List of Medical Abbreviations/ A to Z List

Last updated: October 2, 2026Reviewed date: October 2, 2026Reading time: 18 min read
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List of medical abbreviations/Abbreviations is used very frequently in medicine. They boost efficiency as long as they are used intelligently. The advantages of brevity should be weighed against the possibilities of obfuscation (making the communication harder for others to understand) and ambiguity (having more than one possible interpretation). Certain medical abbreviations are avoided to prevent mistakes, according to best practices (and in some cases regulatory...

Key Takeaways

  • This article explains Common Abbreviations Used in Medical Science in simple medical language.
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Definition

List of medical abbreviations/Abbreviations is used very frequently in medicine. They boost efficiency as long as they are used intelligently. The advantages of brevity should be weighed against the possibilities of obfuscation (making the communication harder for others to understand) and ambiguity (having more than one possible interpretation). Certain medical abbreviations are avoided to prevent mistakes, according to best practices (and in some cases regulatory requirements); these are flagged in the list of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions.

Common Abbreviations Used in Medical Science

:
CP: complete picture of blood
CXR: chest (PA view)
BT: bleeding time
: clotting time
:
AST: aspartate aminotransferase @(sgot)
ALT : alanie aminotransferase@ (sgpt)
SGOT :  serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
SGPT : serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase
ALP :  alkaline phosphatase
ALT : alanine aminotransferase
GGT: gamma glutamyl transpeptidase
GGT:  gamma glutamile transpeptidase
GTT:  glucose tolerance test
LDH: lactae dehydrogenase
: prothrombing time
: /rate
CCK: cholecystokinin
:
AIDS : acquired .
AKA : alcoholic ketoacidosis
ALL : lymphoblastic
AMI : acute
ARF :
HTN : : high/ blood pressure,@hyper tension
CABG: bypass graft
CAH: adrenal hyperplasia
CCF: congestive cardiac failure
CF: cystic
CHD:
CNS: central nervous system
:
CPAP: continuous positive airways pressure
CRF:
CSF: cerebrospinal fluid
CT: computer tomography
: ()
CVD: cardiovascular disease
DKA: diabetic ketoacidosis
DU: duodenal ulcer
DVT: deep vein thrombosis
ECG: electrocardiography/ or cardiogram
EEG: electroencephalogram
ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate
ESRD: end-stage renal disease
FPG: fasting plasma glucose
GIT: gastrointestinal tract
GU: gastric ulcer
GvHD: graft versus host disease
HAV: hepatitis A virus
HBV: hepatitis B virus
Hcg: human chorionic gonadotrophin @ PT : :pregnancy test (by urine)
HAV :  hepatitis A virus
HBV @ HBs Ag hepatitis B antigen
HCV hepatitis: C virus
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus
HNA: heparin neutralizing activity
ICH: intracranial haemorrhage
IDA: iron deficiency anaemia
IDDM: insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus
IFG: impaired fasting glucose
IGT : impaired glucose tolerance
IHD: ischaemic heart disease
Ig: immunoglobulin
IM: intramuscular
INR: international normalized ratio
ITU: intensive therapy unit
IV: intravenous
IVU: intravenous urogram
K: : potassium
KUB: kidney, ureter, bladder (x-ray)/ U-S
LBBB: left bundle branch block
LCM: left costal margin
LFTs: liver function tests
LIF: left iliac fossa
LUQ: left upper quadrant
LVF: left ventricular failure
LVH: left ventricular hypertrophy
MC&S: microscopy, culture & sensitivity
MCH: mean cell haemoglobin
MI: myocardial infarction
Min: minutes
MPD: myeloproliferative disease
MRI : magnetic resonance imaging
MS : multiple sclerosis or mass spectroscopy
Na: sodium

