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Solanum mammosum, also known as Apple Of Sodom, Cow’s Udder, Breastberry, Fox Face, Macaw Bush, Love Apple, Mickey Mouse Plant, Macawbush, Nipple Nightshade, Nipple Fruit, Tit Fruit, Pigs Ears, Titty Fruit, Tit Plant, Zombie Fruit, Turkey Berry is a flowering plant in the family Solanaceae. It is native to South America but naturalized in the Greater Antilles, Caribbean, and Central America. It is widespread in Central America: Belize, Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, and Amazon basin: Northwestern Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Columbia, Surinam, and Guyana. It has been introduced elsewhere and is commonly grown in the east and southeast Asia but rare in Africa. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant. Solanum mammosum is used in Hongkong and Taiwan for floral arrangements during festivals.
| Solanum mammosum Quick Facts | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Solanum mammosum |
| Scientific Name: | Solanum mammosum |
| Origin | South America but naturalized in the Greater Antilles, the Caribbean and Central America. |
| Colors | Glossy orange or yellow (Fruit) |
| Shapes | Rounded, oblong, or cylindric to oblong; Length: 4.5-7; Across: 3-4 cm (Fruit) |
| Flesh colors | White |
| Major nutrients | Total dietary Fiber (2.05%) Protein (1.92%) Calcium (0.70%) Vitamin C (0.06%) |
SOLANUM MAMMOSUM FACTS
Solanum mammosum has ornamental leaves along with purple veins, furry hair, and prominent spikes. This bushy shrub yields pink to purple flowers during spring. The fruits are yellow in color with purple to red seeds. The plant is grown for ornamental purposes. The fruit resembles the cow’s udder or human breast. It is mostly used in Hong Kong and Taiwan for floral arrangements during festivals. It is used to build the New Year trees in China.
| Name | Solanum mammosum |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Solanum mammosum |
| Native | South America but naturalized in Greater Antilles, Caribbean, and Central America. |
| Common/English Name | Apple Of Sodom, Cow’s Udder, Breastberry, Fox Face, Macaw Bush, Love Apple, Mickey Mouse Plant, Macawbush, Nipple Nightshade, Nipple Fruit, Tit Fruit, Pigs Ears, Titty Fruit, Tit Plant, Zombie Fruit, Turkey Berry |
| Name in Other Languages | Bolivia: Pimento; Brazil (Portuguese): Peito-De-Moça; Brunei: Teron Susu; Chinese: Niu Tou Qie, Columbia: Lulo De Perro Tetudo; Costa Rica: Pichichío; Dominican Republic: Berenjena Del Teta; Ecuador (Quichua): Atallpajanbina; El Salvador: Chichita; French: Pomme A Chauve- Souris; German: Zitzen Nachtschatten; Guadeloupe: Pomme Zombie; Guatemala: Chicha; Guyana: Jumby Bubby; Haiti: Tetan; Honduras: Chichihua; Indonesia: Terung Susu; Jamaica: Young Girls Breast; Japanese: Kanaria Nasu; Malaysia:- Peninsular: Terung Susu, Sabah, Bajau: Terong Semangat, Sarawak, Iban: Terung Tujang; Mexico: Kan’tzu; New Guinea: Sigalu; Nicaragua: Chichigua; Panama: Tetilla; Peru: Teta De Vaca; Philippines:- Samar-Leyte Bisaya: Tagotong, Spanish: Berenjenita Peluda, Tagalog: Utong; Puerto Rico: Pecho De Donceilla; Samoan: Lapiti; Spanish: Tetilla; Surinam:- Creole: Baladona, Javan: Terong Soesoe; Turkish: Sofur; Venezuela: Tuna; Vietnamese: Cà Vú Dê; Zaire: Babua |
| Plant Growth Habit | Annual or perennial, woody shrub |
| Soil | Full sun, well-drained, moist |
| Plant Size | 1.5 m high |
| Lifespan | Short |
| Stem | Branched, brown or purple to green |
| Leaf | Hairy, spiny, ovate-orbicular, broad, Length: 10-25 cm |
| Flowering Season | Spring |
| Flower | Pink to purple, Length: 2.5 cm long |
