Acetaminophen-induced Nephrotoxicity
Acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol) is a commonly used pain reliever and fever reducer. While it is generally safe when taken as directed, excessive use can lead to serious health issues, ...
Rx Urology
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (ACS) occurs when pressure inside the abdominal cavity becomes dangerously high. This increased pressure can harm internal organs and lead to severe health ...
Pyonephrosis
Pyonephrosis is a medical condition where pus accumulates in the kidney due to an infection. It occurs when urine gets blocked and bacteria multiply, leading to the formation of pus. If not treated ...
Pyonephrosis
Pyonephrosis is a medical condition characterized by the presence of pus in the kidney due to an infection. It can lead to severe complications if not treated promptly. Anatomy ...
Hydronephrosis
Hydronephrosis is a medical condition where urine cannot drain out from the kidney to the bladder. As a result, the kidney becomes swollen, leading to pressure and potential kidney damage if not ...
Kidney Renal Papillary Necrosis
Renal papillary necrosis is a kidney condition that affects the inner part of the kidney called the renal papilla. Understanding this condition involves exploring the kidney's anatomy, its causes, ...
Renal Papilla
The renal papilla is a crucial part of your kidneys, playing a significant role in the process of filtering blood and producing urine. Understanding its structure, function, and related health ...
Nephrogenic Syndrome
Nephrogenic syndrome refers to a group of medical conditions that originate in the kidneys (nephro-). These syndromes affect how the kidneys function, influencing various body systems. This guide ...
Diabetes Insipidus
Diabetes Insipidus (DI) is a rare condition that affects the body's ability to regulate fluid balance. Unlike the more commonly known diabetes mellitus, which involves blood sugar levels, DI deals ...
Nephroptosis
Nephroptosis, also known as floating kidney, is a medical condition where the kidney descends more than usual when a person stands up. This movement can cause various symptoms and may require ...
Renal Osteodystrophy
Renal osteodystrophy is a bone disease that occurs when the kidneys fail to maintain the proper levels of minerals and hormones in the blood. This condition often arises in people with chronic kidney ...
Analgesic Nephropathy
Analgesic Nephropathy is a kidney condition caused by the prolonged use of pain-relieving medications. This guide provides an in-depth look at its anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, ...
What is Uremia?
Uremia is a serious medical condition that occurs when the kidneys are no longer able to filter waste products from the blood effectively. This guide provides a detailed yet simple overview of ...
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a long-term condition that affects the kidneys' ability to function properly. This guide provides an in-depth look at CKD, covering its anatomy, types, causes, ...
Acute Renal Failure
Acute Renal Failure, also known as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), is a sudden loss of kidney function. It occurs rapidly, usually within a few hours or days, and can be life-threatening if not treated ...
Nephrosis
Nephrosis, also known as nephrotic syndrome, is a kidney disorder that causes your body to excrete too much protein in your urine. This condition results from damage to the small blood vessels in the ...
Nephritis
Nephritis is a medical condition that affects the kidneys, leading to inflammation that can impair their ability to filter waste from the blood. This guide provides a detailed yet straightforward ...
Renal Cortical Necrosis
Renal cortical necrosis is a rare but serious condition affecting the kidneys. Understanding its anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatments, and prevention strategies is crucial for ...
Hypertensive Nephropathy
Hypertensive nephropathy is a kidney condition caused by high blood pressure (hypertension) that damages the kidneys over time. Understanding this condition is crucial for maintaining kidney health ...
Renal Ischemia
Renal ischemia is a serious medical condition affecting the kidneys, which play a crucial role in filtering blood and maintaining overall body health. This guide provides an in-depth look into renal ...
Balkan Endemic Nephropathy
Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN) is a chronic kidney disease primarily found in specific regions of the Balkans. This guide provides an in-depth look into BEN, covering its anatomy, types, causes, ...
Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis is a serious kidney infection that affects the upper urinary tract. This guide provides a detailed overview of pyelonephritis, including its anatomy, types, causes, symptoms, ...
