Delayed-onset extrapontine myelinolysis is a form of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) in which the protective coating (myelin) around nerve fibers outside ...

Classic extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM) is a form of osmotic demyelination syndrome in which rapid shifts in serum osmolality—most often following overly rapid ...

Extrapontine Myelinolysis is a neurological disorder in which the protective coating (myelin) around nerve fibers outside the brainstem (particularly in areas ...

Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM) is a neurological disorder characterized by the rapid destruction of the myelin sheath—the protective covering of nerve ...

Marchiafava–Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by degeneration and necrosis of the corpus callosum—the thick band of nerve ...

Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder—also known as myelinoclastic diffuse sclerosis or Schilder’s disease—is a rare, monophasic demyelinating disorder of the ...

Schilder’s disease, also known as myelinoclastic diffuse sclerosis, is a rare, sporadic demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system characterized by ...

Classic tumefactive multiple sclerosis (MS) is a rare and distinctive form of MS characterized by one or more large demyelinating lesions—typically greater ...

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), historically known as Devic’s disease, is a rare autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system ...

Demyelination refers to damage or loss of the myelin sheath, the fatty insulation that wraps around nerve fibers (axons) and enables rapid electrical ...

Tumefactive demyelination is a rare form of central nervous system (CNS) white-matter injury in which patches of myelin loss grow large enough—often exceeding ...

Peripheral demyelinating neuropathy is a group of disorders characterized by damage to the myelin sheath—the protective covering that surrounds nerve fibers in ...

Paraneoplastic demyelination is an uncommon neurological disorder in which the body’s immune response to a distant cancer mistakenly attacks the myelin sheaths ...

Glycoprotein Antibody Disease (GAD) is an autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system mistakenly targets and produces antibodies against specific ...

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a rare, immune-mediated disorder in which the body’s own antibodies attack the ...

Balo’s Concentric Sclerosis (BCS) is a rare and severe variant of multiple sclerosis characterized by distinctive “onion‐bulb” lesions in the brain’s white ...

Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (ODS) is a serious neurological condition that occurs when rapid shifts in the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance lead to ...

Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM) is a neurological disorder characterized by damage to the myelin sheath—the protective covering of nerve cells—within the ...

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an uncommon, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by ...

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a rare, autoimmune condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the central nervous ...