Internal Iliac Artery Disorders

Last updated: February 8, 2026Reviewed date: February 8, 2026Reading time: 9 min read
Patient Tools

Read, save, and share this guide

Use these quick tools to make this medical article easier to read, print, save, or share with a family member.

Patient Mode

Understand this article easily

Switch between simple English and easy Bangla patient notes. This is for education and does not replace a doctor consultation.

Internal Iliac Artery Disorders can affect the blood vessels in the pelvis, causing various health issues. In this article, we will delve into the types, causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, treatments, drugs, and surgeries associated with these disorders, explaining each in simple terms to improve readability...

For severe symptoms, danger signs, pregnancy, child illness, or sudden worsening, seek urgent medical care.

বাংলা রোগী নোট এখনো যোগ করা হয়নি। পোস্ট এডিটরে “RX Bangla Patient Mode” বক্স থেকে সহজ বাংলা সারাংশ যোগ করুন।

এই তথ্য শিক্ষা ও সচেতনতার জন্য। এটি ডাক্তারি পরীক্ষা, রোগ নির্ণয় বা প্রেসক্রিপশনের বিকল্প নয়।

Article Summary

Internal Iliac Artery Disorders can affect the blood vessels in the pelvis, causing various health issues. In this article, we will delve into the types, causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, treatments, drugs, and surgeries associated with these disorders, explaining each in simple terms to improve readability and accessibility. Types: Aneurysm: Description: This occurs when the internal iliac artery weakens and bulges, potentially leading to a rupture....

Key Takeaways

  • This article explains Causes in simple medical language.
  • This article explains Symptoms in simple medical language.
  • This article explains Diagnostic Tests in simple medical language.
  • This article explains Treatments in simple medical language.
Educational health guideWritten for patient understanding and clinical awareness.
Reviewed content workflowUse writer and reviewer profiles for stronger trust.
Emergency safety firstUrgent warning signs are highlighted below.

Seek urgent medical care if you notice

These warning signs are general safety guidance. Local emergency numbers and clinical judgment should always come first.

  • Severe symptoms, breathing difficulty, fainting, confusion, or rapidly worsening illness.
  • New weakness, severe pain, high fever, or symptoms after a serious injury.
  • Any symptom that feels urgent, unusual, or unsafe for the patient.
1

Emergency now

Use emergency care for severe, sudden, rapidly worsening, or life-threatening symptoms.

2

See a doctor

Book a professional medical evaluation if symptoms persist, worsen, recur often, affect daily activities, or occur in a high-risk patient.

3

Learn safely

Use this article to understand possible causes, tests, treatment options, prevention, and questions to ask your clinician.

Before reading

RX Patient Tools

Use these quick guides before reading the article, or return to them when you need help preparing questions for a doctor.

Start here Choose the right pathway for symptoms, reports, medicines, or urgent warning signs. Disease article roadmap Read this topic step by step: meaning, symptoms, warning signs, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and follow-up. Treatment planner Prepare questions about treatment choices, benefits, risks, side effects, and follow-up. Family & caregiver guide Organize symptoms, reports, medicines, questions, and follow-up safely. Nutrition & diet guide Prepare food, hydration, supplement, and medicine-timing questions safely. Prevention guide Organize risk factors, protective habits, screening, and warning signs. Recovery guide Prepare a safe plan for activity, rehabilitation, warning signs, and follow-up.
Definition

Internal Iliac Artery Disorders can affect the blood vessels in the pelvis, causing various health issues. In this article, we will delve into the types, causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, treatments, drugs, and surgeries associated with these disorders, explaining each in simple terms to improve readability and accessibility.

Types:

  1. Aneurysm: Description: This occurs when the internal iliac artery weakens and bulges, potentially leading to a rupture.

    Definition: Aneurysm is a ballooning or enlargement of the artery.

  2. Thrombosis: Description: Formation of blood clots within the internal iliac artery, hindering blood flow.

    Definition: Thrombosis is the formation of clots within blood vessels.

