Painful Bladder Syndrome
Painful Bladder Syndrome (PBS), also known as Interstitial Cystitis (IC), is a chronic condition characterized by bladder pressure, bladder pain, and sometimes pelvic pain. The pain can range from ...
Rx Urology
Intermittent Cystitis
Intermittent cystitis is a common condition affecting many individuals, particularly women. This guide provides a thorough overview of intermittent cystitis, including its definitions, causes, ...
Interstitial Cystitis
Intermittent cystitis, commonly known as Interstitial Cystitis (IC), is a chronic condition causing bladder pressure, bladder pain, and sometimes pelvic pain. The pain ranges from mild discomfort to ...
Infliximab-Related Renal Disease
Infliximab is a medication commonly used to treat various autoimmune conditions by suppressing the immune system. While effective, it can sometimes lead to complications, including renal (kidney) ...
Immune-Checkpoint Therapy-Related Interstitial Nephritis
Immune-Checkpoint Therapy (ICT) has revolutionized cancer treatment by enhancing the body's immune response against cancer cells. However, like all therapies, it can have side effects. One such side ...
Immersion Diuresis
Immersion Diuresis is a medical condition that many people might not be familiar with, yet it plays a significant role in our body's response to being submerged in water. Whether you're a swimmer, ...
IgG4 Nephropathy
IgG4 Nephropathy is a kidney disorder characterized by inflammation and scarring due to the infiltration of IgG4-producing plasma cells. This condition is part of a larger group known as IgG4-related ...
IgA Nephropathy
IgA Nephropathy, also known as Berger's disease, is a kidney disorder that occurs when the immunoglobulin A (IgA) protein builds up in the kidneys. This buildup can lead to inflammation and damage to ...
Ifosfamide Nephrotoxicity
Ifosfamide nephrotoxicity refers to kidney damage caused by the chemotherapy drug ifosfamide, which is used to treat various types of cancer. The kidneys filter waste from the blood and are crucial ...
Iced Tea Nephropathy
Iced tea nephropathy is a kidney condition caused by excessive consumption of iced tea, particularly those high in oxalates. This article explains its pathophysiology, types, causes, symptoms, ...
Monogenic Hypertension
Monogenic hypertension is a rare type of high blood pressure caused by a mutation in a single gene. Unlike most cases of high blood pressure, which are influenced by multiple factors, monogenic ...
Hypophosphatemia in Users of Cannabis
Hypophosphatemia is a medical condition where there is an abnormally low level of phosphate in the blood. Phosphate is crucial for various bodily functions, including energy production, bone health, ...
Hypophosphatemia
Hypophosphatemia is a medical condition characterized by low levels of phosphate in the blood. Phosphate is an essential mineral that plays a critical role in many bodily functions, including energy ...
Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia is a medical condition where the sodium level in your blood is lower than normal. Sodium is essential for many bodily functions, including maintaining fluid balance and proper nerve and ...
Hypomagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia is a medical condition characterized by low levels of magnesium in the blood. Magnesium is an essential mineral that plays a vital role in various bodily functions, including muscle ...
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis (HypoPP) is a rare condition that causes sudden muscle weakness or paralysis. It happens when potassium levels in the blood drop too low. Potassium is a mineral that ...
Hypokalemia-Induced Renal Dysfunction
Hypokalemia is a condition characterized by low potassium levels in the blood. Potassium is crucial for various body functions, including nerve signal transmission and muscle contraction. When ...
Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia is a medical condition where you have low levels of potassium in your blood. Potassium is a crucial mineral that helps your body function properly. It plays a key role in muscle ...
Hypocomplementemic Urticarial Vasculitic Syndrome
Hypocomplementemic Urticarial Vasculitic Syndrome (HUVS) is a rare autoimmune condition characterized by hives (urticaria) and inflammation of blood vessels (vasculitis). This condition is known for ...
Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcemia is a medical condition characterized by low levels of calcium in the blood. Calcium is essential for many bodily functions, including bone health, muscle contractions, and nerve ...
Hyperphosphatemia
Hyperphosphatemia is a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of phosphate in the blood. Phosphate is an essential mineral that plays a critical role in many bodily functions, including ...
