Testicular ultrasound; Testicular sonogram
Scrotal ultrasound is an imaging test that looks at the scrotum. It is the flesh-covered sac that hangs between the legs at the base of the penis and contains the testicles. The testicles are the male reproductive organs that produce sperm and the hormone testosterone. They are located in the scrotum, along with other small organs, blood vessels, and a small tube called the vas deferens.
A testicular ultrasound is a diagnostic test that obtains images of the testicles and the surrounding tissues in the scrotum. It’s also known as a testicular sonogram or scrotal ultrasound.
An ultrasound is a safe, painless, and non-invasive procedure in which high-frequency sound waves produce images of organs inside your body.
An ultrasound uses a probe or transducer. This handheld device converts energy from one form to another. An ultrasound technician, or sonographer, moves it against the targeted part of your body in sweeping motions.
The transducer emits sound waves as it moves. The transducer then receives the sound waves as they bounce off your organs in a series of echoes. A computer processes the echoes into images on a video monitor.
Normal and abnormal tissue transmit different types of echoes. A radiologist can interpret the echoes to distinguish between a benign condition and a solid mass that could be a malignant tumor.
How the Test is Performed
You lie on your back with your legs spread. The health care provider drapes a cloth across your thighs under the scrotum or applies wide strips of the adhesive tape to the area. The scrotal sac will be slightly raised with the testicles lying side by side.
A clear gel is applied to the scrotal sac to help transmit the sound waves. A handheld probe (the ultrasound transducer) is then moved over the scrotum by the technologist. The ultrasound machine sends out high-frequency sound waves. These waves reflect off areas in the scrotum to create a picture.
How to Prepare for the Test
No special preparation is needed for this test.
How the Test will Feel
There is little discomfort. The conducting gel may feel slightly cold and wet.
Why the Test is Performed
A testicle ultrasound is done to:
- Help determine why one or both testicles have become larger
- Look at a mass or lump in one or both of the testicles
- Find the reason for pain in the testicles
- Show how blood flows through the testicles
Normal Results
The testicles and other areas in the scrotum appear normal.
What Abnormal Results Mean
Possible causes of abnormal results include:
- Collection of very small veins, called a varicocele
- Infection or abscess
- Noncancerous (benign) cyst
- Twisting of the testicle that blocks blood flow, called testicular torsion
- Testicular tumor
Risks
There are no known risks. You will not be exposed to radiation with this test.
Considerations
In certain cases, Doppler ultrasound may help identify blood flow inside the scrotum. This method can be helpful in cases of testicular torsion, because blood flow to the twisted testicle may be reduced.
FAQ
What will a testicular ultrasound show?
- Images from the test will help them detect patterns that might indicate cancer. They can also reveal whether you have a cyst (fluid-filled sac), or tumor torsion. An ultrasound can also be used to diagnose testicular cancer or problems with blood flow in the scrotum.
How is a testicular ultrasound done?
- A clear gel is applied to the scrotal sac to help transmit the sound waves. A handheld probe (the ultrasound transducer) is then moved over the scrotum by the technologist. The ultrasound machine sends out high-frequency sound waves. These waves reflect off areas in the scrotum to create a picture.
Is a testicular ultrasound embarrassing?
- Many may feel the procedure is embarrassing, but it is always important to remember that it is being carried out for the benefit of your health, so there is nothing to be ashamed of.
Can testicular cancer be detected on an ultrasound?
- An ultrasound is often the first test done if the doctor thinks you might have testicular cancer. It uses sound waves to produce images of the inside of your body. It can be used to see if a change is a certain benign condition (like a hydrocele or varicocele) or a solid tumor that could be cancer.
What are the 5 warning signs of testicular cancer?
Testicular Cancer: Symptoms and Signs
