“Reperfusion-Related Hemorrhagic Demyelination” (often shortened to RRHD) describes a chain of events that can happen inside the brain or spinal cord when ...

Parenchymal hemorrhagic demyelination (PHD) is a mouth-ful of medical jargon that simply means “bleeding inside brain tissue that is also losing its insulating ...

Petechial Hemorrhagic Demyelination (PHD) is a pattern of injury inside the brain or spinal cord where the insulating myelin coat of nerve fibres breaks down ...

Your nerves are wrapped in a fatty, insulating coat called myelin. Think of myelin as the plastic around an electric wire: it lets impulses travel fast and ...

Remote Wallerian demyelination is a delayed form of nerve‐fiber breakdown that happens far away from the original injury site. After a nerve is damaged in the ...

Parenchymal hematoma–associated demyelination (PHAD) is a form of white-matter injury that develops when bleeding inside the brain parenchyma (a parenchymal ...

Demyelinating disorders damage the fatty myelin sheath that insulates nerve fibers, slowing or blocking the electrical messages your brain and spinal cord send ...

Chronic Symptomatic Cerebral Syndrome is an umbrella description doctors use when the brain has been under long-term stress or injury and keeps showing clear, ...

Diffuse Symptomatic Cerebral Syndrome (DSCS) is an umbrella phrase clinicians use when the whole brain is sick at once and the patient shows many different ...

Focal symptomatic cerebral syndrome” (FSCS) is an umbrella phrase neurologists sometimes use when a specific, well-defined part of the brain malfunctions and ...

A hypothalamic mixed ganglioglioma is a very rare, usually slow-growing brain tumour that contains two kinds of abnormal cells—ganglion-type (nerve) cells and ...

The pituitary gland is a pea-sized “master gland” that sits in a bony pocket called the sella turcica at the base of the brain, just behind the bridge of the ...

A hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) is a rare, benign (noncancerous) malformation of the hypothalamus—a small but crucial region at the base of the brain responsible ...

Craniopharyngiomas are rare, benign tumors that develop near the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus in the sellar–suprasellar region of the brain. While they ...

Mixed Glioneuronal Tumor–Associated Syndrome is a rare neurological condition in which patients develop a spectrum of symptoms and complications related to ...

A hypothalamic pilocytic astrocytoma is a slow-growing brain tumor that arises from astrocytes, which are star-shaped glial cells supporting neurons. Located ...

Craniopharyngioma–Associated Syndrome refers to the constellation of clinical manifestations, complications, and sequelae that arise from the presence and ...

Hypothalamic Astrocytoma–Associated Syndrome refers to a constellation of clinical signs and symptoms that arise when an astrocytoma—a tumor originating from ...

Optic Pathway Glioma–Associated Syndrome refers to the collection of clinical, genetic, and radiologic features that accompany gliomas arising along the visual ...

Pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) are a rare group of neoplasms that arise from the specialized cells—pineocytes—within the pineal gland, a small endocrine ...