Beta blockers also written β-blockers, are a class of medications that are particularly used to manage abnormal heart rhythms, and to protect the heart from a second heart attack (myocardial ...
Ceftriaxone is a beta-lactam, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Ceftriaxone binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner ...
Cefoperazone is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Cefoperazone binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the ...
Latamoxef is semisynthetic of beta-lactam antibiotic, with antibacterial activity used mainly against gram-negative aerobic bacteria. Replacing the beta-lactam sulfur atom for an oxygen atom and the ...
Ceftiolene is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Ceftiolene binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner ...
Cefsulodin Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefsulodin, a semi-synthetic, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a narrow spectrum of activity. Cefsulodin sodium is a pyridinium-substituted ...
Cefpimizole is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Cefpimizole binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the ...
Cefodizime is a third-generation, aminothiazolyl cephalosporin for parenteral use. Cefodizime has broad-spectrum activity and is stable to most beta-lactamases. Clinically, it has been shown to be ...
Cefetamet is a semisynthetic, beta-lactamase-stable, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Cefetamet binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the ...
Cefmenoxime is a third-generation, semi-synthetic, beta-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic with antibacterial activity. Cefmenoxime binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), transpeptidases that are ...
Ceftizoxime is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase-resistant, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity & safe and effective in aged patients and in patients with ...
Cefdaloxime Antibiotic is a beta-lactam, third-generation broad-spectrum semisynthetic, bactericidal activity with antibacterial cephaloridine and used especially for Pseudomonas and other ...
Cefcapene is a is a beta-lactam, third-generation broad-spectrum semisynthetic, bactericidal activity with antibacterial cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Cefcapene binds to and ...
Ceftazidime is a beta-lactam, third-generation broad-spectrum semisynthetic, bactericidal activity with antibacterial cephaloridine and used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative ...
Cefmetazole is a second-generation, semi-synthetic, beta-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic with antibacterial activity. Cefmetazole binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), transpeptidases that are ...
Cefuzonam Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefuzonam, an injectable, semi-synthetic, second-generation cephalosporin with broad-spectrum antibiotic activity. Cefuzonam Sodium is the sodium salt ...
Cefotiam Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of cefotiam, a second-generation, semi-synthetic, beta-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic with antibacterial activity. Cefotiam binds ...
Ceforanide is a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactam, a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Ceforanide causes inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis by ...
Cefonicid is a second-generation semi-synthetic, beta-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic with antibacterial activity. cephalosporin administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Its bactericidal action ...
Cefamandole is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefamandole is active against Haemophilus and gram-negative bacilli susceptible to other cephalosporins. It is ...
Cefoxitin is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, second-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Cefoxitin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner ...
Cefotetan is a semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a ...
Cefmetazole sodium is a semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types ...
Cefuzonam is an injectable, semi-synthetic second-generation cephalosporin with broad-spectrum antibiotic activity.it is a second-generation cephalosporin type of antibiotic medication used to treat ...
Cefprozil Anhydrous is the anhydrous form of cefprozil, a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, second-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Cefprozil binds to and ...
Penicillins are a group of antibiotics that are bactericidal beta-lactam antibiotics and inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. It is a group of antibiotics which include penicillin G (intravenous ...
Cephalosporins are a large group of B-lactam antibiotics that are closely related to the penicillins. Cephalosporins penetrate well into most body fluids and the ECF of most tissues, especially when ...
Macrolides are groups of antibiotics that are bacteriostatic agents & inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding reversibly to 50S ribosomal subunits of sensitive micro-organisms. It is a ...
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), also known as angiotensin II receptor antagonists, AT1 receptor antagonists or sartans, are a group of pharmaceuticals that modulate the renin-angiotensin ...
Calcium channel blockers or calcium channel antagonists or calcium antagonists are several medications that disrupt the movement of calcium (Ca 2+ ) through calcium channels. It is prescription ...
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of drugs that are typically used as antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders. It is an ...
Tricyclic antidepressants with anticholinergic and sedative properties. Amitriptyline appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action ...