NCBI: National Center for Biotechnology Information

NLM: National Library of Medicine
Ca: calcium
NaCl: sodium chloride
OA : osteo arthritis
RA : rheumatoid arthritis
OCP: oral contraceptive pill
PACWP; pulmonary artery capillary wedge pressure
PAD: peripheral arterial disease
PaO2: partial pressure of O2 in arterial blood
PB: peripheral blood
PBC : primary biliary cirrhosis
PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention
PCL: plasma cell leukaemia
PE: pulmonary embolism
PR: per rectum
PV :  per vagina
PV: plasma volume
RAS: renal angiotensin system or renal artery stenosis
RBBB: right bundle branch block
RBCs: red blood cells
RCC: red blood cell count
Rh: Rhesus (monkey)
RIF: right iliac fossa
RUQ: right upper quadrant
SC: subcutaneous
SDH: subdural haemorrhage
SOB: shortness of breath
SM: smooth muscle
SVC : superior vena cava
SVCO: superior vena caval obstruction
SXR: skull x-ray
T°: temperature
t1/2: half-life
T4: thyroxine
TA: temporal arteritis
TB: tuberculosis
TFT: thyroid function test
TIAs: transient ischaemic attacks
TPO: thyroid peroxidase
TRAB: thyrotropin receptor antibodies
TSH : thyroid-stimulating hormone
TT: thrombin time
u/U: units
UC: ulcerative colitis
U&E: urea and electrolytes
UCE: urea creatinine & electrolytes
URTI: upper respiratory tract infection
UTI: urinary tract infection
USS: ultrasound scan
VIII: C factor VIII clotting activity
VIP: vasoactive intestinal peptide
Vit K: vitamin K
VSD: ventricular septal defect
WBC: white blood cell
TLC : total leukocytes countএই টেস্ট গুলার মেনিং সবাই জানা দরকার। দয়া করে সাবাই শেয়ার করুন।
CBC: complete blood count
CP: complete picture of blood
CXR: X-ray chest (PA view)
BT :  bleeding time
CT : clotting time
LFT : liver function test
AST : aspartate aminotransferase @(sgot)
ALT : alanie aminotransferase@ (sgpt)
SGOT : serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
SGPT : serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase
ALP : alkaline phosphatase
ALT : alanine aminotransferase
GGT: gamma glutamyl transpeptidase
GGT:  gamma glutamile transpeptidase
GTT: glucose tolerance test
LDH:  lactae dehydrogenase
PT: prothrombing time
INR: international normalized ratio/rate
CCK: cholecystokinin
AF : atrial fibrillation
AIDS : acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
AKA : alcoholic ketoacidosis
ALL : acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
AMI : acute myocardial infarction
ARF : acute renal failure
HTN : : high/ blood pressure,@hyper tension
CABG: coronary artery bypass graft
CAH: congenital adrenal hyperplasia
CCF: congestive cardiac failure
CF: cystic fibrosis
CHD: coronary heart disease
CNS: central nervous system
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CPAP: continuous positive airways pressure
CRF: chronic renal failure
CSF: cerebrospinal fluid
CT: computer tomography
CVA: cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