Hyperoxaluria
Hyperoxaluria is a condition where the body produces too much oxalate, a substance found in some foods and produced by the liver. High levels of oxalate can lead to kidney stones and other health ...
Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia is a condition where there is too much sodium (salt) in the blood. Sodium is essential for many body functions, but when its levels become too high, it can lead to serious health ...
Hypermagnesemia
Hypermagnesemia is a medical condition characterized by an elevated level of magnesium in the blood. Magnesium is essential for many bodily functions, including nerve and muscle function, bone ...
What is Hyperkalemia?
Hyperkalemia is a medical condition characterized by high levels of potassium in the blood. Potassium is a mineral essential for many body functions, including muscle contractions and heart rhythms. ...
Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia is a condition where there is too much calcium in the blood. Calcium is essential for many bodily functions, but too much can lead to serious health issues. Pathophysiology...
Hyperaldosteronism
Hyperaldosteronism is a condition where the body produces too much aldosterone, a hormone that regulates sodium and potassium levels in the blood. This overproduction can lead to high blood pressure ...
Hydroxychloroquine-Induced Renal Phospholipidosis
Hydroxychloroquine is a medication commonly used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. However, it can sometimes lead to a condition known as renal phospholipidosis. ...
Hydrophilic Polymer Emboli
Hydrophilic polymer emboli are tiny particles made from water-loving (hydrophilic) polymers that can enter the bloodstream. They can block blood vessels, causing problems in various parts of the ...
Hunner’s Ulcers
Hunner’s ulcer is a type of ulcer found in the bladder lining, often associated with interstitial cystitis (IC), a chronic condition that causes bladder pain and frequent urination. Pathophysiology ...
Renal Fusion
Renal fusion refers to a condition where one or both kidneys are merged together, often leading to changes in kidney shape and function. This condition is usually congenital, meaning it is present at ...
Horseshoe Kidney
A horseshoe kidney is a congenital condition where the two kidneys are fused together at the lower ends, forming a U-shape, similar to a horseshoe. This fusion occurs during fetal development and is ...
HNF1B-related Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease
HNF1B-related Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease (TIKD) is a genetic disorder affecting kidney function. It arises from mutations in the HNF1B gene, leading to a variety of kidney and ...
Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease (ADTKD)
Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease (ADTKD) is a genetic disorder that affects the kidneys. It's characterized by progressive kidney damage, primarily impacting the tubules and ...
Holocaust Kidney Disease
Holocaust Kidney Disease is a rare condition, often associated with past trauma, such as that experienced during the Holocaust. Understanding this disease involves exploring its pathophysiology, ...
HIV-Associated Nephropathy
HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN) is a kidney disease that can occur in people living with HIV. This condition affects how the kidneys filter waste from the blood, leading to serious health ...
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a kidney disease that affects the glomeruli, the tiny filters in your kidneys. It causes scarring (sclerosis) in some parts (focal) of these filters, ...
HIV-Associated Immune Complex Kidney Disease
HIV-ICKD is a type of kidney disease that occurs in some people infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). It happens when the immune system produces antibodies that form complexes with ...
Kidney Disease Induced by High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure (hypertension) is a common condition that can lead to various health problems, including kidney disease. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering waste and excess fluids from ...
High Altitude Renal Syndrome
High Altitude Renal Syndrome (HARS) is a condition that occurs when individuals ascend to high altitudes, typically above 2,500 meters (8,200 feet). The body struggles to adapt to lower oxygen ...
Herbal Supplements and Kidney Disease
Herbal supplements are often viewed as natural remedies for various health issues. However, some of these supplements can have adverse effects, particularly on kidney health. This article explores ...
Hepatorenal Syndrome
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) is a serious condition that occurs in people with liver disease. It involves the kidneys and is characterized by kidney failure caused by severe liver dysfunction. This ...
Glomerulocystic Kidney Disease
Glomerulocystic Kidney Disease (GCKD) is a rare condition where cysts form in the kidneys' filtering units (glomeruli). This can lead to kidney damage and affect how well the kidneys work. ...