  3. Stenosis: Description: Narrowing of the internal iliac artery, limiting the blood flow to pelvic organs.

    Definition: Stenosis refers to the abnormal narrowing of a passage or opening.

  4. Embolism: Description: Occurs when a blood clot or debris travels to the internal iliac artery from another part of the body.

    Definition: Embolism is the sudden blocking of a blood vessel by debris or a blood clot.

Causes

  1. Atherosclerosis: Explanation: Buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries, leading to narrowed or blocked blood vessels.
  2. Hypertension: Explanation: High blood pressure can contribute to the weakening and damage of the artery walls.
  3. insulin is low or not working well. সহজ বাংলা: রক্তে চিনি বেশি থাকার রোগ।" data-rx-term="diabetes" data-rx-definition="Diabetes is a condition where blood sugar stays too high because insulin is low or not working well. সহজ বাংলা: রক্তে চিনি বেশি থাকার রোগ।">Diabetes: Explanation: Poorly managed insulin is low or not working well. সহজ বাংলা: রক্তে চিনি বেশি থাকার রোগ।" data-rx-term="diabetes" data-rx-definition="Diabetes is a condition where blood sugar stays too high because insulin is low or not working well. সহজ বাংলা: রক্তে চিনি বেশি থাকার রোগ।">diabetes can lead to the hardening of arteries, affecting blood flow.
  4. Smoking: Explanation: Tobacco smoke contains chemicals that can damage blood vessels, increasing the risk of disorders.
  5. Genetic Predisposition: Explanation: Family history may play a role in an individual’s susceptibility to internal iliac artery disorders.
  6. Obesity: Explanation: Excess weight can contribute to conditions like atherosclerosis and hypertension.
  7. Age: Explanation: The risk of internal iliac artery disorders tends to increase with age.
  8. High Cholesterol: Explanation: Elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood can contribute to plaque formation in the arteries.
  9. Sedentary Lifestyle: Explanation: Lack of physical activity can contribute to various cardiovascular issues.
  10. infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।" data-rx-term="inflammation" data-rx-definition="Inflammation is the body’s response to injury, infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।">Inflammation: Explanation: Chronic infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।" data-rx-term="inflammation" data-rx-definition="Inflammation is the body’s response to injury, infection, or irritation, often causing pain, swelling, heat, or redness. সহজ বাংলা: শরীরের প্রদাহ; ব্যথা, ফোলা বা লালভাব হতে পারে।">inflammation in the body can affect the health of blood vessels.
  11. Pregnancy: Explanation: Changes in blood flow and pressure during pregnancy may contribute to these disorders.
  12. Autoimmune Diseases: Explanation: Conditions like vasculitis can affect blood vessels.
  13. Trauma: Explanation: Physical injury or trauma to the pelvic region can damage arteries.
  14. Infection: Explanation: Infections affecting the arteries may lead to internal iliac artery disorders.
  15. Excessive Alcohol Consumption: Explanation: Alcohol can contribute to hypertension and damage to blood vessels.
  16. Drug Abuse: Explanation: Certain drugs may have detrimental effects on blood vessels.
  17. Kidney Disorders: Explanation: Kidney problems can impact blood pressure regulation.
  18. Gender: Explanation: Men may have a higher risk compared to women.
  19. Inactivity: Explanation: Lack of movement can contribute to poor vascular health.
  20. Malformation: Explanation: Structural abnormalities in the arteries from birth can contribute to disorders.

