NameGovernor’s plum
Scientific NameFlacourtia indica
NativeNative to Asia and Africa
It is available from Tropical Africa, South Africa, Madagascar, Swaziland, India, Indo-china, Sri Lanka, China, and Indonesia.
Common/English NameBatok plum, Madagascar plum, Indian plum, Rhodesia plum Mauritius plum, Ramontchi, Kangu, Governor’s Plum, Flacourtia, Batoka Plum, Rhodesia plum, Botoko plum, Panacea, Ceylon plum, Bilangra
Name in Other LanguagesSpanish: ciruela de Madagascar, ciruela de gobernador, ciruela gobernadora;
French: marromse, grosse prune-café, jujube Malgache, prune pays, prunier d’Inde, prunier de Madagascar, Flacourtie d’Inde;
China: ci li mu (刺篱木); nuo nuo guo,  Cìzi (刺子),Dà guǒ cì lí mù (大果刺篱木), Shān lǐzǐ (山李子), Nuó nuó guǒ (挪挪果), Mù guān guǒ (木关果), Xì xiáng lè guǒ (细祥竻果), Yě lǐzǐ (野李子);
Germany: Batokopflaume, Madagaskar-Pflaumenbaum, Echte Flacourtie, Ramontchi;
Hungary: batokószilva, maronszilva, kormányzószilva, ramoncsi;
India: bilangra, kandai, cottaikkalaa, katai, kondari, kondai, kukai, sottaikala, kurumuli;
Indonesia: duri rukem, rukem minced, rukam sepat;
Japan: ramonchii (ラモンチー ), indo rukamu (インドルカム);
Kenya: mgo, mkingii, michongoma, mkingili, ngovigovi, mugovigovi;
Laos: mak keng, mak ken;
Myanmar: nayuwai;
Philippines: bitongol, palutan, bolong;
Portugal: ameixa da Mauricia, cerezo del gobernador, ameixa de Madagascar;
Sri Lanka: uguressa;
Thailand: ta khop pa, ma kwen pa;
Zimbabwe: munhunguru, mutudza, mutombototo, mutunguru;
Hindi: bilangada (बिलाङ्गड़ा), bilangra, ibalaanagara, kañcu;
Marathi: athruna (अठरुन), tambut (तांबूट);
Tamil: cottai-k-kala (சொத்தைக்களா), Cottaikkalaa, Sottaikala, Mutunguru, sottaikala;
Malayalam: Kurumuli, Cherumullikkachedi, Aghori, Karimulli, Karkkadappazham, Kodumundi, Kattukara, Mullikkachedi, ramontchi, Oushadakkara, Vayankkaitha, Karimulli (കരിമുള്ളി);
Konkani: babhuli tambat (बाभुळी तांबट);
Sanskrit: shruvavrikksha (श्रृववृक्ष), Vikankata;
Veitnamese: ân do, muôn quân;
Afrikaans:  Goewerneurspruim;
Burmese:  Naywe, Nayuwai;
Laotian:  Mak keng, Mak ken;
Shona: Munhunguru,  Munhunguru, Mududwe, Mutombototo, Mutunguru, Mutudza;
Sinhalese:  Uguressa;
Swahili:  Mchongoma, Mgo, Michongoma, Mkingii, Mkingili, Mkingila, Ngovigovi, Mugovigovi;
Bengali: Bincha, Bewich, Bainchi;
Burmese: Nayuwai, Naywe;
Laotian: Mak ken, Mak keng
Plant Growth HabitShrub, small tree, ornamental, evergreen, spiny, slow-growing
Growing ClimateTemperate
Plant SizeHeight: 15 m
BarkRough, pale, powdery, grey, brown
SpinesSpiny, drooping
LeafElliptic, ovate to round, scalloped or toothed, Length: 2.5-5 cm
Flowering SeasonDecember-April
FlowerInconspicuous, greenish to yellow
Sepals5 to 6, ovate, acute-rounded, pubescent, Length and Breadth: 1.5-2.5 mm; white; Diameter: 5 mm
FilamentsLength: 2-2.5 mm; Anther length: 0.5 mm
Fruit shape & sizePome, fleshy, spherical, Across: 2.5 cm
Fruit colorReddish-reddish black, purple
Flesh colorYellow or white
Fruit peelSmooth
Fruit TasteSweet
Seed6 to 10 seeds; Length: 8-10 mm; Broad: 4-7 mm; pale brown
Fruit SeasonMarch-July
Health Benefits
  • Cure arthritis
  • Treats anemia
  • Colds and flu
  • Diarrhea problems
  • Aid for snake bites
  • Cures bone ailments
  • Enhance immunity
  • Allergies
Traditional uses
  • The roots and leaves help to treat snakebite.
  • The bark is an effective treatment for arthritis.
  • It is a cure for cough, bacterial throat infection and pneumonia.
  • The bark is used to treat intermittent fever.
  • The bark infusion is used as a gargle for hoarseness.
  • It is used for parturition as a tonic and antiviral.
  • Leaves are regarded as an antidote for snake bites.
Precautions
  • Allergic people should avoid Governor’s plum.
  • Some allergic reactions might be experienced.
  • It should be consumed in limited amounts.
How to Eat
  • Fruit is consumed raw or stewed.
  • It is used to make jellies and jams.
  • Ripe fruits are dried and kept for later use.
  • It is used to make wines, jelly, preserves, or jam.
  • The pulp is also used in pies and cakes.

Governor’s plum Scientific Classification

Scientific Name: Flacourtia indica

RankScientific Name & (Common Name)
KingdomPlantae (Plants)
SubkingdomTracheobionta (Vascular plants)
SuperdivisionSpermatophyta (Seed plants)
DivisionMagnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
ClassMagnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
SubclassDilleniidae
OrderViolales
FamilyFlacourtiaceae (Flacourtia family)
GenusFlacourtia Comm. ex L’Hér. (Flacourtia)
SpeciesFlacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr. (Governor’s plum)
Synonyms
  • Flacourtia rotundifolia Roxb.
  • Flacourtia sapida Roxb.
  • Flacourtia sepiaria Roxb.
  • Flacourtia sepiaria var. obcordata Pierre
  • Flacourtia thorelii Gagnep.
  • Gmelina indica Burm. fil.
  • Gmelina javanica Christm.
  • Mespilus silvestris Burm.
  • Myroxylon dicline Blanco
  • Rhamnopsis sepiaria Rchb.
  • Sideroxylon spinosum Willd.
  • Stigmarota africana Lour.
  • Stigmarota edulis Blanco