Anakinra is a biopharmaceutical drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis It is a recombinant and slightly modified version of the human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein. It is a recombinant, ...
Golimumab is a human monoclonal antibody which is used as an immunosuppressive drug. Golimumab targets tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a pro-inflammatory molecule and hence is a TNF ...
Infliximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody biologic drug that works against tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and is used to treat autoimmune diseases. It is an antibody administered ...
Abatacept is the first in a new class of biologics known as selective costimulation modulators. It inhibits full activation of T cells and interacts with other cell types to affect additional ...
Etanercept belongs to the class of medications called biological response modifiers ("biologics") or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNF blockers). It works by decreasing TNF, a protein produced by ...
DMARDs (Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs ) is a category of otherwise unrelated drugs defined by their use in rheumatoid arthritis to slow down disease progression. The term is often used in ...
Frovatriptan is a triptan drug Serotonin-1b and Serotonin-1d Receptor Agonist for the treatment of migraine headaches, in particular, those associated with menstruation. The product is licensed to ...
Eletriptan is a Serotonin-1b and Serotonin-1d Receptor Agonist. The mechanism of action of eletriptan is as a Serotonin 1b Receptor Agonist, and Serotonin 1d Receptor Agonist. Eletriptan is only ...
Avitriptan drug is an antimigraine drug of the triptan family which was never marketed. It acts as a 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptor agonist. Avitriptan should be able to abort migraine headaches in ...
Almotriptan is a sulfonamide triptan with extracerebral, intracranial vasoconstrictor activity. Almotriptan selectively binds to and activates serotonin 5-HT 1B and 1D receptors in the central ...
Mechanism of action (MOA) refers to the specific biochemical interaction through which a drug substance produces its pharmacological effect. A mechanism of action usually includes mention of the ...
Antimigraine drugs are the groups of drug that are used for treatment or prevention of a migraine. A migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to ...
Vonoprazan is a potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB) that inhibits H+, K+-ATPase-mediated gastric acid secretion. PCBs represent an alternative to proton-pump inhibitors for the treatment of ...
Soraprazan is a potent and reversible inhibitor of the gastric H+/K+ ATPase proton pump with potassium-competitive acid blocking (P-CAB) activity. Soraprazan binds very specifically, competitively ...
Revaprazan Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of a lipophilic, weak base with potassium-competitive acid blocking (P-CAB) activity. It is a drug that reduces gastric acid secretion and is ...
Linaprazan is a lipophilic, weak base with potassium-competitive acid blocking (P-CAB) activity. Linaprazan concentrates highly in the gastric parietal cell canaliculus and on entering this acidic ...
Picoprazole is a specific inhibitor of H+/K+-ATPase and binds to 100-kDa polypeptides of the enzyme, dose dependently inhibited opening of the Cl- conductance by Cu2+-o-phenanthroline, indicating ...
Timoprazole is in a class of medications called proton pump inhibitors (PPI) that inhibit gastric acid secretion. While it has never come to market, it was studied early on and is considered to be ...
Tenatoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor drug candidate that was undergoing clinical testing as a potential treatment for reflux oesophagitis and peptic ulcer as far back as 2003. The compound was ...
Azeloprazole is a drug under investigation for acid-related medical conditions responsive to suppressing the production of stomach acid. It is considered to be a member of the proton pump inhibitor ...
Lavoltidine is a highly potent and selective H2receptor antagonist which was under development & used as a treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease but was discontinued due to the discovery ...
Roxatidine is a specific and competitive histamine H2 receptor antagonist drug that is used to treat gastric ulcers, Zollinger–Ellison syndrome, erosive esophagitis, gastro-oesophageal reflux ...
Nizatidine is a competitive and reversible histamine H2-receptor antagonist with antacid activity. Nizatidine inhibits the histamine H2-receptors located on the basolateral membrane of the gastric ...
Famotidine is a propanimidamide and histamine H2-receptor antagonist with antacid activity. As a competitive inhibitor of histamine H2-receptors located on the basolateral membrane of the parietal ...