| Fruit shape & size | Rounded, oblong or cylindric to oblong; Length: 4.5-7; Across: 3-4 cm |
| Fruit color | Glossy orange or yellow |
| Flesh color | White |
| Seed | Compressed, Purplish red-Dark brown, Diameter: 3-4 mm |
| Major Nutritions | Total dietary Fiber 0.78 g (2.05%) Protein 0.96 g (1.92%) Calcium, Ca 7 mg (0.70%) Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) 0.05 mg (0.06%) |
| Other Facts |
|
Solanum mammosum Scientific Classification
Scientific Name: Solanum mammosum
| Rank | Scientific Name & (Common Name) |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae (Plants) |
| Subkingdom | Tracheobionta (Vascular plants) |
| Superdivision | Spermatophyta (Seed plants) |
| Division | Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants) |
| Class | Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons) |
| Subclass | Asteridae |
| Order | Solanales |
| Family | Solanaceae (Potato family) |
| Genus | Solanum L. (Nightshade) |
| Species | Solanum mammosum L. (Nipplefruit) |
| Synonyms |
|
Plant
An annual or perennial, woody shrub which is usually 1.5 m in height. The branched stems are brown or purple to green in color. The flowers are pink to purple and 2.5 cm long. The leaves are broad, hairy, spiny, ovate-orbicular, and 10-25 cm in length. The fruits are rounded, oblong or cylindric to oblong; glossy orange or yellow; 4.5-7 cm long and 3-4 cm across. Fruits contain several seeds which are compressed, purplish red-dark brown, and 3-4 mm as diameter. The inside flesh of the fruit is white.
Nutritional value
The serving size of 100 grams of Solanum mammosum fruit provides 0.96 grams of protein, 0.78 grams of total dietary fiber, 3.23 grams of total sugars, 7 grams of calcium, 0.05 grams of Vitamin C, and 4 µg of Beta carotene.
Nutritional value of Solanum mammosum fruit
Serving Size: 1 cup, 100 g
| Proximity | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Protein | 0.96 g | 1.92% |
| Total dietary Fiber | 0.78 g | 2.05% |
| Total Sugars | 3.23 g | N/D |
| Minerals | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Calcium, Ca | 7 mg | 0.70% |
| Vitamins | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Water-soluble Vitamins | ||
| Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) | 0.05 mg | 0.06% |
| Fat-soluble Vitamins | ||
| Beta Carotene | ||
Health Benefits of Solanum mammosum
- Fruit helps to cure irritability and restlessness.
- In the Philippines, fruit is used to treat phthisis, loss of appetite, and cough.
- Fruit is used as a poultice to treat cracked nipples and abscesses whereas burnt fruit is useful for liver problems.
- The burnt peduncle is used for piles, intestinal hemorrhage, and toothache.
- The mixture of fruit juice, roots, and leaves are used to treat skin problems.
- The decoction made from the root is used to cure asthma.
- The roots boiled with grain porridge and sour milk helps to cure syphilis.
- The dried stalk, roots, and leaves are used in decoction to wash sores.
- Leaves are used as a treatment for hemorrhoids.
- The decoction made from leaves is used to treat stomach problems.
- In the Dominican Republic, leaf and fruit extracts are used to treat skin wounds, mouth infections, high blood pressure, and cholesterol.
- The plant is used in Peninsular Malaysia to cure the caterpillar rash.
- In Sarawak, the juice of the fruit is used to treat sore eyes.
- The poultice made from leaves helps to treat piles.
- In Costa Rica, leaves decoction is used to aid kidney and bladder diseases.
- Seeds are used in El Salvador to aid colds.
- In Belize, the juice of leaves helps to cure an athlete’s foot.
- Fruit is used in Bolivia to treat scabies.
References
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