Propionic Acidemia
Propionic Acidemia is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to process certain types of proteins and fats. In this article, we will provide simple and clear explanations for various ...
Rx Urology
N-Acetylglutamate Synthase Deficiency
N-Acetylglutamate Synthase Deficiency (NAGS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down proteins properly. In this article, we'll explain NAGS in simple terms, covering ...
Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I (CPSI) Deficiency
Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I (CPSI) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to process ammonia, a waste product produced during the breakdown of proteins. This ...
Argininosuccinic Aciduria Defeciency
Argininosuccinic aciduria is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down a specific amino acid called argininosuccinic acid. This condition can lead to a buildup of harmful ...
Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency
Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency, often referred to as OTC deficiency, is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to process ammonia, a waste product that is formed when our ...
Reye Syndrome
Reye syndrome is a rare childhood disease characterized by liver failure, abnormal brain function (encephalopathy), abnormally low levels of glucose (hypoglycemia), and high levels of ammonia in the ...
Organic Acidemias
Organic acidemias are a rare group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by deficiency of certain enzymes that are necessary to breakdown (metabolize) chemical “building blocks” (amino ...
Citrin Deficiency
Citrin deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that affects the way your body processes certain nutrients, particularly in the liver. This condition can lead to various health problems if not properly ...
N-Acetylglutamate Synthetase (NAGS) Deficiency
N-Acetylglutamate Synthetase (NAGS) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down ammonia, a waste product of protein metabolism. This condition can lead to a ...
Arginase Deficiency
Arginase deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down a substance called arginine. This article will provide you with simple, easy-to-understand definitions, ...
Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) Deficiency
Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to process ammonia, a waste product produced during the breakdown of proteins. This condition ...
Argininosuccinic Acid Lyase Deficiency
Argininosuccinic Acid Lyase Deficiency (ASALD) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to process certain amino acids. This condition can lead to a buildup of toxic substances in ...
Phenylketonuria
Phenylketonuria, often referred to as PKU, is a rare genetic disorder that affects how your body processes a specific amino acid called phenylalanine. This article will provide you with a clear and ...
Hyperammonemia
Hyperammonemia is a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of ammonia in the blood. Ammonia is a waste product that forms when the body breaks down proteins. In this article, we will ...
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, or HUS for short, is a serious health condition that affects the blood, kidneys, and overall well-being of individuals, particularly children. In this article, we'll break ...
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Acute glomerulonephritis is a condition that affects your kidneys, specifically the tiny filters in them called glomeruli. These filters help remove waste and excess fluids from your blood. When they ...
Hypoalbuminemia
Hypoalbuminemia may sound like a complex medical term, but it simply means having low levels of a protein called albumin in your blood. Albumin plays a crucial role in your body by helping to ...
Proteinuria
Proteinuria is a condition where an abnormal amount of protein is found in the urine. In this article, we'll break down what proteinuria is, its types, common causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, ...
Hematuria
Hematuria is a medical term that refers to the presence of blood in the urine. It can be a concerning symptom and may indicate an underlying health issue. In this article, we'll explore the different ...
Dysuria
Dysuria is a term used to describe the painful or uncomfortable sensation when urinating. It can be caused by various factors and may be a sign of an underlying health issue. In this article, we will ...
Cortical Nephrocalcinosis
Cortical nephrocalcinosis is a condition that affects the kidneys. It occurs when there is an accumulation of calcium deposits in the renal cortex, which is the outer part of the kidney. In this ...
Medullary Nephrocalcinosis
Medullary nephrocalcinosis is a condition that affects the kidneys, causing the buildup of calcium deposits in the inner part of the kidney, known as the medulla. These deposits can lead to various ...
Indicanuria
Indicanuria is a condition that can affect your body's ability to process certain substances. In this article, we will break down the complex medical jargon into simple, easy-to-understand language. ...
Nephrocalcinosis
Nephrocalcinosis may sound complicated, but we're here to break it down for you in simple terms. Nephrocalcinosis is a condition where tiny calcium deposits build up in your kidneys. These deposits ...
Genitourinary Extrapulmonary Blastomycosis
Genitourinary extrapulmonary blastomycosis is a rare but serious fungal infection that affects various parts of the body, particularly the urinary and reproductive systems. In this article, we will ...
Genitourinary Blastomycosis
Genitourinary Blastomycosis is a rare but serious fungal infection that affects the genitourinary system, which includes the genitals and urinary tract. This condition is caused by a fungus called ...