Hyperuricemia
Hyperuricemia is a medical condition characterized by high levels of uric acid in the blood. Uric acid is a waste product formed when the body breaks down purines, substances found in certain foods ...
Proteinuria
Proteinuria refers to the presence of abnormal amounts of protein in the urine. Proteins are vital components of our blood, necessary for building muscles, tissues, and overall body functions. In a ...
Polydipsia
Polydipsia is defined as excessive thirst and increased intake of water or other fluids. It's a symptom that indicates that the body is trying to signal the need for more fluid intake, often due to ...
Polyuria
Polyuria refers to the production of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine. It’s not a disease itself but rather a symptom that may indicate an underlying condition. It typically involves ...
Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1β–Associated Kidney Disease
Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1β–Associated Kidney Disease (HNF1β-KD) is a genetic condition primarily affecting the kidneys but can also impact other organs like the liver, pancreas, and reproductive ...
Hepatitis C-Associated Renal Disease
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) primarily affects the liver but can also lead to kidney-related complications, collectively referred to as Hepatitis C-Associated Renal Disease. Understanding the ...
Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome
Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (SOS), also known as veno-occlusive disease (VOD), is a rare liver condition where the small veins within the liver (sinusoids) become blocked. This blockage leads to ...
Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease (VOD)
Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease (VOD), also known as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), is a rare but serious liver condition that primarily affects the small veins in the liver. It is most ...
Hepatic Glomerulopathy
Hepatic Glomerulopathy is a medical condition that intertwines the health of the liver (hepatic) with the function of the kidneys, specifically the glomeruli—tiny filters in your kidneys that clean ...
What is Hemolytic Anemia?
Hemolytic anemia is a condition where red blood cells (RBCs) are destroyed faster than the body can produce them. This leads to a shortage of RBCs, which are essential for transporting oxygen ...
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria, commonly known as PNH, is a rare and serious blood disorder. It affects the red blood cells, causing them to break down prematurely. This breakdown leads to ...
Hemosiderosis
Hemosiderosis is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of hemosiderin, an iron-storage complex, in various tissues of the body. This guide provides an in-depth look into ...
Hemosiderinuria
Hemosiderinuria is a medical condition that involves the presence of hemosiderin in the urine. This condition can indicate underlying health issues, often related to the breakdown of red blood cells ...
Nephropathia Epidemica
Nephropathia epidemica is a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by hantaviruses. This condition primarily affects the kidneys and can lead to serious health issues if not ...
Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever
Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever (EHF) is a severe illness caused by certain viruses that affect both humans and animals. This guide provides a detailed yet straightforward overview of EHF, including its ...
Korean Hemorrhagic Fever
Korean Hemorrhagic Fever (KHF) is a serious viral illness that affects multiple systems in the body, leading to severe symptoms and complications. This guide provides detailed information about KHF, ...
Hantavirus Renal Disease
Hantavirus Renal Disease, commonly referred to as Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS), is a severe viral infection affecting the kidneys. This guide provides an in-depth look into the ...
Hemorrhagic Renal Syndrome
Hemorrhagic Renal Syndrome is a serious medical condition affecting the kidneys, leading to severe bleeding and impaired kidney function. Understanding this syndrome is crucial for early detection, ...
Hemorrhagic Fever
Hemorrhagic Fever is a serious and often life-threatening condition caused by various viruses. This guide provides an easy-to-understand overview of Hemorrhagic Fever, covering its structure, types, ...
Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Hemorrhagic Cystitis is a condition characterized by inflammation and bleeding of the bladder lining. This guide provides an in-depth look at its definitions, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, ...
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but severe condition where the immune system becomes overactive, leading to excessive inflammation and damage to the body's own tissues and organs. ...
Hemophagocytic Syndrome
Hemophagocytic Syndrome, also known as Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), is a rare but serious condition where the body’s immune system becomes overactive, leading to severe inflammation and ...
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) is a serious condition that affects the blood and kidneys. This guide provides an in-depth look at HUS, covering its definitions, causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, ...
What is Blood in Urine?
Blood in urine, medically known as hematuria, is a condition that can cause significant concern. Understanding its causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatments, and preventive measures can help ...