Liddle’s Syndrome
Liddle’s Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects how your body manages salt and water, leading to high blood pressure and other health issues. This guide provides a detailed yet ...
Fanconi Syndrome
Fanconi syndrome is a rare disorder that affects the kidneys' ability to reabsorb essential nutrients, leading to various health issues. This guide provides an in-depth look into Fanconi syndrome, ...
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) is a condition where the kidneys fail to properly acidify the urine, leading to an imbalance in the body's acid-base levels. Among its types, Distal Renal Tubular ...
Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) is a condition where the kidneys fail to adequately acidify the urine, leading to an imbalance of acid-base levels in the body. Among the various types of RTA, Proximal ...
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) is a condition where the kidneys fail to properly acidify the urine, leading to an imbalance of acids and bases in the body. This imbalance can cause various health ...
Tubular Disorders
Tubular disorders refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the tubular structures within the body. These tubes, found in various organs, play crucial roles in transporting fluids, ...
Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis is a rare but serious condition characterized by the buildup of abnormal proteins called amyloids in your organs and tissues. These amyloid deposits can interfere with normal organ ...
Goodpasture Syndrome
Goodpasture Syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease that primarily affects the kidneys and lungs. This guide provides a detailed yet straightforward explanation of Goodpasture Syndrome, covering its ...
Medullary Sponge Kidney
Medullary Sponge Kidney (MSK) is a rare, benign congenital disorder affecting the kidneys. It involves the formation of small cysts in the tubules of the kidneys' medulla, leading to various urinary ...
Renal Artery Stenosis
Renal artery stenosis is a condition where one or both of the arteries that supply blood to the kidneys become narrowed. This narrowing can lead to reduced blood flow, affecting kidney function and ...
Kidneys in Lupus Nephritis
Lupus Nephritis is a serious kidney inflammation caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks its own tissues. This guide provides an ...
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) is a serious medical condition that affects the blood and kidneys. Understanding HUS involves exploring its anatomy, types, causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, ...
Renal Cell Carcinoma
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is a type of kidney cancer that starts in the lining of the small tubes within the kidneys. This guide provides an in-depth look at RCC, covering its anatomy, types, ...
Chronic Interstitial Nephritis
Chronic Interstitial Nephritis (CIN) is a long-term kidney condition affecting the spaces between the kidney tubules. This guide provides an in-depth look at CIN, covering its anatomy, types, causes, ...
Acute Interstitial Nephritis
Acute Interstitial Nephritis (AIN) is a sudden inflammation of the kidney's interstitial tissue—the area surrounding the kidney's tubules. This condition can impair kidney function, leading to ...
Interstitial Nephritis
Interstitial Nephritis is a kidney condition that affects the spaces between the kidney tubules, leading to inflammation. This guide will help you understand what it is, its causes, symptoms, ...
Nephritis
Nephritis is a medical condition that affects the kidneys, which are vital organs responsible for filtering waste from the blood. This guide provides an in-depth look at nephritis, covering its ...
Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis is a kidney condition caused by long-term high blood pressure (hypertension). It affects the kidneys' ability to function correctly, potentially leading to kidney failure ...
Nephrosclerosis
Nephrosclerosis is a kidney condition characterized by the hardening (sclerosis) of the small blood vessels in the kidneys. This process impairs the kidneys' ability to filter waste from the blood ...
Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis is a serious kidney infection that can significantly impact your health if not treated promptly. This guide provides an in-depth look at pyelonephritis, including its anatomy, types, ...
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis is a kidney condition that affects the tiny filtering units called glomeruli. This guide provides detailed yet simple explanations about glomerulonephritis, covering its anatomy, ...
Polycystic Kidney Disease
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys. These cysts are filled with fluid and can significantly enlarge the kidneys, ...
Kidney Injury
Kidney injury is a serious health condition that affects the kidneys' ability to function properly. This guide provides detailed information about kidney injury, including its anatomy, types, causes, ...