Ectopia Vesicae
Ectopia Vesicae is a rare medical condition where the bladder is not located in its usual position within the body. Instead, it protrudes through the abdominal wall. In this article, we will provide ...
Cloacal Exstrophy Complex (CEC)
Cloacal Exstrophy Complex (CEC) is a rare congenital condition that affects the abdominal and pelvic regions of newborns. This complex condition involves multiple aspects of the body, including the ...
Penopubic Epispadias
Penopubic Epispadias is a rare congenital condition that affects the urinary and reproductive organs in males. In this article, we will provide simple explanations for various aspects of Penopubic ...
Penile Shaft Epispadias
Penile Shaft Epispadias is a rare congenital condition affecting the male genitalia. In this article, we will provide a simple, plain English explanation of what Penile Shaft Epispadias is, including ...
What Is Glandular Epispadias
Glandular epispadias is a rare medical condition that affects the urinary and reproductive organs in some individuals. In this article, we'll break down what glandular epispadias is, its types, ...
Bladder Epispadias
Bladder Epispadias is a rare congenital condition where the urinary bladder and the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside world are not properly formed. In this article, we'll break ...
Penopubic Epispadias
Penopubic epispadias is a rare congenital condition that affects the male genitalia. It is characterized by the opening of the urethra on the upper side of the penis, rather than at the tip. In this ...
Penile Epispadias
Penile epispadias is a rare congenital condition that affects the male reproductive system. In simple terms, it means that the tube that carries urine from the bladder (the urethra) doesn't ...
Pitting Edema
Pitting edema is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of excess fluid in the body's tissues, leading to swelling and depression when pressure is applied to the affected area. This ...
Pedal Edema
Pedal edema, often simply referred to as "swollen feet and ankles," is a common medical condition that affects many people. It occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the lower extremities, leading ...
Idiopathic Calcified Nodules of the Scrotum
Idiopathic calcified nodules of the scrotum, also known as scrotal calcinosis, is a rare condition that can cause small, painless lumps to form in the scrotal area. While these nodules are typically ...
Intrauterine Herpes Simplex
Intrauterine herpes simplex, also known as congenital herpes, is a rare but serious condition that occurs when a pregnant woman with herpes simplex virus (HSV) passes the virus to her baby during ...
Serpiginous Ulceration of the Groin
Serpiginous ulceration of the groin is a skin condition that can cause open sores or ulcers in the groin area. This article aims to provide a straightforward and easily understandable guide to ...
Granuloma Genitoinguinale
Granuloma Genitoinguinale, also known as donovanosis, is a rare but serious bacterial infection that primarily affects the genital and inguinal regions. This article will provide simple, ...
Urethral Caruncles
Urethral caruncle might sound like a complex term, but we're here to break it down into simple language. In this article, we'll explain what urethral caruncle is, its different types, the common ...
Pseudoepitheliomatous Keratotic and Micaceous Balanitis
Pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis (PKMB) may sound like a mouthful, but we're here to break it down in simple terms. In this article, we'll define what PKMB is, explore its ...
Paramesonephric Mucinous Cysts
Paramesonephric mucinous cysts of the vulva, also known as Gartner's duct cysts, are uncommon fluid-filled sacs that can develop near the vulva in females. While these cysts are generally benign and ...
Zoon’s Vulvitis
Zoon's vulvitis, also known as "plasma cell vulvitis" or "balanitis circumscripta plasmacellularis," is a rare inflammatory condition that primarily affects the genital area. This article aims to ...
Zoon’s Erythroplasia
Zoon's erythroplasia, also known as Zoon's balanitis, is a rare and potentially concerning skin condition that primarily affects the genital area. This article aims to provide a straightforward ...
Zoon’s Balanitis
Zoon's balanitis is a condition that affects the skin of the penis, particularly the glans or head. This article aims to provide clear and concise information about Zoon's balanitis, including its ...
Vulvitis Circumscripta Plasmacellularis
Vulvitis Circumscripta Plasmacellularis, though it may sound complicated, is a condition that affects the vulva, which is the outer part of a woman's genitalia. In simpler terms, it's an inflammation ...
Plasma Cell Vulvitis
Plasma Cell Vulvitis, or PCV, is a rare but uncomfortable condition that affects the vulva, the outer part of the female genitalia. In this article, we'll break down everything you need to know about ...
Plasma Cell Balanitis
Plasma cell balanitis is a rare condition that affects the skin of the penis. It can cause discomfort and worry, but understanding its types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options can ...