Cimetidine is a histamine H(2)-receptor antagonist. Enhancing anti-tumor cell-mediated responses, cimetidine blocks histamine's ability to stimulate suppressor T lymphocyte activity and to inhibit ...
Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a group of drugs whose main action is a pronounced and long-lasting reduction of stomach acid production. Within the class of medications, there is no clear evidence ...
Clevidipine is a dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker that is selective for vascular smooth muscle and is indicated for blood pressure reduction when oral therapy is not an option. ...
Lacidipine is a lipophilic dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with an intrinsically slow onset of activity. Due to its long duration of action, lacidipine does not lead to reflex tachycardia. It ...
Lercanidipine is an antihypertensive (blood pressure lowering) drug. It belongs to the dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blockers, which work by relaxing and opening the blood vessels allowing ...
Levamlodipine also was known as S-amlodipine, is a pharmacologically active enantiomer of amlodipine, an antihypertensive and anti-anginal medication. Levamlodipine belongs to the dihydropyridine ...
Nisoldipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina. ...
Nimodipine is a dihydropyridine derivative and an analog of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine, with antihypertensive activity. Nimodipine inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions in ...
Isradipine is a second generation calcium channel blocker that is used to treat hypertension. Isradipine is associated with a low rate of serum enzyme elevations during therapy but has not been ...
Nicardipine is a potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing ...
Nifedipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocking agent. Nifedipine inhibits the transmembrane influx of extracellular calcium ions into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, causing ...
Enalapril is a dicarbonyl-containing peptide and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. As a prodrug, enalapril is converted by de-esterification into its ...
Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAO inhibitor) used in therapy of severe depression. Phenelzine therapy is associated with rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury. ...
Selegiline is a selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase. It is used in newly diagnosed patients with Parkinson's disease. It may slow the progression of the clinical disease and ...
Esmolol is a cardioselective beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset, a very short duration of action, and no significant intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane stabilizing activity at therapeutic ...
Clonidine is an imidazoline derivate and centrally-acting alpha-adrenergic agonist, with antihypertensive activity. Clonidine binds to and stimulates central alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, thereby ...
Methyldopa is a phenylalanine derivative and an aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. Methyldopa is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and ...
Sotalol is an ethanolamine derivative with Class III antiarrhythmic and antihypertensive properties. Sotalol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor and potassium channel antagonist. In the heart, ...
Timolol is a propanolamine derivative and a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with antihypertensive property. Timolol competitively binds to beta-1-adrenergic receptors in the heart and ...
Carteolol is a synthetic quinolinone derivative and nonselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent with anti-glaucoma activity. Upon topical administration to the eye, carteolol decreases aqueous ...
Pindolol is an aryloxypropanolamine derivative with the antihypertensive property. Pindolol competitively binds to beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in a decrease in beta-adrenergic activities, ...
Penbutolol is a lipophilic, nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist with anti-anginal and antihypertensive activities. Penbutolol competitively binds to and blocks beta-1 adrenergic ...
Nadolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic activities. Nadolol competitively blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors located in the heart and vascular ...
Flurazepam is a member of the benzodiazepines and a long-acting depressor of the central nervous system (CNS) with sedative and hypnotic effects. Flurazepam binds to a specific site on ...
Chlordiazepoxide is a long-acting benzodiazepine with anxiolytic, sedative and hypnotic activity. Chlordiazepoxide exerts its effect by binding to the benzodiazepine site at the gamma-aminobutyric ...
Cholecalciferol is a steroid hormone produced in the skin when exposed to ultraviolet light or obtained from dietary sources. The active form ...
Aripiprazole is a quinoline derivate and atypical antipsychotic agent. Aripiprazole has partial agonistic activity at dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin 5-HT1A receptors, as well as potent ...
Ziprasidone Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of ziprasidone, a benzothiazolylpiperazine derivative and an atypical antipsychotic agent with an antischizophrenic property. Ziprasidone ...
