long. |
| Flowering season | June to July |
| Flower | Flowers are produced in late spring on short, very bristly racemes on the tips of these side shoots, each flower 6–10 mm diameter with five purplish red to pink petals and a bristly calyx. |
| Fruit Shape & Size | Juicy and bright clusters of drupelets about 1 cm in diameter |
| Fruit Color | Green to yellow to orange-red, they are bright and shiny when matured |
| Seed | Numerous seeds that are 0.1 to 0.2 inches (2-4 mm) long |
| Propagation | By seed and root nodes |
| Taste | Sour |
| Plant Parts Used | Berries |
| Season | August to September |
| Culinary Uses |
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| Other Facts |
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Wineberry Scientific Classification
Scientific Name: Rubus phoenicolasius
| Rank | Scientific Name & (Common Name) |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae (Plants) |
| Subkingdom | Tracheobionta (Vascular plants) |
| Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants) |
| Superdivision | Spermatophyta (Seed plants) |
| Division | Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants) |
| Sub Division | Spermatophytina (spermatophytes, seed plants, phanérogames) |
| Class | Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons) |
| Subclass | Rosidae |
| Super Order | Rosanae |
| Order | Rosales |
| Family | Rosaceae (Rose family) |
| Genus | Rubus L. (blackberry) |
| Species | Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim. (wine raspberry) |
| Synonyms |
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Plant Description
Wineberry is a perennial, deciduous, thicket-forming shrub that normally grows about 9 feet tall and 3 feet 3 inches wide at a medium rate. The plant is found growing in waste places, clearings in lowland, mountains, roadsides, montane valleys, forest, fields, stream banks, wetland edges, open woods, wood, riparian areas, savannas, prairies, and fields, early- to the mid-successional forest, floodplain forest, herbaceous and shrub wetland, wet meadows, riparian corridors, open disturbed areas, burned areas, trail sides, ditches and vacant lots. It grows well in sandy, loamy, and clay soils and prefers moist, well-drained soil. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil. In the first year, the stem grows from 1-3 meters, unbranched, with large leaves with 3-5 leaflets, and rarely ever a flower. In the second year, the plant doesn’t grow any taller but produces several side shoots. The mature plant has long stems (canes) that are upright and arching. Canes can grow 1.6 to 4.9 feet (0.5-1.5 m) in length and may reach 9 feet (2.7 m) tall. Canes are bristly and thorny and covered with distinctive glandular red hairs that are 0.1 to 0.2 inches (3-5 mm) long. The hairs give the canes a reddish color when seen from a distance.
Leaves
Wineberry leaves are alternate, compound, and consist of 3 serrated, blunt-tipped leaflets with purple veins that are densely white-tomentose underneath. Petioles are densely hairy. The terminal leaflet is much larger than the other two. The terminal leaflet is 1.6 to 3.9 inches (4-10 cm) long and about as wide. Lateral leaflets are 1.0 to 3.1 inches (2.5-8.0 cm) long. Leaflets are egg-shaped with long, pointed ends. Edges of the leaflets are toothed. The undersides of the leaves are covered with fine white hairs, making them conspicuously white.
Flower
Flowers are small, 6-10 mm in diameter, five purplish-red to pink petals, and bloom in late spring. The leafy structure below the flower petals (calyx) closes after flowering is complete and covers the developing fruit until it is almost ripe. The sepals are hairy and longer than the petals, giving the flowers an unopened look. Flowering normally takes place in between June to July.
Fruit
Fertile flowers are followed by juicy and bright clusters of drupelets about 1 cm in diameter. They are initially green turning to orange or red as they mature. The fruit is edible and produced in summer or autumn. In botanical terminology, it is not a berry at all, but an aggregate fruit of numerous drupelets around a central core. Ripening occurs in early summer. The berries have thorns that look like hair. Each fruit contains numerous seeds that are 0.1 to 0.2 inches (2-4 mm) long. They ripen from June to July.
Health Wonders of Wineberry Wine
Listed below are some of the health benefits of using Wineberry
1. Weight Loss
Wineberry wine is identified to accelerate the fat burning process and similarly help in reducing weight to a surprising extent. The main reason behind the weight loss triggering process is the presence of ketone compounds exclusively in Wineberry. Wineberry ketone as it is scientifically called disrupts the normal process of fat deposition and encourages the metabolism of fat in fatty tissues. It also results in the natural release of adiponectin compound that counteracts the effects of leptin molecules present in our tissues. Leptin molecules are fundamentally responsible for obesity and an increase in cholesterol levels. Adiponectin, which is a hormone negates the effects of leptin and therefore acts as a stimulant for weight loss. Due to this unique characteristic of Wineberry wine, it has been suggested for corpulent people who are facing the highest threshold of life-threatening diseases.
