Angiokeratoma of the Vulva

Last updated: February 8, 2026Reviewed date: February 8, 2026Reading time: 14 min read
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Angiokeratoma of the Vulva
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Angiokeratoma of the vulva is a benign condition that results in the formation of small, red, or blue lesions on the vulva. These lesions are caused by the dilation of blood vessels in the skin and can sometimes bleed. In this article, we will discuss...

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Article Summary

Angiokeratoma of the vulva is a benign condition that results in the formation of small, red, or blue lesions on the vulva. These lesions are caused by the dilation of blood vessels in the skin and can sometimes bleed. In this article, we will discuss the different types of angiokeratoma of the vulva, their symptoms, and how they are treated. Classic angiokeratoma of the vulva:...

Key Takeaways

  • This article explains Causes in simple medical language.
  • This article explains Symptoms in simple medical language.
  • This article explains Diagnosis in simple medical language.
  • This article explains Treatment in simple medical language.
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Definition

Angiokeratoma of the vulva is a benign condition that results in the formation of small, red, or blue lesions on the vulva. These lesions are caused by the dilation of blood vessels in the skin and can sometimes bleed. In this article, we will discuss the different types of angiokeratoma of the vulva, their symptoms, and how they are treated.

  1. Classic angiokeratoma of the vulva: The classic type of angiokeratoma of the vulva is the most common form. It usually affects women between the ages of 20 and 50. The lesions are typically small, less than 5 mm in diameter, and are located on the labia minora or majora. They are usually asymptomatic, but in some cases, they can cause mild itching or bleeding. Treatment is not always necessary, but if the lesions are causing discomfort, they can be removed with laser therapy, electrocautery, or surgical excision.
  2. Fordyce angiokeratoma of the vulva: Fordyce angiokeratoma of the vulva is a rare form of angiokeratoma that typically affects women over the age of 50. It is characterized by multiple, small, red or blue papules located on the labia majora. The lesions are usually asymptomatic, but in some cases, they can cause mild discomfort or itching. Treatment is not always necessary, but if the lesions are causing discomfort, they can be removed with laser therapy, electrocautery, or surgical excision.
  3. Mibelli angiokeratoma of the vulva: Mibelli angiokeratoma of the vulva is a rare form of angiokeratoma that is usually inherited. It typically affects women in their teens or early twenties. The lesions are typically small, red or blue, and are located on the labia minora or majora. They are usually asymptomatic, but in some cases, they can cause mild itching or burning. Treatment is not always necessary, but if the lesions are causing discomfort, they can be removed with laser therapy, electrocautery, or surgical excision.
  4. Angiokeratoma circumscriptum of the vulva: Angiokeratoma circumscriptum of the vulva is a rare form of angiokeratoma that is usually present at birth. It is characterized by a localized area of dark red or purple lesions on the vulva. The lesions are usually asymptomatic, but in some cases, they can cause mild discomfort or bleeding. Treatment is not always necessary, but if the lesions are causing discomfort, they can be removed with laser therapy, electrocautery, or surgical excision.
  5. Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum of the vulva: Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum of the vulva is a rare form of angiokeratoma that is usually inherited. It is characterized by multiple, dark red or purple lesions on the vulva, and can also affect other parts of the body. The lesions are usually asymptomatic, but in some cases, they can cause mild discomfort or bleeding. Treatment is not always necessary, but if the lesions are causing discomfort, they can be removed with laser therapy, electrocautery, or surgical excision.

Causes

potential causes of angiokeratoma of the vulva, along with some basic details about each one.