CVD: cardiovascular disease
DKA: diabetic ketoacidosis
DU: duodenal ulcer
DVT: deep vein thrombosis
ECG: electrocardiography/ or cardiogram
EEG: electroencephalogram
ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate
ESRD: end-stage renal disease
FPG: fasting plasma glucose
GIT: gastrointestinal tract
GU: gastric ulcer
GvHD: graft versus host disease
HAV: hepatitis A virus
HBV: hepatitis B virus
Hcg: human chorionic gonadotrophin @ PT : :pregnancy test (by urine)
HAV : hepatitis A virus
HBV @ HBs Ag hepatitise B antigen
HCV hepatitis: C virus
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus
HNA: heparin neutralising activity
ICH: intracranial haemorrhage
IDA: iron deficiency anaemia
IDDM: insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus
IFG: impaired fasting glucose
IGT : impaired glucose tolerance
IHD: ischaemic heart disease
Ig: immunoglobulin
IM: intramuscular
INR: international normalized ratio
ITU: intensive therapy unit
IV: intravenous
IVU: intravenous urogram
K: potassium
KUB: kidney, ureter, bladder (x-ray)/ U-S
LBBB: left bundle branch block
LCM: left costal margin
LFTs: liver function tests
LIF: left iliac fossa
LUQ: left upper quadrant
LVF: left ventricular failure
LVH: left ventricular hypertrophy
MC&S: microscopy, culture & sensitivity
MCH: mean cell haemoglobin
MI: myocardial infarction
Min: minutes
MPD: myeloproliferative disease
MRI : magnetic resonance imaging
MS : multiple sclerosis or mass spectroscopy
Na: sodium
Ca : calcium
NaCl: sodium chloride
OA : osteo arthritis
RA : rheumatoid arthritis
OCP: oral contraceptive pill
PACWP; pulmonary artery capillary wedge pressure
PAD: peripheral arterial disease
PaO2: partial pressure of O2 in arterial blood
PB: peripheral blood
PBC : primary biliary cirrhosis
PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention
PCL: plasma cell leukaemia
PE: pulmonary embolism
PR: per rectum
PV :  per vagina
PV: plasma volume
RAS: renal angiotensin system or renal artery stenosis
RBBB: right bundle branch block
RBCs: red blood cells
RCC: red blood cell count
Rh: Rhesus (monkey)
RIF: right iliac fossa
RUQ: right upper quadrant
SC: subcutaneous
SDH: subdural haemorrhage
SOB: shortness of breath
SM: smooth muscle
SVC : superior vena cava
SVCO: superior vena caval obstruction
SXR: skull x-ray
T°: temperature
t1/2: half-life
T4: thyroxine
TA: temporal arteritis
TB: tuberculosis
TFT: thyroid function test
TIAs: transient ischaemic attacks
TPO: thyroid peroxidase
TRAB: thyrotropin receptor antibodies
TSH : thyroid-stimulating hormone
TT: thrombin time
u/U: units
UC: ulcerative colitis
U&E: urea and electrolytes
UCE:  urea creatinine & electrolytes
URTI: upper respiratory tract infection
UTI: urinary tract infection
USS: ultrasound scan
VIII: C factor VIII clotting activity
VIP: vasoactive intestinal peptide
Vit K: vitamin K
VSD: ventricular septal defect
WBC: white blood cell
TLC: total leukocytes count

