Hawkins classification may be defined as a severity, pattern, incision, degree of fracture judgment, or assessment identification system, and they are type I: undisplaced fracture. type II: displaced fracture with subluxation or dislocation of the subtalar joint and a normal ankle joint. type III: displaced fracture with the body of talus dislocated from both subtalar and ankle joint.
Hawkins classification: Classification system for talar neck fractures.
Classification system for vertical neck fractures of the talus, the commonest type of talus fracture. High energy injury is usually associated with forced dorsiflexion and axial load. Associated with risk of avascular necrosis (AVN)
- Hawkins Type I: Nondisplaced talar neck fracture
- Hawkins Type II: Talar neck fracture with a subtalar dislocation
- Hawkins Type III: Talar neck fracture with subtalar and tibiotalar dislocation
- Hawkins Type IV: Talar neck fracture with subtalar and tibiotalar and talonavicular dislocation
Leland G Hawkins (1933-1991) originally described Types I-III in 1970 with Canale and Kelly adding Type IV in 1978
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Classification
Hawkins Classification | |||
Type | Description | AVN risk | |
Hawkins I | Nondisplaced | 0-13% | |
Hawkins II | Subtalar dislocation | 20-50% | |
Hawkins III | Subtalar and tibiotalar dislocation | 20-100% | |
Hawkins IV | Subtalar, tibiotalar, and talonavicular dislocation | 70-100% | |
| Classification | Description | Notes |
| Type 1 | Nondisplaced talar neck | AVN Risk 0-15% |
| Type2 | Displaced neck fracture with subtalar dislocation or subluxation | AVN Risk 20-50% |
| Type 3 | Displaced neck fracture with dislocation/subluxation of both tibiotalar and subtalar joints | AVN Risk 100% |
| Type 4 | Displaced neck fracture with dislocation/subluxation talonavicular, tibiotalar and subtalar joints |
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