Hematuria
Hematuria is a medical term that refers to the presence of blood in urine. It can be alarming, but understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatments can help manage and address the condition ...
Heat Stress Nephropathy
Heat Stress Nephropathy is a kidney condition resulting from prolonged exposure to high temperatures, leading to kidney damage. This guide provides an in-depth look into its definitions, causes, ...
Hantavirus Infection Podocytopathy
Hantavirus Infection Podocytopathy is a medical condition where the Hantavirus affects podocytes—specialized cells in the kidneys. This guide provides a detailed yet simple explanation of the ...
Hair Dye Ingestion Kidney Injury
Hair dye ingestion is a serious medical concern that can lead to kidney injury. Whether accidental or intentional, swallowing hair dye exposes the body to harmful chemicals that can damage vital ...
Harvoni Induced Renal Injury
Harvoni Induced Renal Injury refers to kidney damage that may occur as a side effect of taking Harvoni. Harvoni is a medication used to treat chronic hepatitis C, a viral infection that affects the ...
Hard Water Syndrome
Hard Water Syndrome" isn't a widely recognized medical term, but it refers to health issues arising from the consumption or exposure to hard water. Hard water contains high levels of minerals, ...
HANAC Syndrome
HANAC Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects various parts of the body, leading to a range of symptoms and health challenges. This guide provides an in-depth look at HANAC Syndrome, ...
Green Smoothie Cleanse Nephropathy
Embarking on a green smoothie cleanse has become a popular method for detoxifying the body and boosting overall health. However, it's essential to understand how such a cleanse can impact ...
Pulmonary Goodpasture Syndrome
Pulmonary Goodpasture Syndrome is a rare but serious autoimmune disease that affects the lungs and kidneys. This guide provides detailed information about the condition, including its causes, ...
Renal Goodpasture Syndrome
Renal Goodpasture Syndrome is a rare but serious autoimmune disease that affects the kidneys and lungs. This guide provides detailed information about the condition, including its definitions, ...
Goodpasture Syndrome
Goodpasture Syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy tissues, specifically targeting the kidneys and lungs. This leads to severe damage ...
Glycosuria
Glycosuria is a medical condition that involves the presence of glucose (sugar) in the urine. While glucose is a vital energy source for the body, excessive amounts in the urine can indicate ...
Glomerular Tubular Reflux
Glomerular Tubular Reflux (GTR) is a term that may be unfamiliar to many. It relates to kidney function, specifically involving the glomeruli and tubules within the kidneys. Understanding GTR is ...
Glomerular Diseases
Glomerular diseases affect the glomeruli, which are tiny filters in your kidneys responsible for removing waste and excess fluids from your blood. Understanding these conditions is crucial for ...
Gitelman Syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the kidneys' ability to reabsorb certain minerals, leading to imbalances in the body. This guide provides an in-depth look into Gitelman ...
Gestational Hypertension
Gestational hypertension is a condition characterized by high blood pressure that develops after the 20th week of pregnancy in women who previously had normal blood pressure. Understanding ...
Kidney Giant Cell Arteritis
Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), also known as temporal arteritis, is an inflammatory disease that primarily affects large and medium-sized arteries. While it most commonly targets the arteries in the ...
Giant Cell Arteritis
Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), also known as temporal arteritis, is a serious condition that causes inflammation of the blood vessels, particularly the arteries in the head. This guide provides a ...
Galloway-Mowat Syndrome
Galloway-Mowat Syndrome (GAMOS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects multiple parts of the body, especially the kidneys and brain. This guide provides a detailed yet easy-to-understand overview of ...
Complete Heart Block
Complete Heart Block, also known as Third-Degree Heart Block, is a serious heart condition that affects the heart's electrical system. This article provides an in-depth look into Complete Heart ...
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a kidney disorder that affects the glomeruli, the tiny filtering units within your kidneys. Understanding FSGS is crucial for early diagnosis and ...
Focal Glomerulosclerosis
Focal Glomerulosclerosis (FGS) is a kidney condition characterized by scarring (sclerosis) in some of the glomeruli, the tiny filtering units within the kidneys. This guide provides an in-depth look ...