Gray Baby Syndrome
Gray baby syndrome is a rare but serious condition that can occur in newborns, especially premature infants, when they receive high doses of the antibiotic chloramphenicol. It is called "gray baby" ...
Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL)
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a condition affecting the white matter of the brain, particularly near the ventricles. It often occurs in premature babies but can also affect full-term infants. ...
Non-Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
Non-hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) is a condition where the brain doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood due to various factors other than low oxygen levels. This guide aims to provide a ...
Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE)
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a serious condition that occurs when the brain doesn't receive enough oxygen and blood flow. This can lead to brain damage and various complications. In this ...
Perinatal Asphyxia
Perinatal asphyxia happens when a baby doesn't get enough oxygen before, during, or just after birth. This can lead to serious health issues or even death if not treated quickly. Types:...
Sterile Peritonitis
Sterile peritonitis is a condition where the peritoneum, the membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering abdominal organs, becomes inflamed without an infection present. This inflammation can ...
Chemical Peritonitis
Chemical peritonitis is a serious condition where the peritoneum, the thin layer of tissue lining the inside of the abdomen, becomes inflamed due to chemical irritation. This inflammation can lead to ...
Meconium Peritonitis:
Meconium peritonitis is a condition that occurs in newborn babies when their intestines get perforated, and the meconium, which is the baby's first stool, leaks into the abdominal cavity. This ...
Tuberculous Dactylitis
Tuberculous dactylitis, also known as "spina ventosa," is a rare form of tuberculosis that affects the bones in the fingers or toes. It primarily occurs in children but can also affect adults. ...
Tuberculosis of the Fallopian Tube
Tuberculosis (TB) of the Fallopian tube is a rare form of tuberculosis that affects the female reproductive system, specifically the Fallopian tubes. In this guide, we'll explore everything you need ...
Tuberculous Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Tuberculous pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a condition caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis affecting the pelvic organs. It can lead to various complications if not treated ...
Scrotal Tuberculosis
Scrotal tuberculosis is a rare but serious condition where tuberculosis affects the tissues in the scrotum. In this article, we'll explore what scrotal tuberculosis is, its causes, symptoms, ...
Prostatic Tuberculosis
Prostatic tuberculosis is a condition where tuberculosis bacteria infect the prostate gland. Tuberculosis, often associated with the lungs, can affect other parts of the body, including the prostate. ...
Testicular Tuberculosis
Testicular tuberculosis is a rare form of tuberculosis that affects the testicles. Tuberculosis, often known as TB, is an infectious disease caused by bacteria. While TB usually affects the lungs, it ...
Prostate Tuberculosis
Prostate tuberculosis is a rare but serious condition where tuberculosis bacteria infect the prostate gland. This can lead to various symptoms and complications if left untreated. Understanding the ...
Bladder Tuberculosis
Bladder tuberculosis is a type of tuberculosis that affects the bladder. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that usually targets the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body, ...
Ureteral Tuberculosis
Ureteral tuberculosis, simply put, is a type of tuberculosis that affects the ureters, the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. It's important to understand the different aspects ...
Renal Papillary Necrosis
Renal papillary necrosis might sound complicated, but it's essential to understand its basics. In simple terms, it's a condition where the tips of the kidney's tubes die. This article aims to break ...
Tuberculous Pyelonephritis
Tuberculous pyelonephritis is a severe kidney infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This condition can lead to kidney damage and serious health complications if left ...
Renal Tuberculosis
Renal tuberculosis is a type of tuberculosis that affects the kidneys. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and when it affects the kidneys, it is called renal ...
Genitourinary Tuberculosis
Genitourinary tuberculosis (TB) is a type of tuberculosis that affects the urinary tract and reproductive organs. It's caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can also affect other ...
Adrenal Tuberculosis
Adrenal tuberculosis is a rare but serious condition that affects the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney. These glands produce hormones that are vital for various bodily ...
Peritoneal Tuberculosis
Peritoneal tuberculosis is a type of tuberculosis that affects the peritoneum, the thin tissue that lines the inside of the abdomen. It occurs when the bacteria that cause tuberculosis spread to this ...
