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Meloxicam is an oxicam derivative and a non-steroidal infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।" data-rx-term="inflammation" data-rx-definition="Inflammation is the body’s response to injury, infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।">inflammation, pain, or swelling. সহজ বাংলা: প্রদাহ/ফোলা/ব্যথা কমায়।" data-rx-term="anti-inflammatory" data-rx-definition="Anti-inflammatory means reducing inflammation, pain, or swelling. সহজ বাংলা: প্রদাহ/ফোলা/ব্যথা কমায়।">anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities. Unlike traditional nonselective NSAIDs, meloxicam preferentially inhibits the activity of cyclo-oxygenase II (COX-II), resulting in a decreased conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandin precursors. The resulting decrease in prostaglandin synthesis is responsible for the therapeutic effects of meloxicam.
Meloxicam is a long-acting nonsteroidal infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।" data-rx-term="inflammation" data-rx-definition="Inflammation is the body’s response to injury, infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।">inflammation, pain, or swelling. সহজ বাংলা: প্রদাহ/ফোলা/ব্যথা কমায়।" data-rx-term="anti-inflammatory" data-rx-definition="Anti-inflammatory means reducing inflammation, pain, or swelling. সহজ বাংলা: প্রদাহ/ফোলা/ব্যথা কমায়।">anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) available by prescription only and used in therapy of chronic stiffness, or reduced movement. সহজ বাংলা: জয়েন্টের প্রদাহ।" data-rx-term="arthritis" data-rx-definition="Arthritis means joint inflammation causing pain, swelling, stiffness, or reduced movement. সহজ বাংলা: জয়েন্টের প্রদাহ।">arthritis. Meloxicam has been linked to rare instances of acute, clinically apparent liver injury.
Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-meloxicam is a long-acting nonsteroidal infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।" data-rx-term="inflammation" data-rx-definition="Inflammation is the body’s response to injury, infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।">inflammation, pain, or swelling. সহজ বাংলা: প্রদাহ/ফোলা/ব্যথা কমায়।" data-rx-term="anti-inflammatory" data-rx-definition="Anti-inflammatory means reducing inflammation, pain, or swelling. সহজ বাংলা: প্রদাহ/ফোলা/ব্যথা কমায়।">anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) available by prescription only and used in therapy of chronic stiffness, or reduced movement. সহজ বাংলা: জয়েন্টের প্রদাহ।" data-rx-term="arthritis" data-rx-definition="Arthritis means joint inflammation causing pain, swelling, stiffness, or reduced movement. সহজ বাংলা: জয়েন্টের প্রদাহ।">arthritis. Meloxicam has been linked to rare instances of acute, clinically apparent liver injury, inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve the symptoms of arthritis, primary dysmenorrhea, fever; and as an analgesic, especially where there is an inflammatory component.
Mechanism of Action of Meloxicam
infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।" data-rx-term="inflammation" data-rx-definition="Inflammation is the body’s response to injury, infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।">inflammation, pain, or swelling. সহজ বাংলা: প্রদাহ/ফোলা/ব্যথা কমায়।" data-rx-term="anti-inflammatory" data-rx-definition="Anti-inflammatory means reducing inflammation, pain, or swelling. সহজ বাংলা: প্রদাহ/ফোলা/ব্যথা কমায়।">Anti-inflammatory effects of meloxicam are believed to be due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase (cylooxygenase), leading to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. As prostaglandins sensitize pain receptors, inhibition of their synthesis may be associated with the analgesic and antipyretic effects of meloxicam. Prostaglandins are substances that contribute to inflammation of joints. Meloxicam inhibits prostaglandin synthetase (cyclooxygenase 1 and 2) and leads to a decrease in the synthesis of prostaglandins, therefore, inflammation is reduced.
or
Meloxicam, an oxicam derivative that is structurally related to piroxicam, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA) exhibiting analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory actions. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that meloxicam inhibits the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) isoform of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (prostaglandin G/H synthase [PGHS]) to a greater extent than the COX-1 isoform. However, meloxicam’s COX-2 selectivity is dose dependent and is diminished at higher dosages. Therefore meloxicam sometimes has been referred to as a “preferential” rather than “selective” COX-2 inhibitor.
Indications of Meloxicam
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Migraines
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- Acute and chronic rheumatoid arthritis,
- Mild to moderate pain associated with musculotendinous trauma (sprains and strains),
- Postpartum pain.
- Treatment of some pain, especially nerve pain such as
- Sciatica,
- Postherpetic neuralgia
- Referred pain for radiculopathy.
- Pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
- Polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, chronic or unspecified
- Frozen shoulder
- Pain with itching,
- Tendonitis
- Bursitis
Therapeutic Uses
- Meloxicam is indicated for the relief of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals.
- Meloxicam is used for the management of the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in adults. In the management of rheumatoid arthritis in adults, NSAIAs may be useful for initial symptomatic treatment; however, NSAIAs do not alter the course of the disease or prevent joint destruction.
