Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder characterized by an excessive accumulation of specialized immune cells called Langerhans cells in ...

Dysgerminoma is a rare malignant tumor that arises from germ cells of the ovary. Germ cells are the precursors to eggs, and when they transform abnormally, ...

An ependymoma is a type of tumor that arises from ependymal cells, which line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. These cells ...

An intracranial germ cell tumor (iGCT) is a rare neoplasm that originates from primordial germ cells—cells destined to become sperm or ova—that aberrantly ...

Germinomas are malignant tumors arising from primordial germ cells, which are embryonic cells destined to become sperm or eggs. While they most frequently ...

Craniopharyngioma is a rare, typically benign (non-cancerous) brain tumor that arises from remnants of Rathke’s pouch, an embryonic precursor of the anterior ...

Gangliogliomas are rare, typically low-grade brain tumors that consist of both neuronal (ganglion) and glial (supporting) cell components. They most often ...

An optic pathway glioma is a type of brain tumor that arises from the glial cells—supportive cells in the nervous system—along the visual pathway, which ...

Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) is a rare, low-grade brain tumor that arises from astrocytic glial cells, most commonly affecting infants and young children under ...

Pilocytic astrocytoma is a slow-growing, typically benign brain tumor that arises from astrocytes, the star-shaped glial cells that support neurons in the ...

Paraneoplastic diencephalic syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by immune-mediated damage to the diencephalon—a deep brain region that ...

Tumor-associated childhood diencephalic syndrome is a rare neurologic disorder of infancy and early childhood characterized by profound weight loss and failure ...

Idiopathic or Genetic Diencephalic Syndrome is a rare condition characterized by profound failure to thrive, abnormal energy regulation, and a striking ...

Paraneoplastic diencephalic syndrome is a rare immune-mediated disorder in which a remote malignancy triggers an antibody-driven attack on the diencephalon—the ...

Tumor-Associated Childhood Diencephalic Syndrome (DS), also known as Russell’s syndrome, is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition in infants and ...

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer in adults, arising from the lining of the small tubes in the kidney called renal tubules. ...

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer, arising from the lining of the small tubes in the renal cortex that filter blood and ...

Hemorrhagic hepatic metastasis occurs when cancer cells spread from a primary tumor elsewhere in the body to the liver and cause bleeding within the metastatic ...

Choriocarcinoma is a rare, fast-growing cancer that starts in the cells that would normally develop into the placenta during pregnancy. When these cancerous ...

A hemorrhagic ependymoma is a rare variant of ependymoma—a tumor arising from the ependymal cells that line the brain’s ventricles and the spinal cord’s ...