Risperidone is a benzisoxazole derivative with the antipsychotic property. Risperidone selectively antagonizes serotonin (5-HT) effects via the cortical 5-HT2 receptor, and, to a lesser extent, ...
Clozapine is a synthetic dibenzo-diazepine derivative, atypical antipsychotic Clozapine blocks several neurotransmitter receptors in the brain (dopamine type 4, serotonin type ...
Glycopyrrolate is a medication of the muscarinic anticholinergic group. It does not cross the blood-brain barrier and consequently has no to few central effects. A synthetic quaternary amine, it is ...
Umeclidinium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) used as maintenance treatment for symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is available as a once-daily inhalation ...
Olodaterol is a novel, long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) that exerts its pharmacological effect by binding and activating beta2-adrenergic receptors located primarily in the lungs. ...
Arformoterol is a beta2-Adrenergic Agonist. The mechanism of action of arformoterol is as an Adrenergic beta2-Agonist. Formoterol is a long-acting beta-adrenergic receptor agonist with ...
Indacaterol is a novel, ultra-long-acting, (2)-adrenoceptor agonist developed for Novartis for the once-daily treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It was approved by the ...
Pirbuterol is a short-acting, beta-adrenergic receptor agonist with bronchodilator activity. Pirbuterol selectively binds to beta-2 adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, thereby activating ...
Levosalbutamol/Levalbuterol also known as levalbuterol is a short-acting β2 adrenergic receptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Salbutamol ...
Metaproterenol Sulfate is the sulfate salt form of metaproterenol, a short-acting and selective sympathomimetic beta-receptor agonist with bronchodilator activity. Metaproterenol sulfate binds beta-2 ...
Albuterol is a racemic mixture of the r-isomer levalbuterol and s-albuterol, a short-acting sympathomimetic agent with bronchodilator activity. Albuterol stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the ...
Terbutaline is a selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic. Terbutaline Sulfate is the sulfate salt form of terbutaline, an ethanolamine derivative with ...
Varenicline is a partial agonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtype alpha4beta2. Nicotine stimulation of central alpha4beta2 nAChRs located at presynaptic terminals in the ...
Aclidinium is a synthetic anticholinergic agent that is used as an inhalant for treatment of acute bronchospasm due to chronic bronchitis or emphysema. Aclidinium has not been implicated in causing ...
Tiotropium Bromide Monohydrate is the monohydrate bromide salt form of tiotropium, a quaternary ammonium derivative of atropine and a long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist, with bronchodilating ...
Ipratropium is a synthetic derivative of the alkaloid atropine with anticholinergic properties. Ipratropium antagonizes the actions of acetylcholine at parasympathetic postganglionic effector cell ...
Salbutamol is a medication that opens up the medium and large airways in the lungs. It is used to treat asthma including asthma attacks, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, and chronic obstructive ...
Aminocaproic acid is an antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties. Aminocaproic Acid is a synthetic lysine derivative with ...
Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rapid-onset disorder in which the body's immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system & muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging ...
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogs of these hormones. Two main classes of ...
Anticonvulsants (also commonly known as antiepileptic drugs or as antiseizure drugs) are a diverse group of pharmacologicalagents used in the treatment of epileptic seizures. Anticonvulsants are also ...
Pain management, pain medicine, pain control or algiatry, is a branch of medicine employing an interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those living ...
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication.It is mainly used for schizophrenia that does not improve following the use of other antipsychotic medications. In those with schizophrenia ...
Rosiglitazone is an anti-diabetic drug in the thiazolidinedione class of drugs. It is marketed by the pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline as a stand-alone drug (Avandia) and in combination with ...
Pioglitazone is an orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Pioglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ...
Pharmacological Drugs is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.Drug therapy (pharmacotherapy) is an important part of the medical field and relies on the science ...
Nandrolone /Deca-Durabolin is a synthetic anabolic steroid analog of testosterone. Similar to testosterone, nortestosterone (19-Nortestosterone) binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors. ...
Antidepressants are drugs used for the treatment of major depressive disorder and other conditions, including dysthymia, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, chronic ...