  1. Genetics: Some people may have a genetic predisposition to developing angiokeratoma of the vulva. If someone in your family has this condition, you may be more likely to develop it yourself.
  2. Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in hormone levels, such as those that occur during pregnancy, menopause, or puberty, may contribute to the development of angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  3. Age: Angiokeratoma of the vulva is most commonly seen in women over the age of 50, although it can occur at any age.
  4. Obesity: Being overweight or obese may increase your risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  5. insulin is low or not working well. সহজ বাংলা: রক্তে চিনি বেশি থাকার রোগ।" data-rx-term="diabetes" data-rx-definition="Diabetes is a condition where blood sugar stays too high because insulin is low or not working well. সহজ বাংলা: রক্তে চিনি বেশি থাকার রোগ।">Diabetes: People with diabetes are more likely to develop angiokeratoma of the vulva than those without the condition.
  6. Hypertension: High blood pressure can increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  7. Cardiovascular disease: People with cardiovascular disease may be more likely to develop angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  8. Smoking: Smoking is a known risk factor for many health conditions, and may also increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  9. Chronic infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।" data-rx-term="inflammation" data-rx-definition="Inflammation is the body’s response to injury, infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।">inflammation: Long-term inflammation in the vulva may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma.
  10. Trauma: Trauma to the vulva, such as from sexual intercourse, may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma.
  11. Use of certain medications: Some medications, such as blood thinners, may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  12. Sun exposure: Excessive exposure to the sun’s UV rays may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  13. Viral infections: Certain viral infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  14. Bacterial infections: Certain bacterial infections, such as staphylococcus aureus, may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  15. Fungal infections: Certain fungal infections, such as candidiasis, may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  16. Autoimmune diseases: Certain autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  17. Chronic skin conditions: Chronic skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis, may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  18. Chemical irritants: Exposure to certain chemicals, such as detergents or soaps, may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  19. Poor hygiene: Poor hygiene practices may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.
  20. Sexually transmitted infections: Certain sexually transmitted infections, such as herpes or syphilis, may increase the risk of developing angiokeratoma of the vulva.

Symptoms

Symptoms of angiokeratoma of the vulva and provide detailed explanations for each symptom.

  1. Bumps on the vulva – The most common symptom of angiokeratoma of the vulva is the formation of small, red or blue bumps on the vulva. These bumps are typically painless and may be itchy or uncomfortable.
  2. Skin discoloration – In some cases, angiokeratoma of the vulva can cause discoloration of the skin on the vulva. The affected area may appear darker or redder than the surrounding skin.
  3. Bleeding – Angiokeratoma of the vulva can cause bleeding, particularly if the bumps are scratched or irritated. This bleeding is usually minor and stops on its own.
  4. Pain or discomfort – If the bumps on the vulva are large or numerous, they may cause pain or discomfort. This can make it difficult to sit or engage in other activities.
  5. Itching or burning – Angiokeratoma of the vulva can cause itching or burning, particularly if the bumps are irritated or inflamed.
  6. Dry skin – The bumps caused by angiokeratoma of the vulva can cause the surrounding skin to become dry and flaky.
  7. Ulcers – In rare cases, angiokeratoma of the vulva can cause ulcers to form on the vulva. These ulcers may be painful and may take several weeks to heal.
  8. Scarring – If the bumps caused by angiokeratoma of the vulva are scratched or irritated, they may leave scars on the vulva.
  9. Pain during intercourse – If the bumps on the vulva are particularly large or numerous, they may cause pain or discomfort during intercourse.
  10. Swelling – Angiokeratoma of the vulva can cause the vulva to swell, particularly if the bumps are inflamed or irritated.
  11. Skin irritation – The bumps caused by angiokeratoma of the vulva can cause irritation of the surrounding skin, leading to redness and discomfort.
  12. Abnormal discharge – In some cases, angiokeratoma of the vulva can cause an abnormal discharge from the vagina. This discharge may be white or yellow and may have a foul odor.
  13. Numbness or tingling – If the bumps on the vulva are large or numerous, they may compress nearby nerves, causing numbness or tingling in the surrounding skin.
  14. Difficulty urinating – If the bumps caused by angiokeratoma of the vulva are large or numerous, they may make it difficult to urinate.
  15. Enlarged lymph nodes – In rare cases, angiokeratoma of the vulva can cause the lymph nodes in the groin to become enlarged.
  16. Fatigue – If angiokeratoma of the vulva is causing significant pain or discomfort, it may lead to fatigue and a general feeling of being unwell.
  17. Anxiety or depression – Living with a chronic skin condition like angiokeratoma of the vulva can be stressful and may lead to anxiety or depression.
  18. Difficulty sleeping – If the bumps caused by angiokeratoma of the vulva are particularly itchy or uncomfortable, they may make it difficult to sleep.
  19. Reduced quality of life – If angiokeratoma of the vulva is causing significant pain, discomfort, or embarrassment, it can have a negative impact on a person’s quality of life.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis and tests that can help identify and treat angiokeratoma of the vulva.

