The thalamus is a deep, egg-shaped structure on each side of the brain. It acts like a relay and traffic controller for many signals that go to and from the ...
Dr. Mary A. Ahluwalia, MD - Ophthalmologist
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy—usually shortened to PML—is a rare, serious brain disease. It happens when a very common virus called the JC virus ...
Primary Sjögren Syndrome is a long-term autoimmune disease. “Autoimmune” means your immune system—your body’s defense—mistakenly attacks your own tissues. In ...
A cough-induced rib fracture happens when repeated, forceful coughing (or one severe cough) places very high stress on the rib cage. The muscles between the ...
Post-concussion syndrome means symptoms that keep going after a concussion. A concussion is a mild brain injury from a hit, jolt, or rapid shaking of the head. ...
Polyarteritis nodosa is a disease where the body’s immune system attacks medium-sized and some small arteries. These arteries become inflamed and damaged. The ...
Pneumosinus dilatans is when one or more of the air spaces in the face (the paranasal sinuses) get bigger than normal and are filled with air, but the bony ...
Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a rare brain disease. It damages parts of the brain that control movement, balance, and automatic body functions like blood ...
Mollaret meningitis is a rare, recurrent form of “aseptic” meningitis. “Aseptic” means the spinal fluid is inflamed but standard bacterial cultures are ...
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare autoimmune nerve-to-muscle junction problem. Your immune system makes antibodies that sit on tiny calcium ...
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer that grows quickly and spreads into nearby brain tissue. It is the most common malignant brain ...
Familial Dysautonomia (also called Riley–Day syndrome or hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III) is a rare condition that children are born with. ...
Cryptococcal meningitis is a serious brain and spinal cord infection caused by a yeast (a type of fungus) called Cryptococcus. The fungus loves to live in the ...
A colloid brain cyst is a small, round, fluid-filled sac that usually sits in the front part of the third ventricle of the brain, right next to the foramen of ...
The basilar artery is a large artery at the back of the brain. It forms where the two vertebral arteries join in front of the brainstem, then runs upward to ...
Chordoma is a rare bone cancer that grows from leftover notochord tissue along the spine and skull base; when it forms at the skull base (the clivus), it can ...
Celiac disease is an immune reaction to gluten (a protein in wheat, barley, and rye). In some people, this immune reaction doesn’t stop at the gut. It can also ...
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a kind of brain injury that mostly affects very premature babies. The injury happens in the white matter near the brain’s ...
Krabbe disease is a rare, inherited brain disease. It damages the white wiring of the brain and the nerves that carry signals. This damage happens because a ...
Neuhauser syndrome (MMR) is a congenital (present at birth) disorder. A baby is born with very large corneas. The cornea is the clear, front window of the eye. ...
