Chinese olive/Canarium album is a tree species in the genus Canarium and the family Burseraceae, found in Indo-China; the Catalogue of Life does not record any sub-species. Canarium album produces a fruit commonly called Chinese olive or white olive, though it has no relation to Olea; it is consumed in Vietnam (Vietnamese: trám trắng, fruit quả trám), Thailand (where it is known as nam liap (Thai: หนำเลี้ยบ), samo chin (Thai: สมอจีน) or kana (Thai: กาน้า)) and in China.[rx]
The pulp of the tree’s fruit and its seeds are edible, with a strong resinous flavor when they are fresh. Culinary oil can be extracted from the seed. Preserves can be made with the fruit, both sweet like jam or pickled preserves. Mostly cultivated in Thailand, cultivation has been introduced on a smaller scale to Fiji and northern Queensland in Australia. Its fruit, resin, and seed are exported to Europe where they are used in the manufacture of varnish and soap.[rx]
| Chinese olive Quick Facts | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Chinese olive |
| Scientific Name: | Canarium album |
| Origin | Subtropical Asia and Africa |
| Colors | Yellow to green |
| Shapes | Ovoid or spindle-shaped; 25 – 35 mm long |
| Health benefits | Helpful for diabetics, Weight management, Prevention from cancer, Relieve from chilblain, Halt bleeding |
Chinese olive cultivars are best known for eating fresh and used for processing. Fruits are oval with pointed to rounded ends and pits or internal stones. It may be green to red and golden yellow in color. The skins of fruit are thin to thick and crisp or tender. The fruit has astringent and tart to fruity and sweet flavor.
Chinese olives are inherent to subtropical Asia and Africa. It is cultivated throughout greater China, Japan, Vietnam, and Malaysia. It prefers warm summer, consistent rainfall and is sensitive to cold, and does not withstand sub-zero temperature. It could tolerate various growing conditions from poor soil to drought. The cultivar is naturalized outside Asia in Eastern and Northern United States where it revitalizes forested areas and attracts birds.
Description
Chinese olive is a subtropical and evergreen flowering or fruit-bearing tree species belonging to the genus Canarium in the torchwood family Burseraceae. Chinese olive trees measure 7 to 25 meters tall. Branchlets are about 5 to 6 mm in diameter, tomentose with yellowish-brown hairs when glabrescent and young. Leaflets are in 3 to 6 pairs; blades are elliptic, ovate, lanceolate, glabrous, or abaxially measuring 6-14 x 2-5.5 cm. Inflorescences are axillary, glabrescent or minutely tomentose. The calyx is 2.5 to 3 mm, 3-fid in male flowers, and nearly truncate in female flowers. Stamens are glabrous, filaments are related for more than ½ of length with terete or globose disk and slightly 6-lobed in male flowers. Flowers are then followed by 1 to 6 fruits about 1.5 to 15 cm. Drupe is yellow to green, ovoid or spindle-shaped measuring 25 to 35 mm. Exocarp is thick and wrinkled when dry.
Health Benefits of Chinese Olive
Here are some health benefits of Chinese olive discussed:
- Helpful for diabetics
Chinese olive is regarded as a portion of supplementary food to prevent diabetes and also its complications. Chinese olives have OE-MeOH-Ea which promotes mitochondrial function and activates AMPK to promote glucose uptake through regulating the Ca2+ signaling pathway. Chinese olive extracts are antioxidants and anti-glycation agents towards copper-induced and glucose-induced LDL modification that must have the potential to prevent diabetic complications. Chinese olive fruit is valuable to human health and is practiced in herbal medicines but also by modern scientific research in Asia.
- Weight management
Chinese olives have a high content of dietary fiber which means nutrient in the diet are not digested by gastrointestinal enzymes but has a crucial role to ensure body health. Research shows that an intake of 30 grams of dietary fiber assists to lose weight, improve body’s response to insulin and lower blood pressure. The fiber in a low-fat diet helps to slow absorption of fat and provides satiety for the longer time period by eating dietary fiber-rich food such as Chinese olives might aid to control weight better.
- Prevention from cancer
Chinese olive possesses an anti-tumor proliferative effect and functional compounds from extract include gallic acid, ellagic acid, methyl gallate, scopoletin, and esculetin. Research shows that scopoletin exhibits anticancer activity by promoting apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and regulating the expression of cyclin D1 levels in human prostate cancer cells.
- Prevent diabetes and complications among diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic disease that happens when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin and the body cannot produce adequate insulin or when the body could not use insulin effectively as it produces to use sugar. As time passes, diabetes could harm various organs such as blood vessels, the heart, nervous system, and kidneys. Study shows that extract from Chinese olives promote mitochondrial function and activate AMPK to promote glucose uptake through regulating the Ca2+ signaling pathway. Chinese olives help to prevent diabetes in normal people and lower of diabetics.
- Relieve lip pain
Chinese olive kernels are applied externally to provide relief from lip pain and it could be used for treating chapped lips.
- Stop bleeding
Take ash of Chinese olive pits orally with rice soup for treating gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Relief from chilblain
Mix the ash of Chinese olive pits with vegetable oil and apply it externally for treating chilblain which is a pain, swelling, itching, and inflammation on the skin typically on foot or hand caused by poor circulation in the skin when exposed to extreme cold.
Medicinal uses
- Chinese olives stimulate appetite and exclude apprehension.
- In Chinese herbal history, it is used to ease gastrointestinal health.
- Fruit is useful to cure fever, relieve alcoholic poisoning, and benefit the throat.
- To treat painful swollen throat, intake fresh or salted fruit several times a day.
- To treat a fever with thirst, take 3 to 5 pieces of fruit and cover it with water and then simmer for some time and drink it.
- Take five pieces of fruit and steam with fresh ginger, water, and sugar. Take this three times a day to treat dysentery.
- Steam the pieces of fresh fruit, 100 grams of both lean pork and lotus roots with the appropriate amount of salt. Take this once a day to help hemorrhoids bleeding and gastric bleeding.
- Take the Chinese olive fruit steamed with some water and sugar to cure chronic cough.
- Drink the liquid (prepared by simmering 5 to 10 pieces of fresh fruit, some water, and 50 grams of sugar) as a cure for a hangover.
- Apply the crushed Chinese olive fruit to infected sores and bleeding wounds.
- Roast the stones of fruit till they become charcoal and crush it into fine powder. Make the paste by adding some sesame oil. Apply this paste to the affected areas from chilblains.
- Chinese olive enhances salivation, stimulates appetite, and purifies lungs.
- It also acts as an antidote to intoxication by consuming alcohol or poisonous fish.
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