2. Tonic of Life
Wineberry wine has unique antioxidants that protect against cell damage and perform tissue repairmen in a better way. It is said that Wineberry wine in a minute dose is sufficient to prevent any internal tissue damage and also speeds up the recovery of tissues. This elixir of life as it is rightly said is one of the good reasons behind longevity. People who drink Wineberry wine frequently are known to live longer and healthier, Japanese and Korean people provide this proof. A high level of antioxidant-rich nutrition prevents the occurrence of cancer and especially skin and breast cancer. Antioxidants in Wineberry wine remove the toxic wastes that are the result of metabolism. They are protective to both the heart and liver.
3. Anti-inflammatory Agent
The wine carries the excellent property of anti-inflammation. It has Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and certain immune-boosting enzymes that eventually help in reducing the inflammatory process and give a performance boost to the immune system. To mention specifically, there is a release of cytokines (special signaling molecules that are directly involved in killing pathogens that invade the immune system) by triggering the action of Wineberry compounds. You are more resistant to any sort of common bacteria or virus attacking your system.
4. Maintain Skin health
Berries also work to maintain healthy skin. It can avoid the possibility of skin inflammation such as acne and eczema. It also works to produce silky smooth skin that is moisturized and soft. Thus, it can maintain a younger look on the skin.
5. Avoid Cancer
Consuming the berries believed can help to treat cancer diseases. Some research shows a significant result that this fruit will help to cut off the supplied nutrient to the cancer cells. Furthermore, it works to stimulate the regeneration of a new cell to replace the bad cancer cell. Therefore, it is one of the herbal alternatives for avoiding the possibility of breast cancer or skin cancer. These are the same benefits of soursop for cancer that works to avoid cancer cell growth too.
6. Optimum Metabolism
By consuming the berries; can work to optimize the body’s metabolism. It can increase hormone production to optimize the change of food into energy. Therefore, it will help to supply enough energy for daily activities. It can optimize the oxygen burning level and increase the body metabolic rate that benefits to maintain the digestive health condition.
Traditional uses and benefits of Wineberry
- Wine made from wineberry is well-known to accelerate the fat burning process and similarly, it helps in reducing weight.
- They also act as a protective agent to both the heart and liver.
- Consuming wine berries boosts immunity in general and is effective against all types of bacteria and viruses.
- Berries are a counter for fevers, coughs, and the common cold.
Different methods to Control Wineberry
Wineberry control is more straightforward than control of many other invasive plants in New York. While any root fragments may start a new plant, Wineberry does not have a vigorous underground storage structure; this makes it easier to control than, for instance, Japanese knotweed or lesser celandine. It is also susceptible to common pesticides.
For any invasive species control project, it is essential to have a plan for the location before control begins. Disturbance without replanting often results in the return of either the same invasive species or other invasive to the site; have a restoration plan in place before starting invasive species removal.
Mechanical control
Hand pulling of wineberry or digging with a spading fork can be a successful strategy in small patches or where repeat visits are not costly, mostly if native species are planted where the ground has been disturbed. Return visits for a few years will be necessary to remove new plants that sprout from root fragments. As wineberry is armed with thorns and hairs, minimizing exposed skin during mechanical control is advisable.
Chemical control
Wineberry can be controlled using systemic herbicides such as glyphosate or triclopyr. When using pesticides, be aware that many pesticides are prohibited within 100’ of water, as they are toxic to aquatic life and/or fail to break down in the water. Some formulations of glyphosate-based herbicides are permitted for use near water, but the most common formulation (Roundup) is not permitted for use near water due to an adjuvant that is toxic in aquatic habitats. Triclopyr also has both aquatic-permitted and prohibited formulations; choose carefully based on the characteristics of your treatment area. Always follow instructions on the label of any pesticide, and remember that New York has its own regulations for pesticides, both for the entire state and for specific regions like Long Island that have special environmental considerations.
Precautions
- Stop consuming the fruit when experiencing any allergic symptoms such as redness, itchiness, swollen parts of the body, or even asthma and nausea.
- Pregnant women shall be careful before consuming the fruits. It is suggested not to eat this fruit during pregnancy since it possibly can cause miscarriage.
References
