Acanthosis Nigricans

Addison’s disease

Addison’s disease is an endocrine or hormonal disorder that occurs in all age groups and afflicts men and women equally. The disease is characterized by weight loss?, muscle weakness?, fatigue?, low blood pressure, and sometimes darkening of the skin in both exposed and non-exposed parts of the body.

Addison’s disease occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and, in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. The disease is also called adrenal insufficiency, or hypocortisolism. Cortisol is normally produced by the adrenal glands, located just above the kidneys. Cortisol’s most important job is to help the body respond to stress. Among its other vital tasks, cortisol helps balance the effects of insulin? in breaking down sugar for energy. (For more information on this disorder, choose “Addison’s disease” as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)

Becker nevus

Becker nevus is a late-onset birthmark occurring mostly in males. It is also known as Becker melanosis. It is due to an overgrowth of the epidermis (upper layers of the skin), pigment cells (melanocytes), and hair follicles. It develops during childhood or adolescence on the shoulders or upper trunk, occasionally elsewhere. It is thought that it is due to a gene defect, which has not yet been identified. It may be triggered by circulating androgens (male hormones such as testosterone), which is why it appears in males at puberty.

A Becker nevus is a large one-sided brown patch, sometimes observed over half the upper back or chest. After puberty it often becomes darker and quite hairy, a feature also called hypertrichosis.

Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome

Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome, also known as confluent and reticulate papillomatosis, is a rare skin disorder that primarily affects girls and women. Symptom onset typically begins at or soon after puberty. Associated findings include the development of “flat-topped,” wart-like, solid skin lesions (papules) that may be brownish in appearance and up to 0.5 centimeters in diameter. The lesions typically initially develop in the midline of the back and between the breasts. They may then gradually extend in all directions, spreading over the breasts, to the upper middle region of the abdomen (epigastrium), and down toward the pubic region as well as up and down the back. In some instances, the sides of the neck and the shoulders may eventually be affected. As the lesions extend, they typically merge (become confluent), forming irregular or “net-like” (reticulated) patterns. Following gradual progression over a few years, the condition tends to stabilize, with the lesions remaining unchanged. Although Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome has sometimes been confused with benign? AN and pseudoacanthosis in Nigerians, experts indicate that it may be differentiated from AN based on characteristic skin distribution patterns and age at symptom onset. In most instances, Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome appears to occur randomly for unknown reasons (sporadically) in the absence of family history. However, there have been a few instances in which more than one family member has been affected, potentially suggesting autosomal dominant transmission. In some cases, Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome is associated with infection? by a yeast-like fungus known as Pityrosporum orbiculare (also called Malassezia furfur) that is normally present on the skin. Reports suggest that the condition may have a beneficial response to treatment with the bacterial? infections. সহজ বাংলা: ব্যাকটেরিয়ার সংক্রমণের ওষুধ।" data-rx-term="antibiotic" data-rx-definition="An antibiotic is a medicine used to treat bacterial infections. সহজ বাংলা: ব্যাকটেরিয়ার সংক্রমণের ওষুধ।">antibiotic? medication minocycline or therapy with retinoid agents.

Ichthyosis hystrix

Ichthyosis hystrix is a rare inherited skin disorder. It is characterized by scaling skin (ichthyosis) ranging from mild to severe. Thick, horny skin (keratoderma) on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet may occur with no other symptoms, or the whole body surface may be covered with scales. (For more information on this disorder, choose “Ichthyosis hystrix” as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)

Parapsoriasis en plaque?

Parapsoriasis en plaque? is also known as chronic? superficial scaly dermatitis (CSSD), chronic superficial dermatitis, or digitate dermatosis. It is an uncommon chronic skin condition characterized by round or oval red, slightly scaly patches on limbs and trunk. Chronic superficial scaly dermatitis mostly affects adults, especially men. The cause is unknown.

Chronic? superficial scaly dermatitis begins insidiously with one or more red, slightly scaly patches. The commonest site is on the lower limbs, but the trunk and upper limbs are often affected. It is seldom seen on the face, palms, or soles.

The patches are generally round or oval, but finger-like processes are also common, especially on the abdomen, and this accounts for the alternative name digitate or finger-like dermatosis. The patches are usually about 2.5 cm across, although much larger areas form at times, especially on the lower limbs. The color is pink, brown, or slightly yellow. The individual patches are often slightly wrinkled.

Symptoms