Abbreviation Meaning Translation Wikipedia Subject Verified
2019-nCoV 2019 Novel Coronavirus 严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2
2VD two vessels disease 两血管疾病
3DCRT three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy 三维保形放射治疗
3VD three vessels diseases 三脉疾病
5-ALA 5-aminolevulinic acid 5-氨基乙酰丙酸 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminolevulinic_acid
5-ASA mesalamine 美沙拉嗪 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesalazine
5-FU fluorouracil 5% 5-氟尿嘧啶 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorouracil
5ARI 5-alpha reductase inhibitor 5-α还原酶抑制剂 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%CE%B1-Reductase_inhibitor
5HT 5-hydroxytryptamine 血清素 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonin
6-MP mercaptopurine 巯嘌呤 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercaptopurine
6MWD six-minute walking distance 步行六分钟
A&O alert and oriented 机警而定向
A&W alive and well 好好地活着 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alive_%26_Well_AIDS_Alternatives
A-F aortofemoral 股前
A-T Ataxia-Telangiectasia 共济失调-毛细血管扩张
A-a gradient alveolar-arterial gradient 肺泡动脉梯度 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar%E2%80%93arterial_gradient
A-aDO2 alveolar arterial O2 difference of each 每个肺泡动脉O2的差异
A2 aortic component of second heart sound 第二心音的主动脉成分
AA alopecia areata 圆秃 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata
AA amino acid 氨基酸 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid
AA&O awake, alert, and oriented 醒着，警觉而定向
AAA Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 腹主动脉瘤 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_aortic_aneurysm
AAG autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy 自身免疫性自主神经节病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_autonomic_ganglionopathy
AAGSV anterior accessory great saphenous vein 前副大隐静脉
AAK1 AP2-associated protein kinase 1 AP2相关蛋白激酶1
AAO American Academy of Ophthalmology 美国眼科学院 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Academy_of_Ophthalmology
AAROM active assisted range of motion 主动辅助运动范围
AASLD American Association for the Study of Liver Disease 美国肝病研究协会 https://www.aasld.org
AAST American Association for the Surgery of Trauma 美国创伤外科协会
AAT Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Alpha-1-抗胰蛋白酶 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-1_antitrypsin
AATD alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency α-1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-1_antitrypsin_deficiency
AAV adeno-associated virus 腺相关病毒 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adeno-associated_virus
AB abortion 人工流产 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion
AB alpha blocker 阿尔法阻滞剂 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_blocker
AB antibody 抗体 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody
ABA applied behavior analysis 应用行为分析 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_behavior_analysis
ABAS-3 Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Third Edition 自适应行为评估系统，第三版
ABD albumin-binding domain 白蛋白结合域
ABG Autogenous Bone Graft 自体骨移植
ABG arterial blood gas 动脉血气 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_blood_gas_test
ABI Ankle Brachial Index 踝肱指数 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankle%E2%80%93brachial_pressure_index
ABI autologous blood injection 自体血液注射 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autologous_blood_therapy
ABIC age, serum bilirubin, international normalized ratio, and serum creatinine 年龄，血清胆红素，国际标准化比率和血清肌酐
ABLA acute blood loss anemia 急性失血性贫血 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_posthemorrhagic_anemia
ABLLS-R Assessment of Basic Language and Learning Skills, Revised 基本语言和学习技能评估，修订
ABP arterial blood pressure 血压 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressure
ABPA allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis 过敏性支气管肺曲霉病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergic_bronchopulmonary_aspergillosis
ABx antibiotic(s) 抗生素
AC Adriamycin + Cytoxan 阿霉素+细胞毒素
AC acromioclavicular 肩锁骨 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acromioclavicular_joint
AC adrenal cortex 肾上腺皮质 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_cortex
AC alcoholic cirrhosis 肝硬化 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis
AC anticoagulation 抗凝剂 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant
AC assist control 辅助控制 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_mandatory_ventilation
AC axiocervical 轴颈的
ACC American College of Cardiology 美国心脏病学院 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_College_of_Cardiology
ACD Anterior Cervical Discectomy 颈前路椎间盘切除术
ACDF Anterior Cervical Decompression & Fusion 颈椎前路减压融合术
ACE Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 血管紧张素Ⅰ转化酶 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme
ACE-I Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂
ACE2 angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 血管紧张素转化酶2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme_2
ACI Autologous Cartilage Implantation 自体软骨植入
ACL anterior cruciate ligament 前十字韧带 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_cruciate_ligament
ACLS advanced cardiac life support 高级生命支持 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_cardiac_life_support
ACM arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy 心律失常性心肌病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrhythmogenic_cardiomyopathy
ACOG American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 美国妇产科学院 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_College_of_Obstetricians_and_Gynecologists
ACP American College of Physicians 美国医师学院 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_College_of_Physicians
ACR American College of Radiology 美国放射学院 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_College_of_Radiology
ACR Anterior Column Realignment 前柱重排
ACS Abdominal Compartment Syndrome 腹腔综合症
ACS Administration for Children’s Services 儿童服务管理局
ACS American College of Surgeons 美国外科医生学院 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_College_of_Surgeons
