Blepharophyma

Blepharophyma also known as sebaceous hyperplasia or eyelid dermatitis, is a benign (non-cancerous) condition that causes small, yellowish bumps to form on the eyelids that are thickening of the skin on the eyelids, resulting in a “stye-like” appearance. It is often associated with seborrheic dermatitis, which is a common skin condition that causes scaly patches, red skin, and stubborn dandruff. The thickened skin can cause the eyelids to appear swollen and can make it difficult to fully open the eyes. The condition is usually benign and not harmful to vision but can cause discomfort and irritation of the eyes. Treatment typically includes the use of medicated creams and ointments, as well as lifestyle changes, such as avoiding harsh soaps and makeup around the eyes. In severe cases, a referral to a dermatologist or ophthalmologist may be necessary.

Causes

The exact cause of blepharophyma is not known, but it is believed to be related to an overproduction of oil (sebum) in the sebaceous glands located on the eyelids.

The condition is often associated with other conditions such as rosacea, eczema, and seborrheic dermatitis. It is also more common in people who have oily skin, dandruff, or a weakened immune system.

Symptoms

Symptoms of blepharophyma include:

  • Small, yellowish bumps on the eyelids
  • Bumps that are slightly raised and have a smooth surface
  • Bumps that may be itchy or painful
  • Bumps that may become red or irritated if scratched or picked
  • Bumps that may be mistaken for warts or moles

Blepharophyma is typically benign and does not require treatment. However, if the bumps become irritated or uncomfortable, your doctor may recommend a topical cream or gel to reduce inflammation and redness. In some cases, laser therapy or cryotherapy may be used to remove the bumps.

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It is important to note that blepharophyma should not be confused with basal cell carcinoma, a type of skin cancer that can also appear on the eyelids. If you notice any changes in the appearance of your eyelids or have any concerns, it is important to see a healthcare professional for an examination.

Diagnosis

  • A physician or dermatologist will perform a physical examination of the eyelids and may take a skin biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.
  • The physician may also ask about the patient’s medical history, including any allergies or previous skin conditions.

Treatment

  • The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation and soften the thickened skin on the eyelids.
  • Topical creams or ointments containing corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation.
  • Topical or oral antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a secondary infection.
  • In severe cases, a physician may recommend surgery to remove the thickened skin.
  • It is important to avoid rubbing or scratching the affected area, as this can worsen the condition.
  • Keeping the eyelids clean and using a gentle, non-irritating cleanser can help prevent future flare-ups.
  • It is also important to identify and avoid any triggers, such as certain cosmetics or skincare products, that may cause a flare-up.