A focal scleral nodule is a small, round, benign lump that grows from the white outer coat of the eye called the sclera. It usually looks yellowish or white, ...

Focal Choroidal Excavation (FCE) is a small, deep pit or depression in the choroid layer of the eye that is seen most clearly with detailed imaging, especially ...

Floppy Eyelid Syndrome (FES) is an eye condition where the upper eyelid becomes too loose and stretchy. Because the eyelid is very soft and lax, it can flip ...

Fleck Corneal Dystrophy (FCD) is a rare inherited eye condition that affects the clear front part of the eye called the cornea, specifically the middle layer ...

Firework and shrapnel eye injuries are serious and can cause permanent loss of vision if not recognized and treated quickly. These injuries happen when ...

A firearm ocular injury means that a gun or projectile has caused damage to the eye, the tissues around the eye (the orbit), or the visual pathways. These ...

Fingolimod-Associated Macular Edema is swelling in the center of the retina (the macula) that happens as a side effect of taking the drug fingolimod, which is ...

Filamentary keratitis is a painful eye condition in which thread-like strands (called filaments) form and stick to the surface of the cornea, the clear front ...

Fibrous histiocytoma is a name doctors give to a group of tumors that arise from cells in the skin or soft tissues that look like a mix of fibroblasts (cells ...

Fibrous dysplasia is a rare, non-inherited bone condition in which normal bone and its marrow are gradually replaced by abnormal, weak, fibrous (scar-like) ...

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) is the name for a range of problems that happen when a baby is exposed to alcohol before birth. Alcohol crosses the ...

Festoons are soft, sagging, bag-like swellings that appear on the lower eyelid and upper cheek area, typically forming a “hammock” or bulge over the cheek ...

Familial Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysms (FRAM), also called Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm with Supravalvular Pulmonic Stenosis (RAMSVPS), is a rare inherited ...

Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy, or FEVR, is a rare inherited eye disease that affects how blood vessels grow in the retina, which is the light-sensitive ...

Facial nerve palsy means that the seventh cranial nerve (the facial nerve) is not working properly. This nerve controls the muscles of the face—so when it is ...

Fabry disease is a rare inherited disorder caused by a problem in a single gene called GLA. That gene gives instructions to make an enzyme named ...

An eyelid laceration is a cut or tear in the skin and underlying structures of the eyelid. Eyelids protect the eye, help spread tears to keep the eye moist, ...

An eyelid burn is damage to the skin and tissues of the eyelid caused by heat (thermal), chemicals, radiation, or electricity. Because the eyelid is thin and ...

Eyelash ptosis means that the upper eyelashes bend downward or droop instead of having their normal slight upward curve. Normally, upper eyelashes sweep upward ...

Eye tattooing refers to putting pigment (ink) into parts of the eye to change its appearance. There are two very different contexts: one is therapeutic or ...