Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN)

Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) is a chronic skin condition that primarily affects the nape of the neck, the scalp, and the back of the ears in people with dark skin. It is characterized by the formation of small, firm, raised scars (keloids) and pustules. The condition is known to affect primarily men with curly hair and it is more common in people of African descent.

The exact cause of AKN is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of factors including genetic predisposition, hormonal imbalances, and irritation caused by friction and sweat.

Treatment of AKN can be challenging, and a combination of approaches is typically used. This includes the use of topical and oral antibiotics to reduce the growth of P. acnes bacteria, topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, and topical retinoids to help unclog pores.

Treatment of AKN typically involves a combination of approaches, including:

• Topical medications: Topical retinoids, corticosteroids, and antibiotics may be used to reduce inflammation and prevent infection.
• Oral medications: Oral antibiotics may be prescribed to reduce the growth of bacteria and reduce inflammation.
• Cryotherapy: The use of liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy the affected skin,
• Surgery: Surgical removal of the keloids may be recommended in some cases, but it is important to note that there is a high risk of recurrence.
• Scar management: Silicone gel sheeting or silicone gel can be applied to the scar to improve its appearance.
• Preventive measures: Avoid tight hairstyles, such as cornrows or braids, and avoid friction and irritation on the neck.

It is important to see a dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment as AKN can be persistent and can be difficult to treat. It is also important to note that some treatments may be more effective than others, depending on the individual case, and some may require multiple treatments.

Other treatments such as laser therapy and cryotherapy may also be used to reduce the size of keloids. Surgery is not recommended as it can worsen the condition and cause more keloids to form.

It is important to see a dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment, as AKN can be a chronic condition that requires ongoing management.

Preventative measures such as avoiding tight collars and hairstyles that rub against the nape of the neck and using a gentle, non-comedogenic skincare routine can also help to reduce the risk of AKN.