Bilateral acute depigmentation of the iris (BADI) is a rare, recently described eye condition characterized by the sudden onset of pigment loss from the iris stroma in both eyes, often accompanied by ...
Bilateral acute iris transillumination (BAIT) is a rare eye condition in which both irises suddenly lose their pigment, allowing light to shine through the back of the iris (the pigment epithelium), ...
Bietti Crystalline Dystrophy (BCD) is a rare, progressive chorioretinal degeneration characterized by numerous small, yellow-white crystalline deposits in the retina and, to a variable degree, the ...
Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis (BBE) is a rare autoimmune condition in which the body’s own immune system mistakenly attacks the brainstem—a critical area that controls consciousness, eye ...
Bestrophinopathies are a group of inherited eye disorders that affect the retina, particularly the macula—the central part responsible for sharp, detailed vision. These conditions arise due to ...
Best disease, also known as vitelliform macular dystrophy, is an inherited eye disorder that primarily affects the macula—the part of the retina responsible for central, detailed vision. It is ...
Bergmeister papilla is a tiny, benign growth seen on the optic disc of the eye. It represents a remnant of the fibrous sheath that once surrounded the fetal hyaloid artery—a vessel that nourished the ...
Benign Yellow Dot Maculopathy is a rare, non-progressive condition characterized by tiny, discrete yellow spots located around the central part of the retina called the macula. These yellow dots are ...
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is a common inner-ear disorder that causes brief episodes of spinning sensation (vertigo) when you move your head in certain positions. It arises when tiny ...
Benign Lobular Inner Nuclear Layer Proliferations (BLIPs) are a recently recognized, noncancerous type of intraretinal tumor that originates within the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina. These ...
Benign episodic pupillary dilation—also known as benign episodic mydriasis (BEM) or benign episodic pupillary dilation (BEPD)—is an isolated, recurrent enlargement of one or both pupils that occurs ...
Benign Episodic Mydriasis (BEM) is a rare, non-dangerous eye condition characterized by sudden, temporary pupil enlargement (mydriasis) that recurs in episodes without other neurological deficits. ...
Behr syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the early loss of vision due to optic nerve atrophy, coupled with progressive degeneration of the cerebellum and pyramidal tracts. Children ...
Behçet’s disease is a rare, chronic inflammatory disorder that affects blood vessels throughout the body. It most often appears in people aged 20 to 40 and is seen more frequently along the ancient ...
Batten disease, formally known as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), is a group of rare, inherited neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the abnormal accumulation of autofluorescent ...
Basal laminar drusen (BLD), also known as cuticular drusen or early adult‐onset grouped drusen, are tiny, yellowish deposits that form beneath the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) on Bruch’s membrane ...
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, accounting for about 80 % of nonmelanoma skin cancers. It arises from basal cells in the lower part of the epidermis, the outermost ...
Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare, inherited disorder that affects many parts of the body. It belongs to a group of conditions called ciliopathies, in which tiny, hair-like structures on cells ...
Balint syndrome is a rare neurological disorder marked by profound impairments in visual perception, spatial cognition, and hand–eye coordination. Individuals with Balint syndrome experience a triad ...
Bacterial keratitis is an infection of the clear front window of the eye, called the cornea. It happens when harmful bacteria invade the corneal layers, causing inflammation, pain, and possible ...
