Plantar Fibromatosis is a rare medical disorder that marks the beginning of the growth of benign tumors under the foot. These tumor-like nodules are referred to as plantar fibromas. They develop on the underside of the foot or the plantar surface. The heel is connected to the bottom of the foot by a band of connective tissue, plantar fascia. The tumors grow slowly and are made up of excess collagen. The condition may affect both the feet (Ledderhorse’s diseae) and is not likely to get resolved on its own. It affects males more than females and is relatively widespread among the Caucasian race.
Causes
- Damage caused to the plantar fascia
- Age- people in the age group of 50 and above are at a greater risk. Highest incidence is observed in men above 70 years of age
- Prolonged use of anti-seizure medicines
- Congenital- this condition may affect a person at the time of birth
- Genetic disorder
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Alcohol consumption
- Liver dysfunction
- Epilepsy
- Thyroid dysfunction
- Standing for very long
- Excessive intake of vitamin C
Symptoms
- Pain and discomfort while walking
- As the tumors grow, bending the toes may become difficult
- A prominent and hard lump can be seen near the foot arch
- Multiple Fibromas – There may be more than one lump in the foot
- Discomfort while wearing shoes
- Barefoot movement may be painful
Diagnosis
- Analysis of the patient’s medical and family history. The record of all the medications taken by the patient may be taken into consideration
- Detailed examination of the existing condition and the symptoms reported
- X-ray imaging may be required in most cases
- MRI and CT scan may reveal condition of soft tissues and the exact location, size and shape of the tumor
Treatment
- If the tumor is small and does not interfere with the daily activities of the patient, the focus of treatment is on alleviating pressure on the foot. Orthotic devices like pads, night splints, shoe inserts that support the arch may be used. Reduction in pressure helps to shrink the tumor
- Medicated gel may be used to reduce the size of the fibromas
- Injecting cortisones may help in some cases
- Surgical removal of the fibromas
- Use of crutches for a few weeks post-surgery may be recommended
- Maintaining healthy body weight, use of comfortable shoes, plenty of fluid intake and regular stretching exercise may be recommended to prevent the condition from recurring or aggravating
- Activity modification- Standing for too long or walking on hard surfaces may pressurize the foot. Such activities should be avoided