ACS abnormally contracting segments 异常收缩段
ACS acute coronary syndrome 急性冠状动脉综合症 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_coronary_syndrome
ACT Activating Clotting Time 激活凝血时间
ACT assertive community treatment 自信的社区待遇 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assertive_community_treatment
ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone 促肾上腺皮质激素 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenocorticotropic_hormone
ACV assist control ventilation 协助控制通风
ACVD arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease 动脉粥样硬化 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosis
ACh acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine Y
AChE acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱酯酶 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholinesterase Y
AChR acetylcholine receptor 乙酰胆碱受体 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine_receptor Y
AD Alzheimer’s disease 阿尔茨海默病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease
AD atopic dermatitis 异位性皮炎 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis
AD right ear 右耳
ADA adenosine deaminase 腺苷脱氨酶 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_deaminase
ADD attention deficit disorder 注意力缺陷多动障碍 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder
ADH antidiuretic hormone 抗利尿激素 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin
ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 注意力缺陷多动障碍 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder
ADHF acute diastolic heart failure 急性舒张性心力衰竭
ADL activities of daily living 日常生活活动 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activities_of_daily_living
ADOS-2 Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition 自闭症诊断观察时间表，第二版
ADP adenosine diphosphate 二磷酸腺苷 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate
ADR Artificial Disc Replacement 人工椎间盘置换 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intervertebral_disc_arthroplasty
ADR adverse drug reaction 药物不良反应 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_drug_reaction
AE acute exacerbation 急性加重
AE adverse event 不良事件 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_event
AECOPD acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢性阻塞性肺疾病的急性加重
AED anti-epileptic drug 抗癫痫药
AED automatic external defibrillator 自动体外心脏除颤器 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_external_defibrillator
AET alternating esotropia 交替性内斜视 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esotropia
AF ancillary feature 辅助功能
AFAFP Amniotic Fluid Alpha-Fetoprotein 羊水甲胎蛋白
AFB acid fast bacillus 耐酸杆菌 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid-fastness
AFB acid fast bacterium 耐酸细菌
AFIB atrial fibrillation 心房颤动 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation
AFL atrial flutter 心房扑动 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_flutter
AFLS Assessment of Functional Living Skills 功能生活技能评估
AFO ankle foot orthosis 装具 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthotics#Ankle-foot_orthosis_(AFO)
AFP alpha-fetoprotein α-胎儿蛋白 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-fetoprotein
AFT Autologous Fat Transfer 自体脂肪转移
AFV amniotic fluid volume 羊水量
AGA appropriate for gestational age 产前发育 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_development#Growth_rate
AGB Adjustable Gastric Banding 可调胃束带
AGE acute gastroenteritis 肠胃炎 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritis
AH abductor hallucis 外展幻觉 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abductor_hallucis_muscle
AH alcoholic hepatitis 酒精性肝炎 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholic_hepatitis
AHI apnea-hypopnea index 呼吸紊乱指数 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apnea%E2%80%93hypopnea_index
AI aortic insufficiency 主动脉瓣关闭不全 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_insufficiency
AI apnea index 呼吸暂停指数
AIBV Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus 禽传染性支气管炎病毒
AICD automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator 自动植入式心脏复律除颤器
AIDP Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy 急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病
AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome 艾滋病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS
AIED Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease 自身免疫性内耳疾病
AIIRD autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease 自身免疫性炎性风湿病
AIS ASIA impairment scale 亚洲减损量表
AIS acute ischemic stroke 急性缺血性中风
AIUM American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 美国超声医学研究所 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Institute_of_Ultrasound_in_Medicine
AJ ankle jerk 脚踝混蛋 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankle_jerk_reflex
AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer 美国癌症联合委员会 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Joint_Committee_on_Cancer
AK Arcuate keratotomy 弓形角膜切开术
AK above knee 膝盖以上
AK actinic keratosis 光化性角化病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinic_keratosis
AKA above knee amputation 截肢 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amputation#Types
AKI acute kidney injury 急性肾损伤 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_kidney_injury
ALA 5-aminolevulinic acid 5-氨基乙酰丙酸 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminolevulinic_acid
ALA-PDT 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy 5-氨基乙酰丙酸介导的光动力疗法
ALD Assistive Listening Device 辅助听力装置 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistive_listening_device
ALDH aldehyde dehydrogenase 醛脱氢酶 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldehyde_dehydrogenase
ALF acute liver failure 急性肝衰竭 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_liver_failure
ALI Acute Limb Ischemia 急性肢体缺血
ALI acute lung injury 急性呼吸窘迫综合症 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome
ALIF Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion 前腰椎椎间融合
ALK anaplastic lymphoma kinase 间变性淋巴瘤激酶 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaplastic_lymphoma_kinase
ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia 急性淋巴性白血病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia Y
