The costovertebral joints (CVJs) are the tiny, paired synovial joints where each rib head meets the side of its thoracic vertebral bodies; they share load with ...
Nada G. Abou Fayssal, MD - Neurologist and Spinal Cord Specialist.
Thoracic spine metastatic tumors are secondary malignant growths that have spread from a cancer elsewhere in the body to the vertebrae, epidural space, dura, ...
Thoracic spine discitis is an inflammatory or infective process that attacks the cushion-like fibro-cartilaginous disc situated between two thoracic vertebral ...
Thoracic-spine osteomyelitis is an infection that eats into the bony vertebrae of the mid-back (T1 – T12). Germs—most often bacteria—reach the vertebral body ...
Thoracic spine scoliosis means that the normally straight line of the twelve thoracic vertebrae (T1–T12) bends sideways and often twists around its own axis. ...
Thoracic spine facet-joint arthropathy is a wear-and-tear or inflammatory condition that damages the small paired joints (zygapophysial or “facet” joints) ...
A thoracic disc herniation happens when the soft, jelly-like center of a disc in the mid-back (the nucleus pulposus) bulges or leaks through a crack in its ...
Degenerative disc disease in the thoracic spine is the slow dehydration, fraying and collapse of the shock-absorbing discs that sit between the 12 vertebrae of ...
Paget’s disease of bone is a chronic disorder in which your body tries to remodel bone too quickly. When that runaway remodeling happens in the mid-back ...
Osteoporosis means “porous bone.” When the process settles in the middle-back segment—the twelve thoracic vertebrae—the spongy inner bone (trabecular bone) ...
Thoracic-spine tuberculous spondylitis is a destructive, granulomatous infection of one or more thoracic vertebral bodies caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is best known for attacking the small joints of the hands and feet, yet the same runaway immune reaction can inflame any ...
Thoracic spine spondyloarthritis is a chronic, immune-mediated arthritis that targets the joints, ligaments, and entheses (tendon/ligament anchor points) of ...
Thoracic-spine trauma refers to any acute mechanical injury that disturbs the bony vertebrae, inter-vertebral discs, ligaments, spinal cord, nerve roots, or ...
Iatrogenic means “caused unintentionally by medical treatment.” When sections of rib are removed during a thoracoplasty (often done to help the lungs or to ...
Neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS) is a sideways and often twisting (rotational) curve that develops because the muscles and nerves charged with holding the spine ...
Thoracic inflammatory kyphosis is a forward-bending (sagittal-plane) deformity of the mid-back that results from chronic inflammation inside or around the ...
A post-traumatic thoracic deformity (often called post-traumatic kyphosis) is an abnormal forward bend that develops in the mid–back after a fracture, ...
A thoracic spine post-traumatic deformity (TSPTD) is the long-term change in the normal alignment of the mid-back that develops after an acute high-energy or ...
Thoracic-spine degenerative scoliosis—often grouped under the umbrella of “adult degenerative (de-novo) scoliosis” or “adult spinal deformity”—is a ...
