Alopecia Areata – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

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Article Summary

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune inflammatory, a chronic ear disorder that is characterized by progressive hair loss. Alopecia areata is found equally in both men and women and disease can occur at any age, including childhood. The hair loss may result in round bald patches on the scalp or front side of the head (alopecia areata) or involve the loss of all facial and scalp...

Key Takeaways

  • This article explains Symptoms in simple medical language.
Educational health guideWritten for patient understanding and clinical awareness.
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Emergency safety firstUrgent warning signs are highlighted below.

Seek urgent medical care if you notice

These warning signs are general safety guidance. Local emergency numbers and clinical judgment should always come first.

  • Severe symptoms, breathing difficulty, fainting, confusion, or rapidly worsening illness.
  • New weakness, severe pain, high fever, or symptoms after a serious injury.
  • Any symptom that feels urgent, unusual, or unsafe for the patient.
1

Emergency now

Use emergency care for severe, sudden, rapidly worsening, or life-threatening symptoms.

2

See a doctor

Book a professional medical evaluation if symptoms persist, worsen, recur often, affect daily activities, or occur in a high-risk patient.

3

Learn safely

Use this article to understand possible causes, tests, treatment options, prevention, and questions to ask your clinician.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune inflammatory, a chronic ear disorder that is characterized by progressive hair loss. Alopecia areata is found equally in both men and women and disease can occur at any age, including childhood.

The hair loss may result in round bald patches on the scalp or front side of the head (alopecia areata) or involve the loss of all facial and scalp hair are called alopecia totalis. The loss of all body hair is called alopecia Universalis. Alopecia postpartum is characterized by loss of significant hair following pregnancy time or after pregnancy and is usually temporary. When a patient is diagnosed with alopecia, the first question is usually about whether or not the hair will regrow. The answer is usually vague as each case is different. Regrowth of hair may occur in some patients; and in others, the hair loss is permanent.

This table does not completely list symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms may vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical TermsOther Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Alopecia totalis0007418 
Alopecia Universalis0002289 
Autoimmunity
Autoimmune disease
Autoimmune disorder

less  ]

0002960 
Multifactorial inheritance0001426 
Nail pits
Nail pitting
Pitted nails

less  ]

0001803 
Patchy alopecia
Patchy baldness
0002232 
Trachyonychia0030804 

Frequently Asked Questions

Is this article a replacement for a doctor?

No. It is educational content only. Patients should consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment.

When should I seek urgent care?

Seek urgent care for severe symptoms, rapidly worsening condition, breathing difficulty, severe pain, neurological changes, or any emergency warning sign.

References

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