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Fedratinib – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interaction

Mechanism of Action

Fedratinib is an inhibitor of Janus Activated Kinase 2 (JAK2) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3. JAK2 is highly active in myeloproliferative neoplasms like myelofibrosis. Fedratinib’s inhibition of JAK2 inhibits phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and 5, which prevents cell division and induces apoptosis.

Fedratinib is a kinase inhibitor that inhibits cell division and induces apoptosis. Patients taking fedratinib may experience anemia, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatic toxicity, or elevated amylase and lipase. These effects should be managed by reducing the dose, temporarily stopping the medication, or providing transfusions on a case-by-case basis.

Fedratinib acts as a competitive inhibitor of protein kinase JAK-2 with IC50=6 nM; related kinases FLT3 and RET are also sensitive, with IC50=25 nM and IC50=17 nM, respectively. Significantly less activity was observed against other tyrosine kinases including JAK3 (IC50=169 nM). In treated cells, the inhibitor blocks downstream cellular signaling (JAK-STAT) leading to the suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis.

Indications

  • Fedratinib is indicated to treat adults with primary or secondary myelofibrosis that is either intermediate-2 or high-risk.
  • Arabic is indicated for the treatment of disease-related splenomegaly or symptoms in adult patients with primary myelofibrosis, post polycythemia vera myelofibrosis, or post essential thrombocythaemia myelofibrosis who are Janus Associated Kinase (JAK) inhibitor naïve or have been treated with ruxolitinib.
  • Fedratinib is an oral selective inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK-2) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) that is used in the therapy of intermediate or high-risk, primary or secondary myelofibrosis
  • Fedratinib hydrochloride is approved for use in adults to treat: Myelofibrosis (a bone marrow disease) that is an intermediate-2 risk or high risk, including the following types: Primary myelofibrosis. Post-polycythemia vera myelofibrosis. Post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis.
  • Fedratinib hydrochloride is also being studied in the treatment of other conditions.
  • For the treatment of intermediate-2 or high-risk primary or secondary (post-polycythemia vera or post-essential thrombocythemia) myelofibrosis (MF)
  • In the United States, fedratinib is indicated for the treatment of adults with intermediate-2 or high-risk primary or secondary (following polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia) myelofibrosis.
  • Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF)
  • Secondary Myelofibrosis

Use in Cancer

Toremifene is approved to treat:

Contraindications

Dosage

Strengths: 100 mg

Myelofibrosis

For patients with a baseline platelet count of 50 x 109/L or greater:

Management of thiamine levels and Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE):

Dose Adjustments

DOSE MODIFICATIONS WITH CONCOMITANT USE OF STRONG CYP450 3A4 INHIBITORS:

DOSE MODIFICATIONS FOR HEMATOLOGIC ADVERSE REACTIONS:

`DOSE MODIFICATIONS FOR NONHEMATOLOGIC ADVERSE REACTIONS:

Administration advice:

Side Effects

The Most Common

More common

Rare

Drug Interactions

Pregnancy and Lactation

US FDA pregnancy category: Not assigned.

Pregnancy

This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit outweighs the risk. Adequate methods of contraception should be encouraged. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential harm to the fetus.

Lactation

How should this medicine be used?

Fedratinib comes as a capsule to take by mouth. It is usually taken once a day, with or without food. Taking fedratinib with a high fat meal may help to reduce nausea and vomiting. Take fedratinib at around the same time every day. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take fedratinib exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.

Your doctor will order blood tests before and during your treatment to see how you are affected by this medication. Your doctor may increase or decrease your dose of fedratinib during your treatment, or may tell you to stop taking fedratinib temporarily or permanently. This depends on how well the medication works for you, your lab test results, and if you experience side effects. Talk to your doctor about how you are feeling during your treatment.

Other uses for this medicine

This medication may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

What special precautions should I follow?

Before taking fedratinib,

  • tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to fedratinib, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in fedratinib capsules. Ask your pharmacist or check the Medication Guide for a list of the ingredients.
  • tell your doctor and pharmacist what other prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take. Be sure to mention any of the following: clarithromycin (Biaxin, in PrevPac), diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac, others), erythromycin (E.E.S., E-mycin, Erythrocin), idelalisib (Zydelig), indinavir (Crixivan), itraconazole (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL, in Dutoprol, others), midazolam (Versed), nefazodone, nelfinavir (Viracept), omeprazole (Prilosec, in Zegerid), pantoprazole (Protonix), ribociclib (Kisqali, Kisqali, in Femera), ritonavir (Norvir), ruxolitinib (Jakafi), and saquinavir (Invirase). Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects. Many other medications may also interact with fedratinib, so be sure to tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking, even those that do not appear on this list.
  • tell your doctor if you if you smoke or if you have ever smoked. Also tell your doctor if you have or have ever had cancer, pancreatitis (swelling of the pancreas), blood clots, a stroke, a heart attack or other heart problems, liver or kidney disease.
  • tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. If you become pregnant while taking fedratinib, call your doctor.
  • do not breastfeed during your treatment with fedratinib and for at least 1 month after your final dose.
  • if you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist that you are taking fedratinib.

References

  1. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs/fedratinibhydrochloride
  2. https://www.drugs.com/mtm/fedratinib.html
  3. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a619058.html
  4. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB12500
  5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fedratinib
  6. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/fedratinib-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20469997https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/fedratinib-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20469997
  7. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Fedratinib
  8. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Fedratinib-dihydrochloride-monohydrate
  9. https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-177751/fedratinib-oral/details/list-sideeffects
  10. ChemIDplus Chemical Information Classification
  11. CompTox Chemicals Dashboard Chemical Lists
  12. NCI Thesaurus Tree
  13. Guide to Pharmacology Target Classification
  14. PubChem
  15. Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification
    Target-based classification of drugs
  16. NORMAN Suspect List Exchange Classification

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