Male Infertility is usually defined as the inability of a couple to conceive even after one year of unprotected, frequent sexual intercourse.[rx] It affects about 15% of all couples in the United States and at least 180 million worldwide.[rx] Male infertility is Read More >>>>

Oligospermia is a male fertility issue characterized by a low sperm count. Low sperm count means that the fluid (semen) you ejaculate during an orgasm contains fewer sperm than normal. A low sperm count is also called oligospermia (ol-ih-go-SPUR-me-uh). A Read More >>>>

CAH refers to a group of genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands. These glands sit on top of the kidneys and release hormones the body needs to function. CAH creates imbalances in these hormones, which cause a wide range Read More >>>>

Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF) is a sudden decrease in kidney function that develops within 7 days, as shown by an increase in serum creatinine or a decrease in urine output, or both.[rx] Causes of AKI are classified as either prerenal (due to Read More >>>>

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare and aggressive variant of chronic pyelonephritis. It usually occurs due to chronic nephrolithiasis and infection. The diagnosis is often confused with renal cell carcinoma, and a CT scan, as well as histology of the mass, Read More >>>>

Cystinuria is a condition characterized by the buildup of the amino acid cysteine, a building block of most proteins, in the kidneys and bladder. As the kidneys filter blood to create urine, cystine is normally absorbed back into the bloodstream. Cystine Read More >>>>

Acute Kidney Colic/Acute renal colic is severe pain resulting from the presence of a stone in the urinary system. The stone can be present anywhere along the path between the kidneys and the urethra. Nephrolithiasis refers to kidney stones, or Read More >>>>

Acute renal colic is severe pain resulting from the presence of a stone in the urinary system. The stone can be present anywhere along the path between the kidneys and the urethra. Nephrolithiasis refers to kidney stones, or renal calculi, Read More >>>>

Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection causing inflammation of the kidneys. Pyelonephritis occurs as a complication of an ascending urinary tract infection that spreads from the bladder to the kidneys. Symptoms usually include fever, flank pain, nausea, vomiting, burning with Read More >>>>

A 24-hour urinalysis is a timed urine collection used in the metabolic evaluation of urinary stone disease, proteinuria evaluation, and estimation of renal function via creatinine clearance, estimating residual renal function in end-stage renal disease with urea and creatinine clearance. Read More >>>>

Nephrolithiasis/Kidney stone disease, also known as nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) develops in the urinary tract. Kidney stones typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream.[rx] A small stone may pass without causing symptoms.[rx] If a stone grows Read More >>>>