ALL acute lymphocytic leukemia 急性淋巴性白血病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia
ALL allergies 过敏 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy
ALNT Autologous Lymph Node Transfer 自体淋巴结转移
ALP alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_phosphatase
ALS advanced life support 先进的生活支持 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_life_support
ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis
ALT alanine aminotransferase 谷丙转氨酶 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_transaminase
ALTE Apparent Life-Threatening Event 明显威胁生命的事件
AMA advanced maternal age 高龄产妇 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_maternal_age
AMA against medical advice 反对医疗建议 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Against_medical_advice
AMA antimitochondrial antibody 抗线粒体抗体 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-mitochondrial_antibody
AMC-BAL Amsterdam Medical Center bioartificial liver 阿姆斯特丹医学中心生物人工肝
AMD aging macular degeneration 黄斑变性
AMH anti-mullerian hormone 抗穆氏管荷尔蒙 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-M%C3%BCllerian_hormone
AMI acute myocardial infarction 心肌梗死 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarction
AML acute myelogenous leukemia 急性骨髓性白血病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemia
AMLS advanced medical life support 先进的医疗生活支持
AMML acute myelomonocytic leukemia 急性粒细胞性白血病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_myelomonocytic_leukemia
AMP amphetamine 苯丙胺 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetamine
AMS altered mental status 精神状态改变 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altered_level_of_consciousness
ANA antinuclear antibody 抗核抗体 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-nuclear_antibody
ANC absolute neutrophil count 中性粒细胞绝对计数 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_neutrophil_count
ANED alive no evidence of disease 活着没有疾病的证据
ANF atrial natriuretic factor 心房钠尿肽 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_natriuretic_peptide
ANOVA analysis of variance 方差分析 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_variance
ANP atrial natriuretic peptide 心房钠尿肽 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_natriuretic_peptide
AOB Aortic Occlusion Balloon 主动脉阻塞球囊
AOB assignment of benefits 利益分配
AOCD Anemia of Chronic Disease 慢性疾病性贫血 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemia_of_chronic_disease
AOD atlanto-occipital dislocation 寰枕脱位 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlanto-occipital_dislocation
AODM adult-onset diabetes mellitus 成人发病的糖尿病
AOM Acute Otitis Media 急性中耳炎
AOT Assisted Outpatient Treatment 辅助门诊治疗
AP abdomen/pelvis 腹部/骨盆
AP anteroposterior 人体解剖学方位 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location#Anterior_and_posterior
AP attending physician 主治医师 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attending_physician
AP-MS affinity-purification mass spectrometry 亲和纯化质谱
APAAP alkaline phosphatase monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶单克隆抗碱性磷酸酶
APAP acetaminophen 对乙酰氨基酚 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracetamol
APAP autotitrating positive airway pressure 自动滴定气道正压
APC adenomatous polyposis coli 腺瘤性息肉病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenomatous_polyposis_coli
APC atrial premature contraction 心房过早收缩 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premature_atrial_contraction
APCD advanced pneumatic compression device 先进的气动压缩装置
APD Auditory Processing Disorder 听觉处理障碍 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditory_processing_disorder
APD Automated Peritoneal Dialysis 自动化腹膜透析
APHE arterial phase hyperenhancement 动脉期过度增强
APL abductor pollicis longus 外阴长牙 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abductor_pollicis_longus_muscle
APR Abdominal Perineal Resection 腹部会阴切除
APRV airway pressure release ventilation 气道压力释放通气 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airway_pressure_release_ventilation
AQ aquapheresis 水分置换疗法 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquapheresis
AQLQ Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire 哮喘生活质量问卷
AQP aquaporin 水通道蛋白 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin Y
AR Allergic Rhinitis 过敏性鼻炎
AR androgen receptor 雄激素受体 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen_receptor
AR aortic regurgitation 主动脉瓣关闭不全 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_insufficiency
ARA accessory renal arteries 副肾动脉
ARA arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidonic_acid
ARAG autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia 常染色体隐性隐球蛋白球蛋白血症
ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker 血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_II_receptor_blocker
ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合症 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome
ARF acute renal failure 急性肾损伤 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_kidney_injury
ARF acute rheumatic fever 风湿热 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatic_fever
ARM anorectal malformation 肛肠畸形 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperforate_anus
AROM artificial rupture of membranes 膜的人为破裂 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_rupture_of_membranes
ART Antiretroviral Therapy 抗逆转录病毒药物 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_HIV/AIDS
ARV antiretroviral 抗逆转录病毒药物 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_HIV/AIDS
ARVC arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy 心律失常性右室心肌病 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrhythmogenic_cardiomyopathy
ARVD Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia 心律失常性右室发育不良
AS ankylosing spondylitis 强直性脊柱炎 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankylosing_spondylitis
AS aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_stenosis
AS-OCT anterior segment optical coherence tomography 前段光学相干断层扫描
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists 美国麻醉医师学会 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Society_of_Anesthesiologists

