Browse plain-English disease and condition guides, including symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment options, prevention, and when to seek medical care.
Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous (PHPV)—now more often called Persistent Fetal Vasculature (PFV) is a congenital (present at birth) eye condition. In a developing baby, the eye has...
Read articleAblepharon-Macrostomia Syndrome (AMS) is an extremely rare, autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized principally by absent or underdeveloped eyelids (“ablepharon”) and an unusually wide, fish-like mouth (“macrostomia”)...
Read articleAcanthamoeba keratitis is a rare but potentially sight-threatening corneal infection caused by the free-living amoeba Acanthamoeba, which is found ubiquitously in soil, fresh water, and even...
Read articleAccommodative esotropia is a common form of childhood strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward (esodeviation) because of excessive focusing (accommodation) linked to farsightedness...
Read articleAchromatopsia is a rare eye condition that affects how a person sees color. People with achromatopsia typically have trouble seeing colors or can only see them...
Read articleAchromatopsia is a rare, inherited vision disorder that causes a complete or partial inability to see color. People with achromatopsia rely almost entirely on their rod...
Read articleAchromatopsia 2 (ACHM2) is a genetic eye condition that starts from birth. It mainly affects the cone cells in the retina, which are the light-sensing cells...
Read articleAcquired Developmental Prosopagnosia, often referred to as ADP, is a condition that affects a person’s ability to recognize faces. It’s a complex condition, and in this...
Read articleAcquired ectropion uveae (AEU) is a condition in which the pigmented posterior layer of the iris—normally hidden on the back surface—becomes adherent to and everts onto...
Read articleAcquired oculomotor nerve palsy is a non-congenital condition in which the third cranial nerve (oculomotor nerve) becomes damaged after birth, leading to dysfunction of most extraocular...
Read articleAcquired ophthalmoparesis is a condition characterized by weakness or paralysis of one or more extraocular muscles—those that control eye movements—due to processes that occur after birth....
Read articleAcquired Orbital Dysmorphia (AOD) is a medical condition that affects the structure and appearance of the eye socket and surrounding areas. In simpler terms, it means...
Read articleA Cataract 35 is a problem of the eye in which the clear natural lens becomes cloudy. The lens sits behind the pupil and focuses light...
Read articleCTRCT Related Anterior Polar Cataracts Types 32 are small, white or gray opacities on the front (anterior) surface of the lens. They are usually congenital or...
Read articleA Cataract 32 is a clouding of the natural clear lens inside the eye. The lens normally works like a clear window and a camera focus...
Read articleCataract 31 multiple types is a cloudy or opaque area inside the natural lens of your eye. The lens normally is clear and works like a...
Read articleAutosomal recessive congenital cataract 2 is a rare eye disease where the clear lens inside a baby’s eye becomes cloudy from birth or very early life...
Read articleCataract 18 is a cloudy or opaque area in the natural lens of the eye, the clear structure that normally focuses light onto the retina to...
Read articlePITX3 early-onset non-syndromic cataract is a rare genetic eye condition where a baby or young child develops a cloudy lens (cataract) because of harmful changes (mutations)...
Read articleA cataract is a health condition where the clear natural lens inside your eye becomes cloudy, so light cannot pass through properly and your vision slowly...
Read articleCongenital cataract-microcornea syndrome is a rare genetic eye disease in which a baby is born with a cloudy lens (congenital cataract) and an unusually small cornea...
Read articleBenign inoculation lymphoreticulosis; benign lymphoreticulosis, also called benign lymphoreticulosis, is an older medical name for what we now usually call cat-scratch disease (CSD). It is a...
Read articleButterfly-shaped pigmentary macular dystrophy (often shortened to “butterfly-shaped pattern dystrophy”) is a rare, inherited eye condition. It affects the macula, the central part of the retina...
Read articleButterfly-shaped pattern dystrophy is a rare, inherited eye condition that mainly affects the macula, the sharp-vision center of the retina. In this condition, tiny waste products...
Read articleHereditary Bullous Dystrophy, Macular Type is a rare eye disease that you are born with. It mainly affects the clear front window of the eye called...
Read articleMacular corneal dystrophy (MCD) is an inherited eye disease where cloudy deposits develop in the clear front window of the eye (the cornea). These gray-white spots...
Read articleBrittle cornea syndrome type 1 (BCS1) is a very rare, inherited connective-tissue disorder where the clear front window of the eye (the cornea) is extremely thin...
Read articleBrittle cornea syndrome is a very rare inherited disorder that makes the clear front window of the eye (the cornea) extremely thin and fragile. Because the...
Read articleProlonged electroretinal response suppression (PERRS) is a rare eye condition. After light shines in the eye, the retina should recover quickly. In PERRS, the retina recovers...
Read articleDifficulty seeing moving objects means a person can see still things fairly well, but when things move, they are hard to detect, follow, or judge. Some...
Read articleBradyopsia means “slow vision.” People with this condition have very slow adjustment when light changes. When they come out of a dark room into bright light,...
Read articleVästerbotten dystrophy is a rare inherited eye disease that damages the retina and gradually reduces vision. It usually begins in childhood with night blindness, then causes...
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