Symptoms

  1. Pelvic Pain: Explanation: Discomfort or pain in the pelvic region.
  2. Leg Pain: Explanation: Pain radiating down the legs due to compromised blood flow.
  3. Erectile Dysfunction: Explanation: Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection.
  4. Leg Weakness: Explanation: Reduced strength in the legs due to insufficient blood supply.
  5. Numbness or Tingling: Explanation: Sensation changes in the pelvic area or legs.
  6. Changes in Bowel Habits: Explanation: Altered bowel movements due to reduced blood flow to the intestines.
  7. Urinary Issues: Explanation: Problems with urination, including frequency or difficulty.
  8. Swelling in the Legs: Explanation: Fluid retention in the legs due to impaired circulation.
  9. Fatigue: Explanation: Tiredness and lack of energy, often associated with decreased blood flow.
  10. Discoloration of the Skin: Explanation: Changes in skin color due to poor circulation.
  11. Abdominal Pain: Explanation: Pain or discomfort in the abdominal area.
  12. Fever: Explanation: Elevated body temperature, possibly due to infection.
  13. High Blood Pressure: Explanation: Increased blood pressure may be a symptom.
  14. Pulsating Mass: Explanation: A throbbing sensation in the pelvic region due to an aneurysm.
  15. Groin Pain: Explanation: Pain in the groin area, particularly during movement.
  16. Changes in Sexual Function: Explanation: Other than erectile dysfunction, general changes in sexual function may occur.
  17. Difficulty Walking: Explanation: Impaired blood flow can affect the ability to walk comfortably.
  18. Abdominal Bruising: Explanation: Bruising in the abdominal area may indicate internal bleeding.
  19. Chest Pain: Explanation: Severe cases may cause chest pain, indicating potential complications.
  20. Shortness of Breath: Explanation: Difficulty breathing may occur in advanced cases.

Diagnostic Tests

  1. Angiography: Explanation: Imaging test using contrast dye to visualize blood vessels.
  2. Ultrasound: Explanation: High-frequency sound waves create images of blood flow.
  3. CT Angiography: Explanation: Detailed imaging using computed tomography to assess blood vessels.
  4. MRI: Explanation: Magnetic Resonance Imaging provides detailed images of soft tissues and blood vessels.
  5. Doppler Ultrasound: Explanation: Measures blood flow using sound waves.
  6. Blood Tests: Explanation: Assess for infection, cholesterol levels, and other relevant markers.
  7. Pulse Volume Recording: Explanation: Measures blood volume changes in arteries.
  8. Arteriography: Explanation: X-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast dye.
  9. Duplex Scanning: Explanation: Combines Doppler ultrasound and traditional ultrasound for comprehensive imaging.
  10. Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA): Explanation: Uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of blood vessels.
  11. Plethysmography: Explanation: Measures changes in blood volume in the arteries.
  12. Pressure Measurements: Explanation: Direct measurement of blood pressure in the affected arteries.
  13. Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA): Explanation: Real-time X-ray imaging to visualize blood flow.
  14. Catheter Angiography: Explanation: Invasive procedure using a catheter to inject contrast dye directly into the arteries.
  15. Lipid Profile: Explanation: Measures cholesterol levels in the blood.
  16. Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS): Explanation: Uses a tiny ultrasound probe inserted into the blood vessel for detailed imaging.
  17. Capillaroscopy: Explanation: Examines small blood vessels in the nail bed or skin.
  18. Genetic Testing: Explanation: Identifies genetic factors contributing to the disorders.
  19. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): Explanation: Records the heart’s electrical activity, identifying potential complications.
  20. Blood Pressure Monitoring: Explanation: Continuous monitoring to assess blood pressure variations.

