Rx Endocrinology, Enzymes and Hormonal Diseases (A – Z)

Hormones and enzymes are distinct biological substances with different functions: hormones are chemical messengers released by endocrine glands to regulate various bodily processes by traveling through the bloodstream, while enzymes are protein catalysts produced by glands to speed up specific chemical reactions, often working at their site of production or within a duct system. The term “endocrine enzymes” is a misnomer; enzymes are catalysts, and hormones are chemical messengers, although some endocrine glands, like the pancreas, also produce exocrine enzymes for digestion in addition to endocrine hormones like insulin and glucagon.  

Hormones / enzymes / endocrine system
Sex hormone
Growth hormone
Thyroid hormones
Glucagon
Cortisol
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Insulin
Parathyroid hormone
Testosterone
Calcitonin
Triiodothyronine
Leptin
Somatostatin
Vasopressin
Aldosterone
Growth hormone–releasing hormone
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Cholecystokinin
Oxytocin
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Erythropoietin
Melatonin
Ghrelin
Estradiol
Dehydroepiandrosterone
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
Secretin
Pancreatic polypeptide
Thyroxine

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Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS)
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Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) is a rare condition where a person has XY (male) chromosomes and testicles, but the body cannot “hear” or use ...

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Transverse Tessier Number 7 Facial Cleft
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Transverse Tessier number 7 facial cleft is a birth defect where the corner of the mouth is split and stretched sideways toward the ear, so the mouth looks ...

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Multiple Pituitary Hormone Deficiencies (MPHD)
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Multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies (MPHD) means that the pituitary gland is not making several different hormones at the same time, not just one. The ...

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Genetic Hypopituitarism
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Genetic hypopituitarism is a life-long condition where the pituitary gland does not make enough hormones because of changes (mutations) in important ...

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Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency (CPHD)
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Combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) is a health problem where the pituitary gland does not make enough of more than one of its hormones at the same ...

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Hypogenitalism
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Hypogenitalism means that the genitals stay too small and “child-like” for the person’s age. In simple words, the sex organs do not grow and mature in the ...

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Hyaluronidase 2 Deficiency
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Hyaluronidase 2 deficiency is a very rare genetic disease. It happens when both copies of a gene called HYAL2 do not work properly. This gene makes an enzyme ...

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Progressive Cerebellar Ataxia with Hypogonadism
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Progressive cerebellar ataxia with hypogonadism is a very rare genetic brain and hormone disorder. It mainly affects the cerebellum (the part of the brain that ...

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Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone (LHRH)
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Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) is the older name for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH is made in the hypothalamus (a small control ...

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Cerebellar ataxia with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
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Cerebellar ataxia with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism means two main problems happen together. First, cerebellar ataxia: the cerebellum is the “balance and ...

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Cerebellar Ataxia–Hypogonadism Syndrome
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Cerebellar ataxia–hypogonadism syndrome is a rare, usually inherited condition where a person has cerebellar ataxia (poor balance and poor coordination because ...

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Pituitary Diabetes Insipidus
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Pituitary diabetes insipidus is a water-balance problem where your body cannot make enough of a hormone called vasopressin (also called ADH). Vasopressin ...

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Cranial Diabetes Insipidus
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Cranial diabetes insipidus is a condition where your brain does not make enough arginine vasopressin (AVP), also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH). AVP is a ...

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Central Diabetes Insipidus
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Central diabetes insipidus (often shortened to CDI) is a condition where your brain does not make enough of a hormone called vasopressin (also called ADH: ...

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Hormonal Tumor
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A hormonal tumor is a growth that makes and releases extra hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers. They are made by glands like the pituitary, thyroid, ...

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Excessive Serotonin Secretion
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Excessive serotonin secretion means the body has too much serotonin in the wrong place or at the wrong time. Serotonin is a natural chemical that helps nerves ...

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Choreoathetosis with Congenital Hypothyroidism and Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NKX2-1)
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Choreoathetosis with congenital hypothyroidism and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome this triad sits on the spectrum of NKX2-1–related disorders, ...

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Choreoathetosis and Congenital Hypothyroidism with Pulmonary Dysfunction
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Choreoathetosis and congenital hypothyroidism with pulmonary dysfunction also call it brain–lung–thyroid (BLT) syndrome or an NKX2-1–related disorder, because ...

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Brain-Lung-Thyroid Syndrome
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Brain-Lung-Thyroid syndrome is a rare genetic condition that can affect the brain (movement control and development), the lungs (breathing), and the thyroid ...

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Bangstad Syndrome
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Bangstad syndrome is a very rare inherited disorder. It affects growth, movement, hormones, and several body systems from birth. Babies are usually small ...

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