Common Abbreviations Used in Medical Science

EG abb EG full name Other
(ver change, need to know…etc.)
ABG arterial blood gas
ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone
ADH antidiuretic hormone
AED automated external defibrillator
AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
ALP alkaline phosphatase
ALT alanine aminotransferase old version is SGPT
ASA acetylsalicylic acid aspirin
AST aspartate aminotransferase old version is SGOT
ATP adenosine triphosphate
BCG bacille Calmette-Guérin
bid 2 times a day
BIBPD brought in by police
BLS basic life support
BMR basal metabolic rate
BP blood pressure
BSA body surface area
BUN blood urea nitrogen
BR bedside rounds
BPD borderline personality disorder
C Celsius; centigrade; complement
Ca calcium
cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CBC complete blood count
cGy centigray
Ci curie
CK creatine kinase
Cl chloride; chlorine
cm centimeter
CNS central nervous system
CO2 carbon dioxide
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CPK creatine phosphokinase
CPK-MB creatine phosphokinase muscle bandisoenzyme
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CSF cerebrospinal fluid
CT computed tomography
Cu cubic
D & C dilation and curettage
dL deciliter 1 dL = 100 mL
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
DTP diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis(toxoids/vaccine)
D/W dextrose in water
ECF extracellular fluid
ECG electrocardiogram
EEG electroencephalogram
EGD esophagogastroduodenoscopy
ENT ear nose and throat
ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate
F Fahrenheit
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Ft foot; feet measure unit
FUO fever of unknown origin
G gram
GFR glomerular filtration rate
GI gastrointestinal
GVHD Graft-versus-host disease
G6PD glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
GU genitourinary
Gy gray
H hour
Hb hemoglobin
HCl hydrochloric acid; hydrochloride
HCO3 bicarbonate
Hct hematocrit
Hg mercury
HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
HIV human immunodeficiency virus
HLA human leukocyte antigen
HMG-CoA hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A
Hz hertz cycles/second unit
hs at bedtime
ICF intracellular fluid
ICU intensive care unit
IgA etc. immunoglobin A
IL interleukin
IM intramuscular(ly)
INR international normalized ratio
IPPB intermittent positive pressure breathing
IU international unit
IV intravenous(ly)
IVU intravenous urography
K potassium
kcal kilocalorie mean food calorie
kg kilogram
L liter
lb pound
LDH lactic dehydrogenase
LDLc low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
M molar
m meter
MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin
MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
mCi millicurie
MCV mean corpuscular volume
mEq Milliequivalent
Mg magnesium
mg milligram
MI myocardial infarction
MIC minimum inhibitory concentration
mIU milli-international unit
mL milliliter
mm millimeter
mmol millimole
mo month
mol wt molecular weight
mOsm Milliosmole
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
N nitrogen; normal unit to measure strength of solution
Na sodium
NaCl sodium chloride
ng nanogram also name as millimicrogram
nm nanometer also name as millimicron
nmol nanomole
Npo nothing by mouth
NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
O2 oxygen
OTC over-the-counter pharmaceuticals
oz ounce
P phosphorus; pressure
PAco2 alveolar carbon dioxide partial pressure
Paco2 arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure
PAo2 alveolar oxygen partial pressure
Pao2 arterial oxygen partial pressure
PAS periodic acid-Schiff
Pco2 carbon dioxide partial pressure or tension
PCR polymerase chain reaction
PET positron emission tomography
pg picogram micromicrogram
pH hydrogen ion concentration
PMN polymorphonuclear leukocyte
po orally
Po2 oxygen partial pressure or tension
PPD purified protein derivative tuberculin
ppm parts per million
prn as needed
PT prothrombin time
PTT partial thromboplastin time
q every
qid 4 times a day
RA rheumatoid arthritis
RBC red blood cell
RNA ribonucleic acid
Sao2 arterial oxygen saturation
SBE subacute bacterial endocarditis
sc subcutaneous(ly)
SI International System of Units
SIDS sudden infant death syndrome
SLE systemic lupus erythematosus
soln solution
sp species singular
spp species plural
sp gr specific gravity
sq square
SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
STS serologic test(s) for syphilis
T&A tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
TB tuberculosis
TIBC total iron-binding capacity
tid 3 times a day
TPN total parenteral nutrition
URI upper respiratory infection
UTI urinary tract infection
WBC white blood cell
WHO World Health Organization
wt weight
μ micro-; micron
μCi microcurie
μg microgram
μL microliter
μm micrometer also name micron
μmol micromole
μOsm micro-osmole
mμ millimicron also name nanometer

References

  1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_medical_abbreviations
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Doctor visit helper

Prepare before seeing a doctor

A simple rural-patient checklist to help you explain symptoms clearly, ask better questions, and avoid unsafe self-treatment.

Safety note: This is not a prescription or diagnosis. For severe symptoms, pregnancy danger signs, children with serious illness, chest pain, breathing difficulty, stroke-like weakness, or major injury, seek urgent care.

Which doctor may help?