Treatments

  1. Medication: Explanation: Prescribed drugs to manage underlying conditions like hypertension and cholesterol.
  2. Anticoagulants: Explanation: Medications to prevent blood clots.
  3. Antiplatelet Drugs: Explanation: Prevents the formation of clots by reducing platelet aggregation.
  4. Pain Medication: Explanation: Alleviates discomfort associated with the disorders.
  5. Lifestyle Changes: Explanation: Adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking.
  6. Balloon Angioplasty: Explanation: Inflating a balloon in the narrowed artery to improve blood flow.
  7. Stent Placement: Explanation: Inserting a mesh tube to keep the artery open.
  8. Thrombolytic Therapy: Explanation: Medications to dissolve blood clots.
  9. Bypass Surgery: Explanation: Redirecting blood flow by creating a new pathway around the affected artery.
  10. Endarterectomy: Explanation: Removing plaque from the artery walls.
  11. Laser Therapy: Explanation: Using laser light to remove or reshape arterial blockages.
  12. Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis: Explanation: Targeted delivery of clot-dissolving medication through a catheter.
  13. Compression Therapy: Explanation: Applying pressure to reduce swelling and improve blood flow.
  14. Radiofrequency Ablation: Explanation: Using heat energy to treat abnormal blood vessels.
  15. Vascular Grafting: Explanation: Using synthetic or natural grafts to repair or replace damaged arteries.
  16. Embolectomy: Explanation: Surgical removal of blood clots.
  17. Prosthetic Bypass: Explanation: Placement of a prosthetic graft to bypass the affected artery.
  18. Physiotherapy: Explanation: Exercise programs to improve circulation and muscle strength.
  19. Angiogenesis: Explanation: Stimulating the growth of new blood vessels.
  20. Aneurysm Repair: Explanation: Surgical intervention to treat and prevent rupture.
  21. Vasodilator Medications: Explanation: Drugs that widen blood vessels to improve blood flow.
  22. Chelation Therapy: Explanation: Intravenous administration of chelating agents to remove metal deposits in blood vessels.
  23. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Explanation: Breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized room to enhance healing.
  24. Inferior Vena Cava Filter: Explanation: A device to prevent blood clots from traveling to the lungs.
  25. Cell Therapy: Explanation: Introduction of healthy cells to promote tissue repair.
  26. Laser Angioplasty: Explanation: Using laser energy to open narrowed arteries.
  27. Biofeedback: Explanation: Training to control physiological processes, potentially improving blood flow.
  28. Nerve Blocks: Explanation: Injection of anesthetic near nerves to manage pain.
  29. Topical Oxygen Therapy: Explanation: Application of concentrated oxygen to enhance healing.
  30. Angioplasty with Drug-Coated Balloon: Explanation: Using a balloon coated with medication to prevent re-narrowing.

Drugs

  1. Aspirin: Explanation: Antiplatelet medication to prevent clot formation.
  2. Clopidogrel: Explanation: Another antiplatelet drug to reduce the risk of blood clots.
  3. Statins: Explanation: Lower cholesterol levels, reducing the risk of atherosclerosis.
  4. Beta-Blockers: Explanation: Manage blood pressure and reduce strain on the heart.
  5. Calcium Channel Blockers: Explanation: Dilate blood vessels, improving blood flow.
  6. Anticoagulants (Warfarin): Explanation: Prevent blood clot formation.
  7. Thrombolytics (Alteplase): Explanation: Dissolve blood clots.
  8. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors: Explanation: Treat hypertension and improve heart function.
  9. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs): Explanation: Dilate blood vessels, reducing blood pressure.
  10. Pain Relievers (Ibuprofen): Explanation: Alleviate pain and reduce inflammation.
  11. Nitroglycerin: Explanation: Dilates blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart.
  12. Diuretics: Explanation: Promote the removal of excess fluid, reducing blood pressure.
  13. Cilostazol: Explanation: Improves blood flow by preventing clot formation.
  14. Vasodilators (Hydralazine): Explanation: Relax blood vessels, reducing blood pressure.
  15. Alpha-Blockers: Explanation: Dilate blood vessels, improving blood flow.
  16. Antibiotics: Explanation: Treat infections that may contribute to the disorders.
  17. Antidepressants: Explanation: Manage pain and improve mood.
  18. ACE Inhibitors (Enalapril): Explanation: Treat hypertension and improve heart function.
  19. Anti-inflammatory Drugs (Prednisone): Explanation: Reduce inflammation in the blood vessels.
  20. Vitamin K Antagonists: Explanation: Prevent blood clot formation.

Surgery

  1. Bypass Surgery: Explanation: Redirecting blood flow using a graft to bypass the affected artery.
  2. Endarterectomy: Explanation: Surgical removal of plaque from the artery walls.
  3. Aneurysm Repair: Explanation: Surgical intervention to treat and prevent

 

Disclaimer: Each person’s journey is unique, treatment plan, life style, food habit, hormonal condition, immune system, chronic disease condition, previous medical  history is also unique. So always seek the best advice from a qualified medical professional or health care provider before trying any treatments to ensure to find out the best plan for you. This guide is for general information and educational purposes only. If you or someone are suffering from this disease condition bookmark this website or share with someone who might find it useful! Boost your knowledge and stay ahead in your health journey. Thank you for giving your valuable time to read the article.