Renal Tuberculous Granuloma
Renal Tuberculous Granuloma might sound complicated, but let's break it down. This condition affects the kidneys and is caused by tuberculosis bacteria. It can lead to various symptoms and requires ...
Nephrolithiasis-associated Macrocalcifications
Nephrolithiasis, commonly known as kidney stones, can sometimes lead to a condition called nephrolithiasis-associated macrocalcifications. This condition involves the formation of large calcium ...
Urethral Stenosis
Urethral stenosis is a condition that affects the urethra, the tube responsible for carrying urine from the bladder out of the body. When the urethra narrows or becomes blocked, it can lead to ...
Bilateral Cryptorchidism
Bilateral cryptorchidism is a medical condition where both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum. This condition can have various causes and can affect individuals of all ages. In this article, ...
Unilateral Cryptorchidism
Unilateral cryptorchidism is a medical condition where one of the testicles fails to descend into the scrotum, which is the pouch-like structure that holds the testicles in place. In this article, we ...
Cryptorchidism
Cryptorchidism is a medical condition that affects male infants and boys, where one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum. This article aims to provide straightforward explanations of ...
Renal Cystic Dysplasia
Renal Cystic Dysplasia is a medical condition that affects the kidneys, leading to abnormal growth and development. In this article, we will break down the key aspects of Renal Cystic Dysplasia, ...
Unilateral Hydronephrosis
Unilateral hydronephrosis is a medical condition where one kidney becomes swollen due to a buildup of urine, often caused by a blockage in the urinary tract. This condition can be uncomfortable and ...
Bilateral Hydronephrosis
Bilateral hydronephrosis is a medical condition where both kidneys become swollen and filled with urine due to a blockage in the urinary system. In this article, we will break down the definitions, ...
Hydronephrosis
Hydronephrosis is a condition where one or both of the kidneys become swollen due to a buildup of urine. This can happen for various reasons, and it's essential to understand the types, causes, ...
Supernumerary Kidney/Accessory Kidney
Supernumerary kidney is a rare condition where a person has an extra kidney in addition to the two normally present. This article will provide simple and easy-to-understand explanations for various ...
Unilateral Testicular Agenesis
Unilateral Testicular Agenesis is a medical condition where a person is born with only one testicle instead of the usual two. In this article, we'll explain the types, causes, symptoms, diagnostic ...
Unilateral Renal Agenesis
Unilateral Renal Agenesis (URA) is a rare congenital condition where a person is born with only one kidney instead of the usual two. This article aims to provide clear and simple explanations about ...
Bilateral Agenesis
Bilateral agenesis is a medical condition where a person is born with the absence or underdevelopment of certain body parts on both sides of their body. This condition can affect various areas, ...
Unilateral Agenesis
Unilateral agenesis is a condition where a particular organ or body part is missing on one side of the body. This article will provide simple, easy-to-understand explanations for the types of ...
Bilateral Renal Hypoplasia
Bilateral Renal Hypoplasia, a condition where both kidneys do not develop properly, can be a concerning health issue. This article aims to provide simple and easy-to-understand information about this ...
Unilateral Renal Hypoplasia
Unilateral renal hypoplasia is a medical condition where one of the kidneys doesn't develop fully or is smaller than normal. In this article, we'll explain what this condition is, its types, common ...
Omphalocele
Omphalocele is a rare birth defect that affects babies. In simple terms, it occurs when a baby's abdomen does not fully close during development, and the intestines or other abdominal organs protrude ...
Hypogonadism
Hypogonadism is a medical condition that affects the production of sex hormones, particularly testosterone in men and estrogen in women. This article aims to provide a clear and concise explanation ...
Undescended Testicle
Undescended testicle, also known as cryptorchidism, is a common condition in which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum, the sac-like structure that holds the testicles. This ...
Bilateral Cryptorchidism
Bilateral Cryptorchidism is a condition where both testicles do not descend into the scrotum, which is the pouch of skin that holds the testicles. This article aims to provide simple explanations for ...
