Leukodystrophies are a group of rare genetic disorders that affect the white matter of the brain, specifically the myelin sheath, which is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system. These disorders can lead to a range of neurological symptoms and complications. Here, we’ll explore the types, causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, treatments, medications, surgeries, preventions, and when to seek medical attention for leukodystrophies.
Types of Leukodystrophies:
- Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
- Krabbe disease
- Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD)
- Canavan disease
- Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD)
- Alexander disease
- Vanishing white matter disease (VWM)
- X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD)
- Childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination (CACH)
- Hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC)
- Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC)
- Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease (PMLD)
- Aicardi-Goutières syndrome
- Pol III-related leukodystrophies
- Alexander-like leukodystrophy (ALL)
- Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids (HDLS)
- MLC-like disease
- Nasu-Hakola disease
- Adult-onset leukodystrophy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP)
- Fahr’s disease
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