 

Doctor visit helper

Prepare before seeing a doctor

A simple rural-patient checklist to help you explain symptoms clearly, ask better questions, and avoid unsafe self-treatment.

Safety note: This is not a prescription or diagnosis. For severe symptoms, pregnancy danger signs, children with serious illness, chest pain, breathing difficulty, stroke-like weakness, or major injury, seek urgent care.

Which doctor may help?

Start with a registered doctor or the nearest qualified health center.

What to tell the doctor

  • Write when the problem started and how it changed.
  • Bring old prescriptions, investigation reports, and current medicines.
  • Write allergies, pregnancy status, diabetes, kidney/liver disease, and major past illnesses.
  • Bring one family member if the patient is weak, elderly, confused, or a child.

Questions to ask

  • What is the most likely cause of my symptoms?
  • Which danger signs mean I should go to hospital quickly?
  • Which tests are necessary now, and which can wait?
  • How should I take medicines safely and what side effects should I watch for?
  • When should I come for follow-up?

Tests to discuss

  • Vital signs: temperature, pulse, blood pressure, oxygen saturation
  • Basic physical examination by a clinician
  • CBC, urine test, blood sugar, or imaging only when clinically needed

Avoid these mistakes

  • Do not use antibiotics, steroid tablets/injections, or strong painkillers without proper medical advice.
  • Do not hide pregnancy, kidney disease, ulcer, allergy, or blood thinner use.
  • Do not delay emergency care when danger signs are present.

Medicine safety and first-aid guide

This section is for patient education only. It does not replace a doctor, pharmacist, or emergency care.

Safe first steps

  • Avoid heavy lifting, sudden bending, and prolonged bed rest.
  • Use comfortable posture and gentle movement as tolerated.
  • Discuss physiotherapy, X-ray, or MRI only when clinically needed.

OTC medicine safety

  • For mild back pain, pain-relief medicine may be discussed with a doctor or pharmacist.
  • Avoid repeated painkiller use if you have kidney disease, stomach ulcer, uncontrolled blood pressure, or are taking blood thinners.

Avoid these mistakes

  • Do not start antibiotics without a proper medical decision.
  • Do not use steroid tablets or injections casually for quick relief.
  • Do not delay emergency care because of home remedies.

Get urgent help if

  • Back pain with leg weakness, numbness around private area, loss of urine/stool control, fever, cancer history, or major injury needs urgent care.
Medicine names, dose, and timing must be decided by a qualified clinician or pharmacist after checking age, pregnancy, allergy, other diseases, and current medicines.

For rural patients and family caregivers

Patient health record and symptom diary

Write your symptoms, medicines already taken, test results, and questions before visiting a doctor. This note stays on your device unless you print or copy it.

Doctor to discuss: Medicine doctor / pediatrician for children / qualified clinician
Tests to discuss with doctor
  • Temperature chart and hydration assessment
  • CBC with platelet count if fever persists or dengue/other infection is possible
  • Urine test, malaria/dengue tests, chest evaluation, or blood culture only when clinically indicated
Questions to ask
  • What is the most likely cause of my symptoms?
  • Which warning signs mean I should go to emergency care?
  • Which tests are really needed now?
  • Which medicines are safe for my age, pregnancy status, allergy, kidney/liver/stomach condition, and current medicines?
  • Do I need antibiotics, or is this more likely viral?

Emergency warning signs such as chest pain, severe breathing difficulty, sudden weakness, confusion, severe dehydration, major injury, or loss of bladder/bowel control need urgent medical care. Do not wait for online information.

Safe pathway to proper treatment

Care roadmap for: Internal Iliac Artery Disorders

Use this simple roadmap to understand the next safe steps. It is educational and does not replace examination by a doctor.

Go to emergency care if you notice:
  • Severe or rapidly worsening symptoms
  • Breathing difficulty, chest pain, fainting, confusion, severe weakness, major injury, or severe dehydration
Doctor / service to discuss: Qualified healthcare provider; specialist depends on symptoms and examination.
  1. Step 1

    Check danger signs first

    If danger signs are present, seek emergency care and do not wait for online information.