Dermatologist or general physician; emergency care for severe allergic reaction.

What to tell the doctor

  • Take photos of rash progression and bring list of new medicines/foods/cosmetics.

Questions to ask

  • Is this allergy, infection, eczema, psoriasis, drug reaction, or another skin disease?
  • Is steroid cream safe for this place and duration?

Tests to discuss

  • Skin examination
  • Skin scraping/KOH test if fungal infection is suspected
  • Biopsy only for unclear or serious lesions

Avoid these mistakes

  • Avoid unknown mixed creams, especially on face, groin, children, or pregnancy.
  • Seek urgent care for swelling of lips/face, breathing trouble, widespread blisters, or rash with fever.

Medicine safety and first-aid guide

This section is for patient education only. It does not replace a doctor, pharmacist, or emergency care.

Safe first steps

  • Avoid heavy lifting, sudden bending, and prolonged bed rest.
  • Use comfortable posture and gentle movement as tolerated.
  • Discuss physiotherapy, X-ray, or MRI only when clinically needed.

OTC medicine safety

  • For mild back pain, pain-relief medicine may be discussed with a doctor or pharmacist.
  • Avoid repeated painkiller use if you have kidney disease, stomach ulcer, uncontrolled blood pressure, or are taking blood thinners.

Avoid these mistakes

  • Do not start antibiotics without a proper medical decision.
  • Do not use steroid tablets or injections casually for quick relief.
  • Do not delay emergency care because of home remedies.

Get urgent help if

  • Back pain with leg weakness, numbness around private area, loss of urine/stool control, fever, cancer history, or major injury needs urgent care.
Medicine names, dose, and timing must be decided by a qualified clinician or pharmacist after checking age, pregnancy, allergy, other diseases, and current medicines.

For rural patients and family caregivers

Patient health record and symptom diary

Write your symptoms, medicines already taken, test results, and questions before visiting a doctor. This note stays on your device unless you print or copy it.

Doctor to discuss: Orthopedic / spine specialist, physical medicine doctor, or qualified clinician
Tests to discuss with doctor
  • Neurological examination for leg power, sensation, reflexes, and straight leg raise
  • X-ray only if injury, deformity, long-lasting pain, or doctor suspects bone problem
  • MRI discussion if severe nerve symptoms, weakness, bladder/bowel problem, or persistent symptoms
Questions to ask
  • What is the most likely cause of my symptoms?
  • Which warning signs mean I should go to emergency care?
  • Which tests are really needed now?
  • Which medicines are safe for my age, pregnancy status, allergy, kidney/liver/stomach condition, and current medicines?
  • Is physiotherapy, posture correction, or activity modification needed?

Emergency warning signs such as chest pain, severe breathing difficulty, sudden weakness, confusion, severe dehydration, major injury, or loss of bladder/bowel control need urgent medical care. Do not wait for online information.

Safe pathway to proper treatment

Care roadmap for: List of Medical Abbreviations/ A to Z List

Use this simple roadmap to understand the next safe steps. It is educational and does not replace examination by a doctor.

Go to emergency care if you notice:
  • Severe or rapidly worsening symptoms
  • Breathing difficulty, chest pain, fainting, confusion, severe weakness, major injury, or severe dehydration
Doctor / service to discuss: Qualified healthcare provider; specialist depends on symptoms and examination.
  1. Step 1

    Check danger signs first

    If danger signs are present, seek emergency care and do not wait for online information.

  2. Step 2

    Record the symptom story

    Write when symptoms started, severity, medicines already taken, allergies, pregnancy status, and test results.

  3. Step 3

    Visit a qualified clinician

    A doctor, nurse, or qualified healthcare provider can examine you and decide which tests or treatment are needed.

  4. Step 4

    Do only useful tests

    Do tests after clinical assessment. Avoid unnecessary tests, random antibiotics, or repeated medicines without diagnosis.

  5. Step 5

    Follow up and return early if worse

    If symptoms worsen, new warning signs appear, or treatment is not helping, return for review quickly.

Rural patient practical tips
  • Take a written symptom diary and all previous prescriptions/test reports.
  • Do not hide medicines already taken, even herbal or over-the-counter medicines.
  • Ask which warning signs mean urgent referral to hospital.

This roadmap is for education. A real diagnosis and treatment plan requires history, examination, and clinical judgment.