Balanitis Circumscripta Plasmacellularis
Balanitis Circumscripta Plasmacellularis (BCP) is a rare but uncomfortable condition that affects the male genitalia, particularly the glans penis. In this article, we will provide simple, ...
Balanoposthitis Chronica Circumscripta Plasmacellularis
Balanoposthitis chronica circumscripta plasmacellularis (BCCP) may sound like a complex medical term, but we're here to simplify it for you. In plain English, BCCP is a chronic condition that affects ...
Bilateral Renal Parenchymal Disease
Bilateral Renal Parenchymal Disease is a medical term that may seem complex but is rather simple when broken down. The kidneys are vital organs responsible for detoxifying our body, maintaining fluid ...
Renal Parenchymal Disease
Renal parenchymal disease is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. It is a group of different renal disorders which may include diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, interstitial renal ...
Male Infertility
Male Infertility is usually defined as the inability of a couple to conceive even after one year of unprotected, frequent sexual intercourse. It affects about 15% of all couples in the United ...
Oligospermia
Oligospermia is a male fertility issue characterized by a low sperm count. Low sperm count means that the fluid (semen) you ejaculate during an orgasm contains fewer sperm than normal.A low sperm ...
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
CAH refers to a group of genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands. These glands sit on top of the kidneys and release hormones the body needs to function. CAH creates imbalances in ...
Acute Kidney Injury – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF) is a sudden decrease in kidney function that develops within 7 days, as shown by an increase in serum creatinine or a decrease ...
Electrolyte Balance – Anatomy, Mechanism, Functions
Electrolyte balance is one of the key issues in maintaining homeostasis in the body, and it also plays important roles in protecting cellular function, tissue perfusion, and acid-base balance. Fluid ...
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare and aggressive variant of chronic pyelonephritis. It usually occurs due to chronic nephrolithiasis and infection. The diagnosis is often confused with ...
Cystinuria – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Cystinuria is a condition characterized by the buildup of the amino acid cysteine, a building block of most proteins, in the kidneys and bladder. As the kidneys filter blood to create urine, cystine ...
Acute Kidney Colic – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Acute Kidney Colic/Acute renal colic is severe pain resulting from the presence of a stone in the urinary system. The stone can be present anywhere along the path between the kidneys and the ...
Acute Renal Colic – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Acute renal colic is severe pain resulting from the presence of a stone in the urinary system. The stone can be present anywhere along the path between the kidneys and the urethra. ...
Acute Pyelonephritis – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection causing inflammation of the kidneys. Pyelonephritis occurs as a complication of an ascending urinary tract infection that spreads from the bladder to the ...
24-Hour Urinalysis – Indications, Uses, Results, Reporting
A 24-hour urinalysis is a timed urine collection used in the metabolic evaluation of urinary stone disease, proteinuria evaluation, and estimation of renal function via creatinine clearance, ...
Nephrolithiasis – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Nephrolithiasis/Kidney stone disease, also known as nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) develops in the urinary tract. Kidney stones typically form in ...
Urolithiasis – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Urolithiasis is a term used to describe calculi or stones that form the urinary tract. This condition involves the formation of calcifications in the urinary system, usually in the kidneys or ...
Kidney Calculi – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Kidney Calculi are a common cause of blood in the urine (hematuria) and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. They occur in one in 11 people at some time in their lifetimes with men affected 2 to 1 ...
Renal Calculi – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Renal calculi are a common cause of blood in the urine (hematuria) and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. They occur in one in 11 people at some time in their lifetimes with men affected 2 to 1 ...
What is late stage of uremia?
What is late stage of uremia?/Uremia is a clinical condition associated with worsening renal function. It is characterized by fluid, electrolyte, hormonal, and metabolic abnormalities. Uremia most ...
What is a symptom of severe uremia?
What is a symptom of severe uremia?/Uremia is a clinical condition associated with worsening renal function. It is characterized by fluid, electrolyte, hormonal, and metabolic abnormalities. Uremia ...
Uremia – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Uremia is a clinical condition associated with worsening renal function. It is characterized by fluid, electrolyte, hormonal, and metabolic abnormalities. Uremia most commonly occurs in the setting ...
What is normal creatinine clearance in elderly?
What is normal creatinine clearance in elderly?/Creatinine clearance (CrCl) is the volume of blood plasma cleared of creatinine per unit time. It is a rapid and cost-effective method for the ...
What level of creatinine indicates kidney failure?