  1. Physical exam: A doctor may perform a physical exam to look for the characteristic lesions on the vulva.
  2. Biopsy: A small sample of tissue from a ulcer. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের অস্বাভাবিক দাগ, ক্ষত বা ফোলা অংশ।" data-rx-term="lesion" data-rx-definition="A lesion is an abnormal area of tissue such as a spot, wound, patch, lump, or ulcer. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের অস্বাভাবিক দাগ, ক্ষত বা ফোলা অংশ।">lesion may be taken and examined under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis of angiokeratoma.
  3. Dermoscopy: A special magnifying tool called a dermatoscope may be used to examine the lesions in more detail.
  4. Blood tests: Blood tests may be done to check for underlying medical conditions that may be causing the angiokeratoma.
  5. Ultrasound: An ultrasound may be used to examine the blood vessels in the vulva and determine if they are dilated.
  6. MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide detailed images of the vulva and surrounding tissue to help with diagnosis.
  7. CT scan: A computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to look for any underlying conditions that may be causing the angiokeratoma.
  8. Pelvic exam: A pelvic exam may be done to check for any abnormalities in the reproductive organs that may be contributing to the angiokeratoma.
  9. Pap smear: A Pap smear may be done to check for abnormal cells in the cervix, which can be a sign of cancer.
  10. Colposcopy: A colposcopy may be done to examine the vulva and cervix for any abnormalities.
  11. Vulvar biopsy: A biopsy of the vulva may be done to check for any signs of cancer or other conditions.
  12. Vulvar ultrasound: An ultrasound of the vulva may be used to examine the blood vessels and surrounding tissue.
  13. Vulvar biopsy with immunofluorescence: A biopsy of the vulva may be done with immunofluorescence to help identify the presence of certain proteins that can be a sign of autoimmune disease.
  14. Skin biopsy with immunofluorescence: A skin biopsy may be done with immunofluorescence to help identify the presence of certain proteins that can be a sign of autoimmune disease.
  15. Skin biopsy with electron microscopy: A skin biopsy may be done with electron microscopy to examine the tissue at a microscopic level.
  16. Skin biopsy with culture and sensitivity: A skin biopsy may be done with culture and sensitivity to identify any bacterial or fungal infections.
  17. Skin biopsy with PCR: A skin biopsy may be done with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the presence of certain viruses or bacteria.
  18. Blood tests for autoimmune diseases: Blood tests may be done to check for the presence of antibodies that can be a sign of autoimmune disease.
  19. Blood tests for infections: Blood tests may be done to check for the presence of antibodies or other markers of infection.
  20. Blood tests for genetic mutations: Blood tests may be done to check for genetic mutations that can cause the development of angiokeratoma.

Treatment

Non-pharmacological treatments for angiokeratoma of the vulva in detail.

  1. Observation: In some cases, angiokeratoma of the vulva may be small and asymptomatic, and can be safely observed without treatment.
  2. Topical creams: There are several topical creams available that can help to reduce the appearance of angiokeratoma of the vulva. These creams typically contain retinoids or corticosteroids.
  3. Cryotherapy: Cryotherapy involves freezing the angiokeratoma with liquid nitrogen. This procedure is minimally invasive and can be done in a doctor’s office.
  4. Electrosurgery: Electrosurgery involves using an electric current to remove the angiokeratoma. This procedure can be done in a doctor’s office and may require local anesthesia.
  5. Laser therapy: Laser therapy uses a high-energy beam of light to destroy the angiokeratoma. This procedure is non-invasive and can be done in a doctor’s office.
  6. Radiofrequency ablation: Radiofrequency ablation involves using a high-frequency electric current to destroy the angiokeratoma. This procedure can be done in a doctor’s office and may require local anesthesia.
  7. Excision: Excision involves surgically removing the angiokeratoma. This procedure is typically done under local anesthesia and may require stitches.
  8. Mohs surgery: Mohs surgery is a specialized type of excision that involves removing the angiokeratoma layer by layer until all the abnormal tissue is gone. This procedure is typically done under local anesthesia and may require stitches.
  9. Vulvar shave biopsy: A vulvar shave biopsy involves removing the angiokeratoma with a razor blade. This procedure is minimally invasive and can be done in a doctor’s office.
  10. Carbon dioxide laser ablation: Carbon dioxide laser ablation involves using a high-energy beam of light to destroy the angiokeratoma. This procedure is non-invasive and can be done in a doctor’s office.
  11. Dermabrasion: Dermabrasion involves using a high-speed rotating brush to remove the top layer of skin, including the angiokeratoma. This procedure is typically done under local anesthesia and may require stitches.
  12. Chemical peels: Chemical peels involve applying a chemical solution to the skin to remove the top layer of skin, including angiokeratoma. This procedure is typically done under local anesthesia and may require stitches.
  13. Photodynamic therapy: Photodynamic therapy involves applying a photosensitizing agent to the angiokeratoma and then exposing it to high-intensity light. This procedure can be done in a doctor’s office and may require local anesthesia.
  14. Infrared coagulation: Infrared coagulation involves using a special device to deliver infrared energy to the angiokeratoma, causing it to coagulate and die. This procedure is minimally invasive and can be done in a doctor’s office.
  15. Sclerotherapy: Sclerotherapy involves injecting a solution into the angiokeratoma to cause it to shrink and eventually disappear. This procedure is minimally invasive and can be done in a doctor’s office.
  16. Electrocautery: Electrocautery involves using a special device to apply heat to the angiokeratoma, causing it to coag

Medications

Drugs that can be used to treat this condition.

