Cannabinoid‑Induced Glaucoma
Cannabinoid‑induced glaucoma is a rare but clinically important form of secondary glaucoma in which exposure to phytocannabinoids (plant‑derived compounds such as Δ‑9‑tetrahydrocannabinol or ...
Rx Eye & Vision Care (A – Z)
Cancer‑Associated Retinopathy (CAR)
Cancer‑associated retinopathy (often shortened to CAR) is a rare “paraneoplastic” eye disease. That means the cancer is somewhere else in the body, but the immune system—while trying to fight the ...
Canaliculitis
Canaliculitis is an inflammation and infection of one or both canaliculi – the 8‑mm tubes that carry tears from each eyelid punctum into the nose. It makes the inner eyelid red, swollen and tender, ...
Canalicular Obstruction
Canalicular obstruction is a blockage or marked narrowing of one or both tiny channels (canaliculi) that drain tears from each eyelid toward the lacrimal sac.These channels start at the puncta—small ...
Canalicular Laceration
A canalicular laceration is a tear or cut that partially or completely disrupts one or both of the tiny drainage channels (canaliculi) that carry tears from the eyelid puncta to the lacrimal sac and ...
Calcific Band Keratopathy (CBK)
Calcific Band Keratopathy (CBK) is a slowly progressive eye surface disorder in which microscopic crystals of calcium hydroxy‑apatite accumulate across the center of the cornea in a horizontal ...
Brown Syndrome
Brown syndrome—also called superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome—is an uncommon eye‑movement disorder in which the affected eye cannot look smoothly upward when it is turned in toward the nose ...
Brown‑McLean Syndrome (BMS)
Brown‑McLean Syndrome (BMS) is a rare, slowly developing eye problem in which the outer edge of the clear front window of the eye—the cornea—swells in a thin 2‑to‑3 mm ring while the very centre ...
Brow Ptosis
Brow ptosis is the medical term doctors use when the eyebrow drops lower than its normal position on the forehead. In everyday language, it means a “sagging eyebrow.” The muscle at the front of the ...
Brittle Cornea Syndrome (BCS)
Brittle Cornea Syndrome (often shortened to BCS) is a very rare, inherited connective‑tissue disorder in which the clear front window of the eye — the cornea — becomes extremely thin and fragile. ...
Breast Carcinoma Metastatic to the Orbit
Breast carcinoma metastatic to the orbit means that cells from a cancer that began in the breast have broken away, travelled through the bloodstream or lymphatic channels, and settled inside the bony ...
Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO)
Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) occurs when one of the smaller veins carrying blood away from the retina becomes blocked, leading to a buildup of pressure, fluid leakage, and reduced blood flow ...
Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion (BRAO)
Branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) is a blockage of one of the smaller arteries supplying the retina, the light‑sensing layer at the back of the eye. When blood flow is suddenly cut off, retinal ...
Boston Type 2 Keratoprosthesis
The Boston Type 2 Keratoprosthesis (KPro) is an artificial corneal implant specifically designed for eyes with severe end‑stage ocular surface disease in which traditional corneal transplantation is ...
The Boston Type I Keratoprosthesis (BKPro)
The Boston Type I Keratoprosthesis (BKPro) is an artificial cornea designed to restore vision in patients with severe corneal blindness who are poor candidates for standard donor transplants. It ...
Bosch–Boonstra–Schaaf Optic Atrophy Syndrome (BBSOAS)
Bosch–Boonstra–Schaaf Optic Atrophy Syndrome (BBSOAS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the NR2F1 gene. Individuals with BBSOAS commonly present with optic nerve ...
Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome (BRBNS)
Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare vascular disorder characterized by multiple, soft, compressible venous malformations—often appearing as blue, rubbery nodules—on the skin and within ...
Dacryohemorrhea
Dacryohemorrhea, also known as hemolacria or bloody epiphora, is the medical term for the presence of blood‑tinged or frank blood in the tear film when a person cries or when tears are produced ...
Hemolacria
Hemolacria, also called bloody tears, dacryohemorrhea, or sanguineous lacrimation, is a rare condition in which a person’s tears are partially or wholly composed of blood. In this phenomenon, the ...
Bloody Tears
Bloody tears, medically termed haemolacria (or hemolacria), refer to the rare phenomenon in which a person’s tears are tinged with or consist partly of blood. This condition can range from slight red ...