What level of creatinine indicates kidney failure?/Creatinine clearance (CrCl) is the volume of blood plasma cleared of creatinine per unit time. It is a rapid and cost-effective method for the ...
Creatinine Clearance – Types, Test, Procedure, Result
Creatinine clearance (CrCl) is the volume of blood plasma cleared of creatinine per unit time. It is a rapid and cost-effective method for the measurement of renal function. Both CrCl and GFR can ...
How long does it take to recover from acute kidney injury?
How long does it take to recover from acute kidney injury?/Acute kidney injury (AKI) is where your kidneys suddenly stop working properly. It can range from minor loss of kidney function to ...
What are the stages of acute kidney injury?
What are the stages of acute kidney injury?/Acute kidney injury (AKI) is where your kidneys suddenly stop working properly. It can range from minor loss of kidney function to complete kidney ...
What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?
What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?/Acute kidney injury (AKI) is where your kidneys suddenly stop working properly. It can range from minor loss of kidney function to complete ...
Acute Kidney Injury – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is where your kidneys suddenly stop working properly. It can range from minor loss of kidney function to complete kidney failure. AKI normally happens as a complication ...
Stage 3 Kidney Disease – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Stage 3 kidney disease development of chronic renal and its progression to this terminal disease remains a significant source of reduced quality of life and significant premature mortality. Chronic ...
Stage 4 Kidney Disease – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Stage 4 kidney disease development of chronic renal and its progression to this terminal disease remains a significant source of reduced quality of life and significant premature mortality. Chronic ...
Stage 5 Kidney Disease – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Stage 5 kidney disease development of chronic renal and its progression to this terminal disease remains a significant source of reduced quality of life and significant premature mortality. Chronic ...
End-Stage Kidney Disease – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
End-stage kidney disease development of chronic renal and its progression to this terminal disease remains a significant source of reduced quality of life and significant premature mortality. Chronic ...
Urinary System – Anatomy, Structure, Functions
The urinary system's function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product. The organs of the urinary system include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra. The body ...
Prostate Enlargement – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Prostate enlargement/Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a commonest, urological, nonmalignant overgrowth or hyperplasia of prostate tissue with abnormal stromal and epithelial cell proliferation ...
Ureteroscopy – Indications, Procedures, Results
Ureteroscopy uses a ureteroscope to look inside the ureters and kidneys. Like a cystoscope, a ureteroscope has an eyepiece at one end, a rigid or flexible tube in the middle, and a tiny lens and ...
Cystoscopy – Indications, Procedure, Results
Cystoscopy is a cystoscopy uses a cystoscope to look inside the urethra and bladder. A cystoscope is a long, thin optical instrument with an eyepiece at one end, a rigid or flexible tube in the ...
Cystourethroscopy – Indications, Procedure, Result
Cystourethroscopy is one of the most common procedures performed by a urologic surgeon. It allows for direct visualization of the urethra, urethral sphincter, prostate, bladder, and ureteral ...
Urodynamic Testing – Indications, Procedure, Result
Urodynamic testing is any procedure that looks at how well the bladder, sphincters, and urethra are storing and releasing urine. Most urodynamic tests focus on the bladder’s ability to hold urine and ...
Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis /Prostatitis is inflammation or swelling of the prostate gland. When symptoms start gradually and linger for more than a couple of weeks, the condition is called chronic ...
Acute Infection of The Prostate – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Acute Infection of Prostate /Prostatitis is inflammation or swelling of the prostate gland. When symptoms start gradually and linger for more than a couple of weeks, the condition is called chronic ...
Diet, Exercise, and Lifestyle For Penis Enlargement
Diet, Exercise, and Lifestyle For Penis Enlargement/Penis Enlargement or male enhancement is any technique aimed to increase the size of a human penis? Some methods aim to increase total length, ...
How Do I Get Rid of Water Retention Fast
How Do I Get Rid of Water Retention Fast/Water retention (also known as fluid retention) or hydrops, hydropsy, edema, signifies an abnormal accumulation of clear, watery fluid in the tissues or ...
Fluid Retention Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Fluid Retention Symptoms/Water retention or hydrops, hydropsy, edema, signifies an abnormal accumulation of clear, watery fluid in the tissues or cavities of the body. Water is found both inside and ...
Fluid Retention, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Fluid Retention/Water retention or hydrops, hydropsy, or edema, signifies an abnormal accumulation of clear, watery fluid in the tissues or cavities of the body. Water is found both inside and ...
