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Cefodizime is a third-generation, aminothiazolyl cephalosporin for parenteral use. Cefodizime has broad-spectrum activity and is stable to most beta-lactamases. Clinically, it has been shown to be effective against upper and lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and gonorrhea. Cefodizime is a bactericidal bacterial infections. সহজ বাংলা: ব্যাকটেরিয়ার সংক্রমণের ওষুধ।" data-rx-term="antibiotic" data-rx-definition="An antibiotic is a medicine used to treat bacterial infections. সহজ বাংলা: ব্যাকটেরিয়ার সংক্রমণের ওষুধ।">antibiotic that targets penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) 1A/B, 2, and 3 resulting in the eventual death of the bacterial cell. In vivo, experimental models of infection showed that bacterial clearance by this drug is at least as effective compared with other 3rd generation cephalosporins. It has a similar adverse effect profile to other 3rd generation cephalosporins as well, mainly being limited to gastrointestinal or dermatological side effects.
Mechanism of Action of Cefodizime
Cefodizime is a third-generation, semi-synthetic, beta-lactam cephalosporin bacterial infections. সহজ বাংলা: ব্যাকটেরিয়ার সংক্রমণের ওষুধ।" data-rx-term="antibiotic" data-rx-definition="An antibiotic is a medicine used to treat bacterial infections. সহজ বাংলা: ব্যাকটেরিয়ার সংক্রমণের ওষুধ।">antibiotic with antibacterial activity. Cefodizime binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), transpeptidases that are responsible for crosslinking of peptidoglycan. By preventing crosslinking of peptidoglycan, cell wall integrity is lost and cell wall synthesis is halted. Intramuscular cefodizime bioavailability ranges from 90% to 100%. It distributes into many tissues and is approximately 81% bound to plasma proteins, chiefly albumin. The drug reaches minimum inhibitory concentrations approximately 2–3 hours after administration, maintaining it for several hours afterward. Clearance of cefodizime from the body is predominantly renal, with the majority of the drug excreted unchanged within the first 12 hours. More specifically, cefodizime is mainly cleared via glomerular filtration in the kidney, in addition to some tubular secretion. In patients with normal renal function, the terminal phase elimination half-life is approximately 3.5 hours.
Indications of Cefodizime
For the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of microorganisms.
- Intra-Abdominal
- For the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains microorganisms.
- Lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia and lung abscess,s
- Urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species,
- Intra-abdominal infections, including peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscess,
- Gynecological infections, including endometritis, pelvic cellulitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease caused
- Bacterial Infections
- Bloodstream Infections
- Otitis media,
- Sinusitis,
- Pharyngotonsillitis,
- Lower respiratory tract infections,
- Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis,
- Tracheobronchitis,
- Pneumonia,
- Urinary tract infections,
- Central Nervous System Infections
- Community-Acquired Pneumonia
- Endometritis
- Gonococcal pain, swelling, stiffness, or reduced movement. সহজ বাংলা: জয়েন্টের প্রদাহ।" data-rx-term="arthritis" data-rx-definition="Arthritis means joint inflammation causing pain, swelling, stiffness, or reduced movement. সহজ বাংলা: জয়েন্টের প্রদাহ।">arthritis
- Gonorrhea
- Infected animal bite
- Intra-Abdominal Infections
- Lower respiratory tract infection bacterial
- Lyme Neuroborreliosis
- Meningitis bacterial
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- Pelvic cellulitis
- Peritonitis bacterial
- Pneumonia, Bacterial
- Postoperative Infections
- Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Bacterial Infections
- Aspiration Pneumonia Cesarean Section
- Bronchitis
- Tonsillitis
Contra-Indications of Cefodizime
- Hemolytic anemia
- Liver problems
- Interstitial nephritis
- Kidney disease in severe condition
- Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Allergies cephalosporins & beta-lactams
Dosage of Cefodizime
Strengths:500 mg, 1000 mg , 1g, 2 g, I.V
Lower resp tract infections; UTI
- 1-2 g 12 or 24 hourly. Up to 4 g/day in severe infections.
Gonorrhea
- 0.25-0.5 g as a single dose.
Lower respiratory tract infections,
- 1-2 g every 12 or 24 hr via IM or IV infusions. Up to 4 g/day may be used in severe infections.
Urinary tract infections
- 1-2 g every 12 or 24 hr via IM or IV infusions. Up to 4 g/day may be used in severe infections.
Gonorrhea
- 0.25-0.5 g as a single dose given by IM or IV infusions.
Side Effects of Cefodizime
The most common
- mild nausea
- loss of appetite
- vaginal discharge and itching
- swelling of feet or legs
- chest pain
- constipation
- local pain when an area is touched or pressed. সহজ বাংলা: চাপ দিলে ব্যথা।" data-rx-term="tenderness" data-rx-definition="Tenderness means pain when an area is touched or pressed. সহজ বাংলা: চাপ দিলে ব্যথা।">tenderness or pain at the site of injection
- skin color change, mild diarrhea
- cough
- diarrhea or loose stools
- difficulty with breathing
- dizziness
- heartburn
More common
- Abdominal or stomach pain, discomfort, or pain when an area is touched or pressed. সহজ বাংলা: চাপ দিলে ব্যথা।" data-rx-term="tenderness" data-rx-definition="Tenderness means pain when an area is touched or pressed. সহজ বাংলা: চাপ দিলে ব্যথা।">tenderness
- chills or fever
- difficulty with moving
- a headache, severe and throbbing
- joint or back pain
- muscle aching or cramping
- muscle pains or stiffness
- chest pressure or squeezing pain in the chest
- excessive sweating
- feeling of heaviness, pain, warmth and/or swelling in a leg or in the pelvis
- sudden tingling or coldness in an arm or leg
- sudden slow or difficult speech
- sudden drowsiness or need to sleep
- fast breathing
- sharp pain when taking a deep breath
- fast or slow heartbeat
- coughing up blood
- rust colored urine
- decreased amount of urine
Rare
- Anxiety
- change in vision
- seizures
- abnormal or fast heart rate
- tremors
- weight loss
- chest pain or tightness
- confusion
- a cough
- Agitation
- arm, back, or jaw pain
- blurred vision
- chest pain or discomfort
- convulsions
- extra heartbeats
- fainting
- hallucinations
- a headache
- irritability
- lightheadedness
- mood or mental changes
- muscle pain or cramps
Drug Interactions of
Cefodizime may interact with following drugs, supplements, & may change the efficacy of drugs
- aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g., gentamicin, tobramycin)
- probenecid
- typhoid vaccine
- cholera vaccine,
- amoxicillin
- BCG vaccine
- Aspirin Low Strength (aspirin)
- Diphenhydramine
- Rosuvastatin
- Duloxetine
- Albuterol
- Topiramate
- Carbamazepine
- Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
- Alprazolam
- Cetirizine
- Phenprocoumon
- Picosulfuric acid
- Warfarin
Pregnancy Catagory
FDA Pregnancy Category B
Pregnancy
It is not known if cefodizime is safe for use by pregnant women. This medication should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately.
Lactation
This medication may pass into breast milk. If you are a breastfeeding mother and are taking cefodizime it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breastfeeding. It is not known if cefodizime is safe for children under 6 months of age.
References