Focal Sclerosis
Focal Sclerosis refers to the hardening or scarring of a specific area within the body. This condition can occur in various organs, but it is most commonly associated with the brain and bones. ...
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, commonly known as FSGS, is a kidney disorder that affects the glomeruli—the tiny filtering units within the kidneys. "Focal" means that only some of the glomeruli ...
What is Hypervolemia?
Hypervolemia, also known as fluid overload, is a medical condition characterized by an excessive amount of fluid in the blood. This article breaks down everything you need to know about hypervolemia, ...
What is Fluid Overload?
Fluid Overload, also known as hypervolemia, is a medical condition where there is too much fluid in the blood. This excess fluid can accumulate in various parts of the body, leading to a range of ...
Gustatory Sweating
Gustatory sweating is a condition where you sweat excessively while eating. This article breaks down everything you need to know about gustatory sweating, including its causes, symptoms, treatments, ...
Frey’s Syndrome
Frey's Syndrome, also known as Gustatory Sweating, is a rare neurological disorder characterized by sweating and flushing (redness) of the skin in the cheek area near the ear during eating or ...
Congophilic Glomerulopathy
Congophilic Glomerulopathy is a specialized term in the medical field that refers to a group of kidney diseases characterized by the presence of specific proteins that stain with a dye called Congo ...
Immunotactoid Glomerulopathy
Immunotactoid Glomerulopathy (ITG) is a rare kidney disease that affects the glomeruli—the tiny filtering units in your kidneys. Understanding ITG is crucial for early diagnosis and effective ...
Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis
Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis (FGN) is a rare kidney disorder that affects the glomeruli—the tiny filtering units within your kidneys. This guide provides an in-depth look at FGN, including its ...
Fibronectin Glomerulopathy
Fibronectin Glomerulopathy is a rare kidney disorder that affects the glomeruli—the tiny filtering units within the kidneys responsible for removing waste and excess fluids from the blood. ...
Fraser Syndrome
Fraser syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a specific set of physical abnormalities and health issues. It primarily affects the development of certain body parts, ...
Fanconi Syndrome
Fanconi Syndrome is a rare disorder affecting kidney function, specifically how the kidney tubules work. The tubules normally help reabsorb essential substances like glucose, ...
Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia (FHH) is a rare, inherited condition that affects the body’s ability to regulate calcium levels. It leads to high calcium levels in the blood, with low calcium ...
Fabry’s Disease
Fabry's disease is a rare genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A. This enzyme is crucial for breaking down a type of fat called globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). When ...
Erdheim-Chester Disease
Erdheim-Chester Disease (ECD) is a rare, systemic condition characterized by abnormal tissue growth known as histiocytosis, where the body's immune system cells, called histiocytes, accumulate ...
Kidney Swelling
Kidney swelling, also known as renal swelling, occurs when the kidneys enlarge due to various underlying issues. This can lead to serious health problems if not addressed. In this guide, we’ll ...
What is Kidney Edema?
Kidney edema, also known as kidney swelling, occurs when the kidneys fail to regulate fluids effectively, leading to an accumulation of fluid in the body's tissues. This condition can affect anyone ...
Ectopic Ureter
An ectopic ureter is a condition where one of the ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder) is incorrectly positioned. Instead of connecting to the bladder, it opens into ...
Ectopic Kidneys
An ectopic kidney is a kidney that is located outside its normal position in the abdomen. Instead of being in the usual spot on the left or right side of the lower back, an ectopic kidney might be ...
Ebola and the Kidneys
Ebola is a severe disease caused by the Ebola virus, leading to high mortality rates. It primarily affects the body's ability to manage fluids and can significantly impact the kidneys. Understanding ...
Eating Disorders Associated with Kidney Disease
Eating disorders can occur as a result of kidney disease, affecting how individuals eat and perceive food. This article will explore the relationship between kidney disease and eating disorders, ...
EAST Syndrome
EAST syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects various bodily systems. It is characterized by a combination of symptoms, primarily involving Epilepsy, Ataxia, Sensorineural hearing loss, and ...
Duplicated Ureter
A duplicated ureter is a medical condition where a person has two ureters on one side of their body instead of the usual single ureter. The ureters are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the ...