  1. Topical retinoids: Topical retinoids are a class of drugs that are derived from vitamin A. They work by stimulating cell turnover and reducing the buildup of keratin on the skin’s surface. Some topical retinoids that can be used to treat angiokeratoma of the vulva include tretinoin, adapalene, and tazarotene.
  2. Topical corticosteroids: Topical corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory drugs that can be used to reduce redness, itching, and inflammation associated with angiokeratoma of the vulva. Some topical corticosteroids that may be prescribed include hydrocortisone, betamethasone, and clobetasol.
  3. Topical calcineurin inhibitors: Topical calcineurin inhibitors are immunosuppressive drugs that can be used to reduce inflammation and prevent the accumulation of keratin on the skin’s surface. Some topical calcineurin inhibitors that can be used to treat angiokeratoma of the vulva include tacrolimus and pimecrolimus.
  4. Imiquimod: Imiquimod is a topical cream that is used to stimulate the immune system and destroy the affected tissue. This treatment is often used for small, isolated lesions and may cause some discomfort or irritation during the treatment period.
  5. Interferon alpha-2a: Interferon alpha-2a is an injectable medication that is used to stimulate the immune system and destroy the affected tissue. This treatment is often used for larger lesions or those that are difficult to access with other methods.
  6. 5-fluorouracil: 5-fluorouracil is a topical cream that is used to destroy the affected tissue by inhibiting DNA synthesis. This treatment is often used for small, isolated lesions and may cause some discomfort or irritation during the treatment period.
  7. Podophyllin: Podophyllin is a topical solution that is used to destroy the affected tissue by disrupting cell division.

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  9. https://www.aad.org/about/burden-of-skin-disease
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Doctor to discuss: Doctor / qualified healthcare provider
Tests to discuss with doctor
  • Basic vital signs: temperature, pulse, blood pressure, oxygen level if needed
  • Relevant blood, urine, imaging, or specialist tests only after clinical assessment
Questions to ask
  • What is the most likely cause of my symptoms?
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Care roadmap for: Angiokeratoma of the Vulva

Use this simple roadmap to understand the next safe steps. It is educational and does not replace examination by a doctor.

Go to emergency care if you notice:
  • Severe or rapidly worsening symptoms
  • Breathing difficulty, chest pain, fainting, confusion, severe weakness, major injury, or severe dehydration
Doctor / service to discuss: Qualified healthcare provider; specialist depends on symptoms and examination.
  1. Step 1

    Check danger signs first

    If danger signs are present, seek emergency care and do not wait for online information.

  2. Step 2

    Record the symptom story

    Write when symptoms started, severity, medicines already taken, allergies, pregnancy status, and test results.

  3. Step 3

    Visit a qualified clinician

    A doctor, nurse, or qualified healthcare provider can examine you and decide which tests or treatment are needed.

  4. Step 4

    Do only useful tests

    Do tests after clinical assessment. Avoid unnecessary tests, random antibiotics, or repeated medicines without diagnosis.

  5. Step 5

    Follow up and return early if worse

    If symptoms worsen, new warning signs appear, or treatment is not helping, return for review quickly.

Rural patient practical tips
  • Take a written symptom diary and all previous prescriptions/test reports.
  • Do not hide medicines already taken, even herbal or over-the-counter medicines.
  • Ask which warning signs mean urgent referral to hospital.

This roadmap is for education. A real diagnosis and treatment plan requires history, examination, and clinical judgment.

RX Patient Help

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Write your symptom story. A health professional or site editor can review it before any answer is prepared. This box is not for emergency care.

Emergency first: Severe chest pain, breathing trouble, unconsciousness, stroke signs, severe injury, heavy bleeding, or rapidly worsening symptoms need urgent local medical care now.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is this article a replacement for a doctor?

No. It is educational content only. Patients should consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment.

When should I seek urgent care?

Seek urgent care for severe symptoms, rapidly worsening condition, breathing difficulty, severe pain, neurological changes, or any emergency warning sign.

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