Unilateral Cryptorchidism
Unilateral cryptorchidism is a condition where one testicle fails to descend into the scrotum. It can have various causes and can lead to specific symptoms and complications. This article aims to ...
Cryptorchidism
Cryptorchidism is a medical condition in which one or both testicles don't descend properly into the scrotum during a male's development. This article provides clear and simple explanations of ...
Supernumerary Kidney
Supernumerary kidneys are a rare anatomical variation where an individual has more than the usual two kidneys. While most people are born with two kidneys, supernumerary kidneys can occur when an ...
Unilateral Renal Agenesis
Unilateral Renal Agenesis (URA) is a medical condition where an individual is born with only one kidney instead of the usual two. In this article, we will explore the types, causes, symptoms, ...
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney (MCDK) is a congenital condition that affects the kidneys, primarily occurring in newborns and infants. In this article, we will provide you with clear and concise ...
Bilateral Renal Dysplasia
Bilateral Renal Dysplasia is a rare condition that affects the development of both kidneys in unborn babies. In this article, we will provide simple, easy-to-understand explanations of what bilateral ...
Unilateral Renal Dysplasia
Unilateral Renal Dysplasia is a rare medical condition that affects one kidney, typically during fetal development. This article aims to provide a clear and easy-to-understand explanation of this ...
Renal Dysplasia Syndrome
Renal dysplasia is a medical condition that affects the development of the kidneys. In this article, we will provide simple and easy-to-understand explanations of what renal dysplasia is, its types, ...
Duarte Galactosemia
Duarte Galactosemia is a rare genetic disorder that affects how the body processes galactose, a sugar found in milk and some other foods. In this article, we will provide clear and straightforward ...
Non-Nephropathic Cystinosis
Non-Nephropathic Cystinosis is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to process an amino acid called cystine. This condition can lead to a buildup of cystine crystals in various ...
Intermediate Cystinosis
Intermediate Cystinosis is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to process a specific amino acid called cystine. This article aims to provide a simple and easy-to-understand ...
Nephropathic Cystinosis
Nephropathic cystinosis is a rare genetic disorder that affects various organs, particularly the kidneys and eyes. In this article, we'll provide a plain and straightforward explanation of ...
Hawkinsinuria
Hawkinsinuria is a rare metabolic disorder that affects the way your body processes a specific amino acid called tryptophan. In this article, we'll break down what Hawkinsinuria is, its types, ...
Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency, or DLD deficiency for short, is a rare genetic disorder that affects how our bodies produce energy. In this article, we will explain DLD deficiency in ...
Malonic Acidemia
Malonic Acidemia is a rare genetic disorder that affects the way our bodies process certain chemicals. In this article, we'll explore the types, causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, treatments, and ...
Beta-Ketothiolase Deficiency
Beta-Ketothiolase deficiency, also known as mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency, is a rare inherited metabolic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down certain fats ...
Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency (MCD)
Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency (MCD) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to process certain vitamins and convert them into energy. This condition can lead to various health ...
3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA Carboxylase Deficiency
3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA Carboxylase Deficiency, often referred to as 3-MCC deficiency, is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down certain amino acids. In this article, we ...
Homocystinuria
Homocystinuria is a rare genetic disorder that affects how the body processes an amino acid called homocysteine. In this article, we will provide simple explanations for the types of homocystinuria, ...
Glutaric Acidemia Type 1
Glutaric Acidemia Type 1 (GA1) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down certain amino acids properly. This condition can lead to a range of health issues, and it's ...
Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD)
Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down certain amino acids properly. This condition can lead to serious health issues if not managed ...
Isovaleric Acidemia:
Isovaleric Acidemia, a rare genetic disorder, affects the body's ability to break down certain amino acids. This article aims to provide a simple, easy-to-understand overview of Isovaleric Acidemia, ...
Methylmalonic Acidemia
Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to process certain proteins and fats. In this article, we will break down MMA into simple terms, covering its ...