Contra Indications of Meloxicam
- Systemic mastocytosis
- Increased risk of bleeding due to a clotting disorder
- Alcoholism
- High blood pressure
- Chronic heart failure
- Disease of the heart and blood vessels
- Stroke
- Ulcer from stomach acid
- Stomach or intestinal ulcer
- Liver problems
- Bleeding of the stomach or intestines
- Kidney stone
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Visible water retention
- Pregnancy
- A mother who is producing milk and breastfeeding
- A rupture in the wall of the stomach or intestine
- Increased cardiovascular event risk
- The time immediately after coronary bypass surgery
- chronic kidney disease stage 4 (severe)
Dosages of Meloxicam
Strengths: 5 mg; 7.5 mg;10 mg ;15 mg; 7.5 mg/5 mL;
Osteoarthritis
Oral Capsules
- Initial dose: 5 mg orally once a day
- Maintenance dose: 10 mg orally once a day in patients requiring additional analgesia
- Maximum dose: 10 mg orally once a day
Oral Suspension and Tablets
- Initial dose: 7.5 mg orally once a day
- Maintenance dose: 15 mg orally once a day in patients requiring additional analgesia
- Maximum dose: 15 mg orally once a day
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Oral Suspension and Tablets
- Initial dose: 7.5 mg orally once a day
- Maintenance dose: 15 mg orally once a day in patients requiring additional analgesia
- Maximum dose: 15 mg orally once a day
Pediatric Dose for Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
2 years or older
- Oral Suspension: 0.125 mg/kg orally once a day
- Maximum dose: 7.5 mg orally once a day
Side Effects of Meloxicam
The common
- stomach pain
- abdominal or stomach pain, cramping, or burning (severe)
- bloody or black, tarry stools
- blurred vision or any change in vision
- chest pain
- allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
- convulsions (seizures)
- fast or irregular breathing
- fast, irregular heartbeat or pulse
- indigestion
- nausea, vomiting
- diarrhea
More common
- Acid or sour stomach
- constipation
- headache
- heartburn
- nausea or vomiting
- skin rash
- stomach pain
- constipation
- gas
- rash
Less common
- Excess air or gas in the stomach or intestines
- itching skin
- passing gas
- stomach cramps
- swelling
- weight loss
- diarrhea
- indigestion or heartburn
- nausea
- dizziness
- headache
- itching or rash
Rare
- Anxiety
- change in vision
- seizures
- abnormal or fast heart rate
- weight loss
- chest pain or tightness
- confusion
- cough
- Agitation
- arm, back, or jaw pain
- blurred vision
- chest pain or discomfort
- convulsions
- extra heartbeats
- hallucinations
- headache
- irritability
- muscle pain or cramps
- pale or yellowed skin, dark colored urine, fever, confusion or weakness;
- jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
- sore throat, and headache with a severe blistering, peeling, and red skin rash;
- swelling, rapid weight gain, feeling short of breath (even with mild exertion); or
- increased thirst, loss of appetite, urinating less than usual or not at all.
Drug Interactions of Meloxicam
Meloxicam may interact with following drugs, supplyments & may change the efficacy of drugs
- aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g., amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin)
- angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (e.g., ramipril, enalapril, captopril, quinapril)
- angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs; e.g., candasartan, irbesartan, losartan)
- “azole” antifungals (e.g., itraconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole)
- beta-adrenergic blockers (e.g., atenolol, propranolol, sotalol)
- bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate, etidronate)
- carbamazepine
- celecoxib
- cilostazol
- clopidogrel
- cyclosporine
- dabigatran
- dasatinib
- diuretics (water pills; e.g., furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, triamterene)
- fluvastatin
- haloperidol
- heparin
- ibrutinib
- methotrexate
- multivitamins (with vitamins A, E) with or without minerals
- nilotinib
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs; e.g., diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen)
- omega-3 fatty acids
- omeprazole
- oral corticosteroids (e.g., dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, prednisone)
- pentoxifylline
- phenobarbital
- phenytoin
- quinolone antibiotics (e.g., ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin)
- selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; e.g., citalopram, duloxetine, fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline)
- serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs; e.g., duloxetine, venlafaxine)
- sulfasalazine
- tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, trimipramine
Pregnancy & Lactation of Meloxicam
FDA pregnancy catagory C
Meloxicam falls into category C before the 30th week of pregnancy, and category D after the 30th week. For Pregnancy Category C before the 30th week of pregnancy
Pregnancy
This medication should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately. It must not be used during the last 3 months of pregnancy as it may cause heart and kidney problems for the developing baby and cause prolonged labor with excessive bleeding during delivery.
Lactation
Many anti-inflammatory medications are known to pass into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are taking meloxicam, it may affect your baby. Breast-feeding is not recommended while you are taking meloxicam. The safety and effectiveness of using this medication have not been established for children.
References