  2. Step 2

    Record the symptom story

    Write when symptoms started, severity, medicines already taken, allergies, pregnancy status, and test results.

  3. Step 3

    Visit a qualified clinician

    A doctor, nurse, or qualified healthcare provider can examine you and decide which tests or treatment are needed.

  4. Step 4

    Do only useful tests

    Do tests after clinical assessment. Avoid unnecessary tests, random antibiotics, or repeated medicines without diagnosis.

  5. Step 5

    Follow up and return early if worse

    If symptoms worsen, new warning signs appear, or treatment is not helping, return for review quickly.

Rural patient practical tips
  • Take a written symptom diary and all previous prescriptions/test reports.
  • Do not hide medicines already taken, even herbal or over-the-counter medicines.
  • Ask which warning signs mean urgent referral to hospital.

This roadmap is for education. A real diagnosis and treatment plan requires history, examination, and clinical judgment.

RX Patient Help

Ask a health question safely

Write your symptom story. A health professional or site editor can review it before any answer is prepared. This box is not for emergency care.

Emergency first: Severe chest pain, breathing trouble, unconsciousness, stroke signs, severe injury, heavy bleeding, or rapidly worsening symptoms need urgent local medical care now.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is this article a replacement for a doctor?

No. It is educational content only. Patients should consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment.

When should I seek urgent care?

Seek urgent care for severe symptoms, rapidly worsening condition, breathing difficulty, severe pain, neurological changes, or any emergency warning sign.

References

Add references, clinical guidelines, textbooks, journal articles, or trusted medical sources here. You can edit this area from the RX Article Professional Blocks panel.

More from this topic
  1. Congenital Respiratory-Biliary Fistula

    DefinitionCongenital? respiratory-biliary fistula, also called congenital? tracheobiliary fistula or congenital bronchobiliary fistula, is a very rare birth defect. In this condition, an abnormal tube connects part...

    March 29, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)
  2. Complete Atrioventricular Septal Defect (Complete AVSD)

    DefinitionComplete atrioventricular septal defect (complete AVSD) is a serious heart problem that a baby is born with. [1] In this problem, there is a big hole...

    February 28, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)
  3. Atrioventricular Canal–Type Ventricular Septal Defect

    DefinitionAtrioventricular canal–type ventricular septal defect is a special kind of hole in the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles) that sits...

    February 28, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)
  4. Coccidioidomycosis

    DefinitionCoccidioidomycosis is a lung infection? caused by a fungus called Coccidioides. This fungus lives in dry, dusty soil. When the soil is disturbed, tiny fungal? spores...

    February 1, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)
  5. Cutaneomeningospinal Angiomatosis

    DefinitionCutaneomeningospinal angiomatosis is another name for Cobb syndrome. It is a very rare condition where a person has abnormal blood vessels (angiomas or arteriovenous malformations) in...

    February 1, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)
  6. Coats Plus Syndrome

    DefinitionCoats plus syndrome is a very rare, inherited, multi-system disease where tiny blood vessels (especially in the retina of the eye and the brain) are abnormal...

    February 1, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)
  7. Narrowing of the Aorta

    DefinitionNarrowing of the aorta usually means a condition called coarctation of the aorta. In this problem, a short part of the main body artery (the aorta)...

    February 1, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)
  8. Coarctation of the Aorta

    DefinitionCoarctation of the aorta is a birth heart problem where a short part of the main body artery (the aorta) is too narrow, like a tight...

    February 1, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)
  9. Capillary Malformation of the Lower Lip

    DefinitionCapillary malformation of the lower lip is a birthmark made from many tiny blood vessels (capillaries) just under the skin of the lower lip. Doctors often...

    January 27, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)
  10. Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH)

    DefinitionChronic? thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension? (CTEPH) is a long-term form of high blood pressure in the lung arteries that develops when old blood clots do not fully...

    January 26, 2026 • Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease (A - Z)